Wyo. Code R. 053-0008-9
OSHA - Construction 1926
Chapter 9: Tools - Hand & Power
Effective Date: 04/12/1993 to 06/16/1997
Rule Type: Superceded Rules & Regulations
Reference Number: 053.0008.9.04121993
employment/oshaconstr/09_Tools__Hand__Power
Agency EMPLOYMENT Employment, Dept. of
Program OSHACONSTR Occupational Health & Safety - Construction
Chapter Name Tools - Hand & Power
Chapter No.9
Date Filed 04/12/93
Expr Date
Supr Date
Repeal Date
Document Type RULES
Subpart I - Tools-Hand and Power
1926.300 General requirements.
1910.212 General requirements for all machines.
1926.301 Hand tools.
1926.302 Power operated hand tools.
1910.244 Other portable tools and equipment.
1926.303 Abrasive wheels and tools.
1926.304 Woodworking tools.
1926.305 Jacks-lever and ratchet, screw and hydraulic. 1910.244 Other portable tools and equipment
SUBPART I -- Tools-Hand and Power
AUTHORITY: Sec. 107, Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act (Construction Safety Act) (40 U.S.C. 333); Secs. 4, 6 and 8
1926.300 General requirements.
(a) Condition of tools. All hand and power tools and similar equipment, whether furnished by the employer or the employee, shall be maintained in a safe condition. STEP/SAVE
(b) Guarding.
(1) When power operated tools are designed to accommodate guards, they shall be equipped with such guards when in use. STEP/SAVE
(2) Belts, gears, shafts, pulleys, sprockets, spindles, drums, fly wheels, chains, or other reciprocating, rotating or moving parts of equipment shall be guarded if such parts are exposed to contact by employees or otherwise create a hazard. Guarding shall meet the requirements as set forth in American National Standards Institute, B15.1-1953 (R1958), Safety Code for Mechanical Power-Transmission Apparatus. STEP/SAVE
(c) Personal protective equipment. Employees using hand and power tools and exposed to the hazard of falling, flying, abrasive, and splashing objects, or exposed to harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, or gases shall be provided with the particular personal protective equipment necessary to protect them from the hazard. All personal protective equipment shall meet the requirements and be maintained according to Subparts D and E of this part.
(d) Switches.
(1) All hand-held powered platen sanders, grinders with wheels 2-inch diameter or less, routers, planers, laminate trimmers, nibblers, shears, scroll saws, and jigsaws with blade shanks one-fourth of an inch wide or less may be equipped with only a positive "on-off" control.
(2) All hand-held powered drills, tappers, fastener drivers, horizontal, vertical, and angle grinders with wheels greater than 2 inches in diameter, disc sanders, belt sanders, reciprocating saws, saber saws, and other similar operating powered tools shall be equipped with a momentary contact "on-off" control and may have a lock-on control provided that turnoff can be accomplished by a single motion of the same finger or fingers that turn it on.
(3) All other hand-held powered tools, such as circular saws, chain saws, and percussion tools without positive accessory holding means, shall be equipped with a constant pressure switch that will shut off the power when the pressure is released.
(4) The requirements of this paragraph shall become effective on July 15, 1972.
(5) Exception: This paragraph does not apply to concrete vibrators, concrete breakers, powered tampers, jack hammers, rock drills, and similar hand operated power tools.
The following requirements from 29 CFR Part 1910 (General Industry) have been identified as applicable to construction (29 CFR 1926.300 General requirements (Tools-Hand and Power).
1910.212 General requirements for all machines.
(a) Machine guarding. * * *
(3) Point of operation guarding. (i) Point of operation is the area on a machine where work is actually performed upon the material being processed.
(ii) The point of operation of machines whose operation exposes an employee to injury, shall be guarded. The guarding device shall be in conformity with any appropriate standards therefor, or, in the absence of applicable specific standards, shall be so designed and constructed as to prevent the operator from having any part of his body in the danger zone during the operating cycle.
(iii) Special handtools for placing and removing material shall be such as to permit easy handling of material without the operator placing a hand in the danger zone. Such tools shall not be in lieu of other guarding required by this section, but can only be used to supplement protection provided.
(iv) The following are some of the machines which usually require point of operation guarding:
(a) Guillotine cutters.
(b) Shears.
(c) Alligator shears.
(d) Power presses. (e) Milling machines. (f)
Power saws.
(g) Jointers.
(h) Portable power tools.
(i) Forming rolls and calenders.
***
(5) Exposure of blades. When the periphery of the blades of a fan is less than seven (7) feet above the floor or working level, the blades shall be guarded. The guard shall have openings no larger than one half (1/2) inch.
***
(b) Anchoring fixed machinery. Machines designed for a fixed location shall be securely anchored to prevent walking or moving.
(a) Employers shall not issue or permit the use of unsafe hand tools.
STEP/SAVE
(b) Wrenches, including adjustable, pipe, end, and socket wrenches shall not be used when jaws are sprung to the point that slippage occurs.
(c) Impact tools, such as drift pins, wedges, and chisels, shall be kept free of mushroomed heads. STEP/SAVE
(d) The wooden handles of tools shall be kept free of splinters or cracks and shall be kept tight in the tool. STEP/SAVE
(a) Electric power-operated tools.
(1) Electric power operated tools shall either be of the approved double-insulated type or grounded in accordance with Subpart K of this part. STEP/SAVE
(2) The use of electric cords for hoisting or lowering tools shall not be permitted.
(b) Pneumatic power tools.
(1) Pneumatic power tools shall be secured to the hose or whip by some positive means to prevent the tool from becoming accidentally disconnected. STEP/SAVE
(2) Safety clips or retainers shall be securely installed and maintained on pneumatic impact (percussion) tools to prevent attachments from being accidentally expelled. STEP/SAVE
(3) All pneumatically driven nailers, staplers, and other similar equipment provided with automatic fastener feed, which operate at more than 100 p.s.i. pressure at the tool shall have a safety device on the muzzle to prevent the tool from ejecting fasteners, unless the muzzle is in contact with the work surface.
(4) Compressed air shall not be used for cleaning purposes except where reduced to less than 30 p.s.i. and then only with effective chip guarding and personal protective equipment which meets the requirements of Subpart E of this part. The 30 p.s.i. requirement does not apply for concrete form, mill scale and similar cleaning purposes. STEP/SAVE
(5) The manufacturer's safe operating pressure for hoses, pipes, valves, filters, and other fittings shall not be exceeded.
(6) The use of hoses for hoisting or lowering tools shall not be permitted.
(7) All hoses exceeding 1/2-inch inside diameter shall have a safety device at the source of supply or branch line to reduce pressure in case of hose failure. STEP/SAVE
(8) Airless spray guns of the type which atomize paints and fluids at high pressures (1,000 pounds or more per square inch) shall be equipped with automatic or visible manual safety devices which will prevent pulling of the trigger to prevent release of the paint or fluid until the safety device is manually released.
(9) In lieu of the above, a diffuser nut which will prevent high pressure, high velocity release, while the nozzle tip is removed, plus a nozzle tip guard which will prevent the tip from coming into contact with the operator, or other equivalent protection, shall be provided.
The following requirements from 29 CFR Part 1910 (General Industry) have been identified as applicable to construction (29 CFR 1926.302(b). Pneumatic power tools).
(b) Abrasive blast cleaning nozzles. The blast cleaning nozzles shall be equipped with an operating valve which must be held open manually. A support shall be provided on which the nozzle may be mounted when it is not is use.
(c) Fuel powered tools.
(1) All fuel powered tools shall be stopped while being refueled, serviced, or maintained, and fuel shall be transported, handled, and stored in accordance with Subpart F of this part. (2) When fuel powered tools are used in enclosed spaces, the applicable requirements for concentrations of toxic gases and use of personal protective equipment, as outlined in Subparts D and E of this part, shall apply.
(d) Hydraulic power tools.
(1) The fluid used in hydraulic powered tools shall be fire-resistant fluids approved under Schedule 30 of the U.S. Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior, and shall retain its operating characteristics at the most extreme temperatures to which it will be exposed. (2) The manufacturer's safe operating pressures for hoses, valves, pipes, filters, and other fittings shall not be exceeded.
(e) Powder-actuated tools.
(1) Only employees who have been trained in the operation of the particular tool in use shall be allowed to operate a powder-actuated tool. STEP/SAVE (2) The tool shall be tested each day before loading to see that safety devices are in proper working condition. The method of testing shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended procedure. (3) Any tool found not in proper working order, or that develops a defect during use, shall be immediately removed from service and not used until properly repaired. (4) Personal protective equipment shall be in accordance with Subpart E of this part. (5) Tools shall not be loaded until just prior to the intended firing time. Neither loaded nor empty tools are to be pointed at any employees. Hands shall be kept clear of the open barrel end. STD 1-13.2A (6) Loaded tools shall not be left unattended. STEP/SAVE (7) Fasteners shall not be driven into very hard or brittle materials including, but not limited to, cast iron, glazed tile, surface-hardened steel, glass block, live rock, face brick, or hollow tile.
(8) Driving into materials easily penetrated shall be avoided unless such materials are backed by a substance that will prevent the pin or fastener from passing completely through and creating a flying missile hazard on the other side.
(9) No fastener shall be driven into a spalled area caused by an unsatisfactory fastening.
(10) Tools shall not be used in an explosive or flammable atmosphere.
(11) All tools shall be used with the correct shield, guard, or attachment recommended by the manufacturer.
(12) Powder-actuated tools used by employees shall meet all other applicable requirements of American National Standards Institute, A10.3-1970, Safety Requirements for Explosive-Actuated Fastening Tools. STEP/SAVE
[53 FR 36009, Sept. 16, 1988]
1926.303 Abrasive wheels and tools.
(a) Power. All grinding machines shall be supplied with sufficient power to maintain the spindle speed at safe levels under all conditions of normal operation.
(b) Guarding. Grinding machines shall be equipped with safety guards in conformance with the requirements of American National Standards Institute, B7.1-1970, Safety Code for the Use, Care and Protection of Abrasive Wheels, and paragraph (d) of this section. STEP/SAVE
(c) Use of abrasive wheels.
(1) Floor stand and bench mounted abrasive wheels, used for external grinding, shall be provided with safety guards (protection hoods). The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides shall be not more than 90 deg, except that when work requires contact with the wheel below the horizontal plane of the spindle, the angular exposure shall not exceed 125 deg. In either case, the exposure shall begin not more than 65 deg. above the horizontal plane of the spindle. Safety guards shall be strong enough to withstand the effect of a bursting wheel. STEP/SAVE
(2) Floor and bench-mounted grinders shall be provided with work rests which are rigidly supported and readily adjustable. Such work rests shall be kept at a distance not to exceed one-eighth inch from the surface of the wheel. STEP/SAVE
(3) Cup type wheels used for external grinding shall be protected by either a revolving cup guard or a band type guard in accordance with the provisions of the American National Standards Institute, B7.1-1970 Safety Code for the Use, Care, and Protection of Abrasive Wheels. All other portable abrasive wheels used for external grinding, shall be provided with safety guards (protection hoods) meeting the requirements of paragraph (c)(5) of this section, except as follows: STEP/SAVE
(i) When the work location makes it impossible, a wheel equipped with safety flanges, as described in paragraph (c)(6) of this section, shall be used; (ii) When wheels 2 inches or less in diameter which are securely mounted on the end of a steel mandrel are used.
(4) Portable abrasive wheels used for internal grinding shall be provided with safety flanges (protection flanges) meeting the requirements of paragraph (c)(6) of this section, except as follows:
(i) When wheels 2 inches or less in diameter which are securely mounted on the end of a steel mandrel are used; (ii) If the wheel is entirely within the work being ground while in use.
(5) When safety guards are required, they shall be so mounted as to maintain proper alignment with the wheel, and the guard and its fastenings shall be of sufficient strength to retain fragments of the wheel in case of accidental breakage. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides shall not exceed 180 deg.
(6) When safety flanges are required, they shall be used only with wheels designed to fit the flanges. Only safety flanges, of a type and design and properly assembled so as to ensure that the pieces of the wheel will be retained in case of accidental breakage, shall be used.
(7) All abrasive wheels shall be closely inspected and ring-tested before mounting to ensure that they are free from cracks or defects.
(8) Grinding wheels shall fit freely on the spindle and shall not be forced on. The spindle nut shall be tightened only enough to hold the wheel in place.
(9) All employees using abrasive wheels shall be protected by eye protection equipment in accordance with the requirements of Subpart E of this part, except when adequate eye protection is afforded by eye shields which are permanently attached to the bench or floor stand.
(d) Other requirements. All abrasive wheels and tools used by employees shall meet other applicable requirements of American National Standards Institute, B7.1-1970, Safety Code for the Use, Care and
(a) Disconnect switches. All fixed power driven woodworking tools shall be provided with a disconnect switch that can either be locked or tagged in the off position. STEP/SAVE
(b) Speeds. The operating speed shall be etched or otherwise permanently marked on all circular saws over 20 inches in diameter or operating at over 10,000 peripheral feet per minute. Any saw so marked shall not be operated at a speed other than that marked on the blade. When a marked saw is retensioned for a different speed, the marking shall be corrected to show the new speed.
(c) Self-feed. Automatic feeding devices shall be installed on machines whenever the nature of the work will permit. Feeder attachments shall have the feed rolls or other moving parts covered or guarded so as to protect the operator from hazardous points.
(d) Guarding. All portable, power-driven circular saws shall be equipped with guards above and below the base plate or shoe. The upper guard shall cover the saw to the depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc required to permit the base to be tilted for bevel cuts. The lower guard shall cover the saw to the depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc required to allow proper retraction and contact with the work. When the tool is withdrawn from the work, the lower guard shall automatically and instantly return to the covering position. STEP/SAVE
(e) Personal protective equipment. All personal protective equipment provided for use shall conform to Subpart E of this part.
(f) Other requirements. All woodworking tools and machinery shall meet other applicable requirements of American National Standards Institute, 01.1-1961, Safety Code for Woodworking Machinery. STD 1-13.4 STEP/SAVE
(a) General requirements.
(1) The manufacturer's rated capacity shall be legibly marked on all jacks and shall not be exceeded.
(2) All jacks shall have a positive stop to prevent overtravel.
(c) Blocking. When it is necessary to provide a firm foundation, the base of the jack shall be blocked or cribbed. Where there is a possibility of slippage of the metal cap of the jack, a wood block shall be placed between the cap and the load.
The following requirements from 29 CFR Part 1910 (General Industry) have been identified as applicable to construction (29 CFR 1926.305, Jacks- lever and ratchet, screw, and hydraulic) 1910.244 (Other portable tools and equipment.
(a) Jacks. * * *
(2) Operation and maintenance. * * *
(iii) After the load has been raised, it shall be
cribber, blocked, or otherwise secured at once.
(iv) Hydraulic jacks exposed to freezing temperatures shall be supplied with an adequate antifreeze liquid. (v) All jacks shall be properly lubricated at regular intervals.
(vi) Each jack shall be thoroughly inspected at times
which depend upon the service conditions. Inspections shall be not less frequent than the following:
(A) For constant or intermittent use at one locality, once every 6 months.
(B) For jacks sent out of shop for special work, when sent out and when returned.
(C) For a jack subjected to abnormal load or shock, immediately before and immediately thereafter.
(vii) Repair or replacement parts shall be examined for possible defects.
(viii) Jacks which are out of order shall be tagged accordingly, and shall not be used until repairs are made.