TMEP App. D
Foreign Entity Appendix
Published Jul 1, 2022United States Patent and Trademark Office
This table lists common abbreviations for entity designations used by various foreign countries to identify legal commercial entities. The appendix also includes a description of the foreign designation and, in some cases, the equivalent United States entity. See TMEP §803.03(i) for further information.
Note re Canada: Canadian entities may be organized under either national or provincial laws. Therefore, if the applicant is organized under the laws of a Canadian province, entity designations such as "corporation of Ontario," "corporation of Quebec," "company of British Columbia," etc. are acceptable. Id.
| Abbr. | Country | Description |
|---|---|---|
| A. en P. | Mexico | Asociación en Participación. Joint venture. |
| AB | Sweden | Aktiebolag. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| A.C. | Mexico | Asociación Civil. Civil Association of a non-commercial nature. |
| ACE | Portugal | Agrupamento Complementar de Empresas. Association of businesses. |
| AD | Bulgaria | Aktsionerno Druzhestvo. Limited Liability Company. |
| AE | Greece | Anonymos Etairia. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| AG | Austria | Aktiengesellschaft. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| AG | Germany | Aktiengesellschaft. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| AG | Switzerland | Aktiengesellschaft. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| AL | Norway | Andelslag. Cooperative society. |
| AmbA | Denmark | Andelsselskab. Limited Liability Cooperative. |
| ANS | Norway | Ansvarlig selskap. Trading partnership. |
| Anstalt | Liechtenstein | Anstalt. Establishment having attributes of a trust and a corporation. |
| Apb | Sweden | Publikt Aktiebolag. Public Stock Corporation. |
| ApS | Denmark | Anpartsselskab. Private Limited Company. |
| ApS & Co. K/S | Denmark | Similar to a general partnership, but the entity with unlimited liability is a company (ApS) instead of an individual. |
| AS | Norway | Aksjeselskap. Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| A/S | Denmark | Aktieselskab. Public limited company. |
| A.S. | Czech Republic | Akciova Spolecnost. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| A.S. | Estonia | Aktsiaselts. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| A.S. | Slovakia | Akciova Spolecnost. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| A.S. | Turkey | Anonim Sirketi. Joint Stock Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| ASA | Norway | Allmennaksjeselskap. Public stock corporation. |
| Association/ Associazione | Switzerland/France/Italy | Association. |
| AVV | Aruba | Aruba Vrijgestelde Vennootschap. Aruba Exempt Company. |
| BM or B.M. | Israel | Be'eravon Mugbal. Limited Company. |
| BK or CC | South Africa | Beslote Korporasie. Close Corporation. |
| Bt | Hungary | Betiti társaság. Limited Liability Partnership. |
| B.V. | Belgium | Besloten Vennootschap. Limited Liability Company. |
| B.V. | Netherlands | Besloten Vennootschap. Limited Liability Company. |
| B.V. | Netherlands Antilles | Besloten Vennootschap. Limited Liability Company. |
| BVBA | Belgium | Besloten Vennootschap met Beperkte Aansprakelijkheid. Flemish language equivalent of the SPRL -- means that the company is a private limited company. |
| CA | Ecuador | Compania Anonima. Public Limited Company. |
| c.c.c. | Wales | Cwmni Cyfyngedig Cyhoeddus. Public Limited Company, Welsh language equivalent to PLC. |
| Co. | Commonwealth countries | Company. Acceptable to identify entities that are equivalent or analogous to United States corporations or associations. |
| C.V. | Netherlands | Commanditaire Vennootschap. Limited Partnership. |
| CVA | Belgium | Commanditaire Vennootschap op Aandelen. Limited partnership, with shares. Flemish language equivalent to the French language SCA. |
| CVoA | Netherlands | Commanditaire Vennootschap op Andelen. Limited Partnership, with shares. |
| Cyf. | Wales | Cyfyngedig. Private Limited Company, Welsh language equivalent to Ltd. |
| DA | Norway | Selskap med delt ansar. Limited Partnership. |
| d.d. | Croatia | Dionicko Drustvo. Joint stock company. |
| d.d. | Slovenia | Delniska Druzba. Stock company |
| DI | Italy/Switzerland | Ditta individuale. Sole Proprietorship. |
| d.n.o. | Slovenia | Druzba z neomejeno odgovornostjo. Partnership, all partners have unlimited liability. |
| d.o.o. | Croatia | Drustvo s Ogranicenom Odgovornoscu. Limited Liability Company. |
| d.o.o. | Slovenia | Druzba z Omejeno Odgovornostjo. Limited Liability Company. |
| EE | Greece | Eterrorrythmos. Limited liability partnership. |
| EEG | Austria | Eingetragene Erwerbsgesellschaft. Professional Partnership. |
| EIRL | Peru | Empresa Individual de Responsabilidad Limitada. Personal business with limited liability. |
| EG | Switzerland | Einfache Gesellschaft. Simple Partnership. |
| ELP | Bahamas | Exempted Limited Partnership. Has one or more limited partners, and one general partner, which must be a resident of the Bahamas or a company incorporated in the Bahamas. |
| EOOD | Bulgaria | Ednolichno Druzhestvo s Ogranichena Otgovornost. Limited liability company. |
| EPE | Greece | Etairia periorismenis efthinis. Limited liability company. |
| EURL | France | Entreprise Unipersonnelle à Responsabilité Limitée. Incorporated sole proprietorship with limited liability. |
| e.V. | Germany | Eingetragener Verein. Non-profit society/association. |
| Einzelfirma | Germany/Switzerland | Einzelfirma. Sole Proprietorship. |
| Fondation/ Fondazione | Switzerland/France/Italy | Foundation. Foundation having some attributes of a corporation. |
| GbR | Germany | Gesellschaft burgerlichen Rechts. Partnership without a legal name. |
| GCV | Belgium | Gewone Commanditaire Vennootschap. Limited Partnership. Flemish language equivalent to the French language SCS. |
| G.K. | Japan | Godo kaisha or Godokaisha. A variant of the American limited liability company. |
| Gen | Switzerland | Genossenschaft. Cooperative Society. |
| GesBR | Austria | Bürgerlich rechtliche Erwerbsgesellschaft. Joint venture. |
| GesmbH | Austria | Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung. Limited Liability Company. This abbreviation is only used in Austria (not Germany or Switzerland). |
| GIE | France | Groupement d'intéret économique. Economic Grouping of Interest. Two or more persons or entities form an alliance with the goal of facilitating or developing economic activity of the members. |
| GmbH & Co. KG | Germany | Limited partnership in which, typically, the sole general partner is a limited liability company. |
| GmbH | Austria | Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung. Limited Liability Company. |
| GmbH | Germany | Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung. Limited Liability Company. |
| GmbH | Switzerland | Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung. Limited Liability Company. |
| GMK | Japan | Gomei Kaisha. Similar to an American general partnership. |
| GSK | Japan | Goshi Kaisha or Goshikaisha. Similar to an American limited partnership. |
| HB | Sweden | Handelsbolag. Trading Partnership. |
| hf | Iceland | Hlutafelag. Limited liability company. |
| I/S | Denmark | Interessentskab. General partnership. |
| JSC | China (except Macau and Hong Kong) | Joint stock company or company limited by shares. |
| j.t.d. | Croatia | Javno Trgovacko Drustvo. Unlimited liability company. |
| KA/S | Denmark | Kommanditaktieselskab. Limited partnership with share capital. |
| Kb | Sweden | Kommanditbolag. Limited partnership. |
| KD | Bulgaria | Komanditno Drushestwo. Partnership. |
| k.d. | Croatia | Komanditno Drustvo. Limited Partnership. |
| k.d. | Slovenia | Komanditna Druzba. Limited Partnership |
| KDA | Bulgaria | Komanditno drushestwo s akzii. Partnership with shares. |
| k.d.d. | Slovenia | Komanditna delniska druzba. Limited Partnership with shares. |
| KEG | Austria | Kommanditerwerbsgesellschaft. Limited Registered Partnership. |
| Kft | Hungary | Korlátolt Felelősségű Társaság. Limited liability company. |
| KG | Austria | Kommanditgesellschaft. A limited partnership under a legal name whose entity survives even though the partners might change. |
| KG | Germany | Kommanditgesellschaft. A limited partnership under a legal name whose entity survives even though the partners might change. |
| KG | Switzerland | Kommanditgesellschaft. A limited partnership under a legal name whose entity survives even though the partners might change. |
| KGaA | Germany | Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien. Limited partnership with shares. |
| K.K. | Japan | Kabushiki Kaisha. Joint Stock Company. |
| Kkt | Hungary | Közkereseti Társaság. General Partnership. |
| KolG | Switzerland | Kollektivgesellschaft. General Partnership. |
| Kol. SrK | Turkey | Kollektiv Sirket. Unlimited liability partnership. |
| Kom. SrK | Turkey | Komandit Sirket. Limited liability partnership. |
| KommAG | Switzerland | Kommanditaktiengesellschaft.Partnership limited by shares. |
| k.s. | Czech Republic | Komanditni Spolecnost. Limited partnership. |
| K/S | Denmark | Kommanditselskab. Limited partnership. |
| KS | Norway | Kommandittselskap. Limited partnership. |
| Kv | Hungary | Közös vállalat. Joint Venture. |
| Ky | Finland | Kommandiittiyhtiö. Limited Partnership. |
| L.D.A. | China (Macau) | Limited liability company by quotas. |
| L.D.A. | Macau | Limited liability company by quotas. |
| Lda | Portugal | Sociedade por Quotas Limitada. Similar to an American Limited Liability Company. |
| LDC | Bahamas | Limited Duration Company. A company, but it has a life of 30 years or less. |
| Ltd. | Commonwealth countries; China (sometimes appears as Co., Ltd.); Republic of Korea (South Korea) | Limited Company or Limited Liability Company. A company in which the liability of the shareholders is limited. |
| Ltda | Brazil | Sociedade por Quotas de Responsabilidade Limitada. Similar to a limited liability company. |
| NV | Netherlands | Naamloze Vennootschap. Public limited liability company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| NV | Belgium | Naamloze Vennootschap. Public limited liability company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| NV | Netherlands Antilles | Naamloze Vennootschap. Public limited liability company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| NV | Suriname | Naamloze Vennootschap. Public limited liability company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| OE | Greece | Omorrythmos. Partnership. |
| OEG | Austria | Offene Erwerbsgesellschaft. Open Trading Partnership, General Registered Partnership or General Professional Partnership. |
| OHG | Austria | Offene Handelsgesellschaft. Partnership. |
| OHG | Germany | Offene Handelsgesellschaft. Partnership. |
| OOD | Bulgaria | Druzhestvo s Ogranichena Otgovornost. Limited Liability Company. |
| OAO | Russian Federation | Otkrytoe Aktsionernoe Obshchestvo. Joint Stock Company. |
| OOO | Russian Federation | Obschestvo s ogranichennoy otveststvennostyu. Limited Liability Company. |
| OÜ | Estonia | Osaühing. Private limited liability company. |
| Oy | Finland | Osakeyhtiö. Private limited company. |
| Oyj | Finland | Julkinen osakeyhtiö. Public limited company. |
| P/L or Pty. Ltd. | Australia | Proprietary Limited Company. |
| PC Ltd | Australia | Public Company Limited by Shares. |
| PLC | UK & Ireland | Public Limited Company. |
| PMA | Indonesia | Penanaman Modal Asing. Foreign joint venture company. |
| PMDN | Indonesia | Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri. Domestic Capital investment company. |
| PrC | Ireland | Private Company limited by shares. |
| Prp. Ltd. | Botswana | Private company limited by shares. |
| PT | Indonesia | Perseroan Terbuka. Limited company. |
| PT Tbk | Indonesia | Perseroan Terbatas, Terbuka. Stock corporation. |
| Pty. | Australia | Proprietary Company. |
| RI | Switzerland | Raison individuelle. Sole Proprietorship. |
| RAS | Estonia | Riiklik Aktsiaselts. State (owned) Joint Stock company. |
| Rt | Hungary | Részvénytársaság. Stock Company. |
| S. de R.L. | Mexico | Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada. Limited Liability Company. |
| S. en C. | Colombia & Peru | Sociedad en Comandita. Limited Partnership. |
| S. en N.C. | Mexico | Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo. General Partnership. |
| S/A | Brazil | Sociedade Anônima. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Argentina | Sociedad Anonima. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Belgium | Société Anonyme. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| S.A. | China (Macau) | Limited liability company by shares. |
| SA | France | Société Anonyme. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Ivory Coast | Société Anonyme. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Luxembourg | Société Anonyme. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| S.A. | Macau | Limited liability company by shares. |
| SA | Mexico | Sociedad Anónima. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Morocco | Société Anonyme. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Poland | Spółka Akcyjna. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Portugal | Sociedad Anónima. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Romania | Societate pe actiuni. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Spain | Sociedad Anonima. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SA | Switzerland | Société anonyme or Società anonima. Joint stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| S.A. | Brazil | Sociedade por Ações. Privately-held company. |
| SA de CV | Mexico | Sociedad Anonima. Joint stock company, with variable capital, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SAFI | Uruguay | Sociedad Anonima Financiera de Inversion. Offshore company. |
| Sagl | Switzerland | Società a garanzia limitata. Limited Liability Company. |
| S.A.I.C.A. | Venezuela | Sociedad Anónima Inscrita de Capital Abierto. Open Capital Company . |
| SApA | Italy/Switzerland | Societa in Accomandita per Azioni. Partnership limited by shares. |
| Sarl | France | Société à responsabilité limitée. Limited Liability Company. |
| Sarl | Luxembourg | Société à Responsabilité Limitée. Limited Liability Company. |
| Sàrl or SARL | Switzerland | Société à responsabilité limitée. Limited Liability Company. |
| SAS | France | Société par Actions Simplifiée. Simplified Joint Stock Company, similar to a limited liability company. Note that " societe par actions" by itself is not an official French entity designation. |
| SAS | Italy | Societá in Accomandita Semplice. Limited Partnership. |
| S.C. | China (Macau) | Mixed liability company by shares. |
| SC | France/Switzerland | Société en commandite. Partnership with limited and general partners. |
| SC | France | Société civile. Partnership with full liability. |
| S.C. | Macau | Mixed liability company by shares. |
| SC | Poland | Spólka prawa cywilnego. Partnership with all partners having unlimited liability. |
| SC | Italy/Switzerland | Societa cooperativa. Cooperative society. This type of entity may be incorporated with either limited or unlimited liability. |
| S.C. | Spain | Sociedad en Commandita. General Partnership. |
| SC par action | Switzerland | Société en commandite par actions. Partnership limited by shares. |
| S.C.A. | China (Macau) | Mixed liability company by shares. |
| SCA | France/Belgium/ Switzerland | Société en commandite par actions. Limited partnership with share capital, occupies a position between a limited partnership and a corporation. |
| S.C.A. | Macau | Mixed liability company by shares. |
| SCA | Romania | Societate in còmandita pe actiuni. Limited liability partnership with shares. |
| SCOP | France | Société cooperative et participative. Cooperative society. This type of entity may be incorporated with either limited or unlimited liability. |
| Scoop | Switzerland | Société cooperative or Società cooperativa. Cooperative society. |
| SCP | Brazil | Sociedade em Conta de Participacão. Partnership where there is one partner assumed responsible for running the business. |
| SCS | Belgium & France | Société en Commandite Simple. A special partnership very similar to an American limited partnership |
| S.C.S. | Brazil | Sociedade em Comandita Simples. Limited Partnership. |
| SCS | Mexico | Sociedad en Comandita Simple. Limited Partnership. |
| SCS | Romania | Societate in comandita simpla. Limited liability partnership. |
| Sdn Bhd | Malaysia | Sendirian Berhad. Limited Liability Company. |
| SE | European Union | Societas Europae. European Company. A Public Limited Company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| SENC | Luxembourg | Société en Nom Collectif. General Partnership. |
| SGPS | Portugal | Sociedade gestora de participações socialis. Holding Enterprise. |
| SK | Poland | Spólka komandytowa. Limited liability partnership. |
| SL | Spain | Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada. Limited liability company, may be identified as a joint stock company with limited liability. |
| SLNE | Spain | Sociedad Limitada Nueva Empresa. Limited Liability New Business, a modified Limited Liability Company. |
| SLU | Spain | Sociedad Limitada Unipersonal. Limited liability company with one shareholder. |
| S.N.C. | China (Macau) | Unlimited liability company with two or more owners. |
| SNC | France/Switzerland | Société en nom collectif. General Partnership. |
| SNC | Italy/Switzerland | Società in Nome Collettivo. General Partnership. |
| S.N.C. | Macau | Unlimited liability company with two or more owners. |
| SNC | Romania | Societate in Nume Colectiv. General Partnership. |
| SNC | Spain | Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo. General Partnership. |
| SOPARFI | Luxembourg | Société de Participation Financière. Holding company. |
| SP | France | Société en participation. Undisclosed partnership. |
| SpA | Italy | Società per Azioni. Limited share company, or joint-stock company, equivalent to a corporation. |
| spol s.r.o. | Czech Republic | Spolecnost S Rucenim Omezenym. Limited Liability Company. |
| SPRL | Belgium | Société Privée à Responsabilité Limitée. French language equivalent to a private limited liability company. |
| SRC | Spain | Sociedad Regular Colectiva. A regular collective company, similar to a partnership. |
| Sp. z.o.o. | Poland | Spólka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia. Limited liability company, privately-held. |
| Srl | Chile | Sociedad de responsabilidad limitada. Limited Liability company. |
| Srl | Italy | Società a Responsabilità Limitata. Limited liability (joint stock) company. |
| Srl | Romania | Societate cu Raspundere Limitata. Limited-liability company, privately-held. |
| SS | Italy/Switzerland | Società Semplice. Simple Partnership. |
| SS | Switzerland | Société Simple. Simple Partnership |
| Stiftung | Germany/Switzerland | Stiftung. Foundation having some attributes of a corporation. |
| Stiftung | Liechtenstein | Stiftung. Trust. |
| td | Slovenia | Tiha druzba. Sole proprietorship. |
| TLS | Turkey | Türk Limited Şirketi. Private Limited Liability Company. |
| UG (haftungsbeschränkt) | Germany | Unternehmergesellschaft (haftungsbeschränkt). Limited Liability Company. |
| Verein | Switzerland | Verein. Association. |
| VOF | Netherlands | Vennootschap onder firma. General partnership. |
| v.o.s. | Czech Rep | Verejna Obchodni Spolecnost. General partnership. |
| YK | Japan | Yugen Kaisha. Limited company, similar to an American closely held corporation. Abolished in 2006 and replaced with the Godo Kaisha. |
| Yuhan Hoesa | Republic of Korea (South Korea) | Yuhan Hoesa. Equivalent to a limited liability company; may also be identified as a limited company or private limited company. |