PURPOSE: This rule specifies equipment, operating procedures and training requirements for the reduction of volatile organic compound emissions from solvent metal cleaning operations in the St. Louis metropolitan area.

1. (1) Application.

   1. (A) This rule shall apply throughout the city of St. Louis and St. Charles, St. Louis, Jefferson and Franklin Counties.
   2. (B) This rule shall apply to all installations that emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from solvent metal cleaning or degreasing operations.
   3. (C) This rule applies to all processes which use cold cleaners, open-top vapor degreasers or conveyorized degreasers, using nonaqueous solvents to clean and remove soils from metal surfaces.
2. (2) Definitions of certain terms specified in this rule may be found in 10 CSR 10-6.020.

3. (3) General Provisions.

   1. (A) No person shall cause or allow solvent metal cleaning or degreasing operations—

      1. 1. Without adhering to operating proce-

dures as contained in this rule and to recommendations by the equipment manufacturer;

1. 2. Without the minimum operator and

supervisor training as specified in this rule; and

1. 3. Unless the equipment conforms to the

specifications listed in this rule.

1. (B) The owner or operator of a solvent metal cleaning or degreasing operation shall keep monthly inventory records of solvent types and amounts purchased and solvent consumption for a period of two (2) years. These records shall include all types and amounts of solvent containing waste material transferred to either a contract reclamation service or to a disposal facility and all amounts distilled on the premises. The records also shall include maintenance and repair logs for both the degreaser and any associated control equipment. The director may require further recordkeeping if necessary to adequately demonstrate compliance with this rule. All these records shall be made available to the director upon his/her request.

1. (4) Equipment Specifications.

   1. (A) Cold Cleaners.

      1. 1. After September 30, 1998—

         1. A. No owner or operator shall allow

the operation of any cold cleaner using a cold cleaning solvent with a vapor pressure greater than 2.0 millimeters of Mercury (mmHg) (0.038 pounds per square inch (psi)) at twenty degrees Celsius (20°C) (sixty-eight degrees Fahrenheit (68°F)) unless the cold cleaner is used for carburetor cleaning;

1. B. No supplier of cold cleaning sol-

vents shall sell or offer for sale any cold cleaning solvent with a vapor pressure greater than 2.0 mmHg (0.038 psi) at 20°C (68°F) for use within the city of St. Louis and St. Charles, St. Louis, Jefferson and Franklin Counties unless the cold cleaning solvent is used for carburetor cleaning;

1. C. No owner or operator shall allow

the operation of any cold cleaner using a cold cleaning solvent for the purpose of carburetor cleaning with a vapor pressure greater than 7.0 mmHg (0.133 psi) at 20°C (68°F); and

1. D. No supplier of cold cleaning sol-

vents shall sell or offer for sale any cold cleaning solvent for the purpose of carburetor cleaning with a vapor pressure greater than 7.0 mmHg (0.133 psi) at 20°C (68°F) for use within the city of St. Louis and St. Charles, St. Louis, Jefferson and Franklin Counties.

1. 2. After April 1, 2001—

   1. A. No owner or operator shall oper-

ate or allow the operation of any cold cleaner using a cold cleaning solvent with a vapor pressure greater than 1.0 mmHg (0.019 psi) at 20°C (68°F) unless the cold cleaner is used for carburetor cleaning;

1. B. No supplier of cold cleaning sol-

vents shall sell or offer for sale any cold cleaning solvent with a vapor pressure greater than 1.0 mmHg (0.019 psi) at 20°C (68°F) for use within the city of St. Louis and St. Charles, St. Louis, Jefferson and Franklin Counties unless the cold cleaning solvent is used for carburetor cleaning;

1. C. No owner or operator shall allow

the operation of any cold cleaner using a cold cleaning solvent for the purpose of carburetor cleaning with a vapor pressure greater than 5.0 mmHg (0.095 psi) at 20°C (68°F); and

1. D. No supplier of cold cleaning sol-

vents shall sell or offer for sale any cold cleaning solvent for the purpose of carburetor cleaning with a vapor pressure greater than 5.0 mmHg (0.095 psi) at 20°C (68°F) for use within the city of St. Louis and St. Charles, St. Louis, Jefferson and Franklin Counties.

1. 3. Exemptions.

   1. A. Sales of cold cleaning solvents in

quantities of five (5) gallons or less shall be exempt from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.B., (4)(A)1.D., (4)(A)2.B. and (4)(A)2.D.

1. B. The cleaning of electronic compo-

nents shall be exempt from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A. and (4)(A)2.A. For purposes of this rule, electronic components means all portions of an electronic assembly, including, but not limited to, circuit board assemblies, printed wire assemblies, printed circuit boards, soldered joints, ground wires, bus bars, and associated electronic component manufacturing equipment such as screens and filters.

1. C. Solvent cleaning operations which

meet the emission control requirements of 10 CSR 10-5.330, 10 CSR 10-5.340 and 10 CSR 10-5.442 shall be exempt from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A. and (4)(A)2.A.

1. D. Cold cleaners using aqueous sol-

vents shall be exempt from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A., (4)(A)1.C., (4)(A)2.C. and (4)(A)2.A. For the purposes of this rule an aqueous solvent shall be any solvent consisting of sixty percent (60%) or more by volume water with a flashpoint greater than 93°C and is miscible with water.

1. E. Cold cleaners using solvents regu-

lated under any federal National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A., (4)(A)1.C., (4)(A)2.C. and (4)(A)2.A.

1. F. Any cold cleaner with a liquid sur-

face area of one (1) square foot or less or a maximum capacity of one (1) gallon or less from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A. and (4)(A)2.A.

1. G. The cleaning of medical and opti-

cal devices shall be exempt from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A. and (4)(A)2.A. For the purposes of this rule a medical device is an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in Specific to the St. Louis Metropolitan Area

vitro reagent or other similar article, including any component or accessory that meets one (1) of the following conditions:

1. (I) It is intended for use in the diag-

nosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease; or

1. (II) It is intended to affect the

structure or any function of the body; or

1. (III) It is defined in the National

Formulary or the United States Pharmacopeia, or any supplement to them.

1. H. Air-tight or airless cleaning sys-

tems shall be exempt from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A. and (4)(A)2.A. if the following requirements are met. For purposes of this rule “airless cleaning system” is a degreasing machine that is automatically operated and seals at a differential pressure of 25 torr or less, prior to the introduction of solvent vapor into the cleaning chamber and maintains differential pressure under vacuum during all cleaning and drying cycles. For purposes of this rule “air-tight cleaning system” is a degreasing machine that is automatically operated and seals at a differential pressure no greater than 0.5 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) during all cleaning and drying cycles.

1. (I) The equipment is operated in

accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and operated with a door or other pressure sealing apparatus that is in place during all cleaning and drying cycles.

1. (II) All waste solvents are stored in

properly identified and sealed containers. All associated pressure relief devices shall not allow liquid solvents to drain out.

1. (III) Spills during solvent transfer

shall be wiped up immediately and the used wipe rags shall be stored in closed containers.

1. (IV) A differential pressure gauge

shall be installed to indicate the sealed chamber pressure.

1. I. Janitorial and institutional cleaning

shall be exempt from the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A. and (4)(A)2.A.

1. 4. An owner or operator of a cold clean-

er may use an alternate method for reducing cold cleaning emissions if the owner or operator shows the level of emission control is equivalent to or greater than the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A., (4)(A)1.C., (4)(A)2.A. and (4)(A)2.C. This alternate method must be approved by the director.

1. 5. Each cold cleaner shall have a cover

which will prevent the escape of solvent vapors from the solvent bath while in the closed position or an enclosed reservoir which will limit the escape of solvent vapors from the solvent bath whenever parts are not being processed in the cleaner.

1. 6. When one (1) or more of the follow-

ing conditions exist, the design of the cover shall be such that it can be easily operated with one (1) hand and without disturbing the solvent vapors in the tank. (For covers larger than ten (10) square feet, this shall be accomplished by either mechanical assistance such as spring loading or counter weighing or by power systems):

1. A. The solvent volatility is greater

than 0.3 psi measured at one hundred degrees Fahrenheit (100°F), such as in mineral spirits;

1. B. The solvent is agitated; or
2. C. The solvent is heated.
3. 7. Each cold cleaner shall have a

drainage facility which will be internal so that parts are enclosed under the cover while draining.

1. 8. If an internal drainage facility cannot

fit into the cleaning system and the solvent volatility is less than 0.6 psi measured at one hundred degrees Fahrenheit (100°F), then the cold cleaner shall have an external drainage facility which provides for the solvent to drain back into the solvent bath.

1. 9. Solvent sprays, if used, shall be a sol-

id fluid stream (not a fine, atomized or shower-type spray) and at a pressure which does not cause splashing above or beyond the freeboard.

1. 10. A permanent conspicuous label

summarizing the operating procedures shall be affixed to the equipment.

1. 11. Any cold cleaner which uses a sol-

vent that has a solvent volatility greater than 0.6 psi measured at one hundred degrees Fahrenheit (100°F) or heated above one hundred twenty degrees Fahrenheit (120°F) must use one (1) of the following control devices:

1. A. A freeboard ratio of at least 0.75;
2. B. Water cover (solvent must be insol-

uble in and heavier than water); or

1. C. Other control systems with a mass

balance demonstrated overall VOC emissions reduction efficiency greater than or equal to sixty-five percent (65%). These control systems must receive approval from the director prior to their use.

1. 12. Record keeping.

   1. A. After September 30, 1998, all per-

sons subject to the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.A., (4)(A)1.C., (4)(A)2.A., and (4)(A)2.C. of this rule shall maintain records which include for each purchase of cold cleaning solvent:

1. (I) The name and address of the

solvent supplier;

1. (II) The date of purchase;
2. (III) The type of solvent; and
3. (IV) The vapor pressure of the sol-

vent in mmHg at 20°C (68°F). 10 CSR 10-5

1. B. After September 30, 1998, all per-

sons subject to the requirements of subparagraphs (4)(A)1.B., (4)(A)1.D., (4)(A)2.B., and (4)(A)2.D. of this rule shall maintain records which include for each sale of cold cleaning solvent:

1. (I) The name and address of the

solvent purchaser;

1. (II) The date of sale;
2. (III) The type of solvent;
3. (IV) The unit volume of solvent;
4. (V) The total volume of solvent;

and

1. (VI) The vapor pressure of the sol-

vent measured in mmHg at 20°C (68°F).

1. C. All records required under para-

graph (4)(A)12. shall be retained for two (2) years and shall be made available to the director upon request.

1. (B) Open-Top Vapor Degreasers.

   1. 1. Each open-top vapor degreaser shall

have a cover which will prevent the escape of solvent vapors from the degreaser while in the closed position and shall be designed to open and close easily with one (1) hand and without disturbing the solvent vapors in the tank. For covers larger than ten (10) square feet, easy cover use shall be accomplished by either mechanical assistance such as spring loading or counter weighing or by power systems.

1. 2. Each open-top vapor degreaser shall

be equipped with a vapor level safety thermostat with a manual reset, which shuts off the heating source when the vapor level rises above the cooling or condensing coil or equipped with an equivalent safety device approved by the director.

1. 3. Each open-top vapor degreaser with

an air/vapor interface over ten and threefourths (10 3/4) square feet shall be equipped with at least one (1) of the following control devices:

1. A. A freeboard ratio of at least 0.75;
2. B. A refrigerated chiller;
3. C. An enclosed design (the cover or

door opens only when the dry part actually is entering or exiting the degreaser);

1. D. A carbon adsorption system with

ventilation of at least fifty (50) cubic feet per minute per square foot of air vapor area when the cover is open and exhausting less than twenty-five parts per million (25 ppm) of solvent by volume averaged over one (1) complete adsorption cycle as measured using the reference method specified at 10 CSR 10- 6.030(14)(A); or

1. E. A control system with a mass bal-

ance demonstrated overall VOC emissions reduction efficiency greater than or equal to sixty-five percent (65%) and prior approval by the director.

1. 4. A permanent conspicuous label sum-

marizing the operating procedures shall be affixed to the equipment.

1. (C) Conveyorized Degreasers.

   1. 1. Each conveyorized degreaser shall

have a drying tunnel or rotating (tumbling) basket or other means demonstrated to have equal to or better control which shall be used to prevent cleaned parts from carrying out solvent liquid or vapor.

1. 2. Each conveyorized degreaser shall

have the following safety switches or equivalent safety devices approved by the director which operate if the machine malfunctions:

1. A. A vapor level safety thermostat

with manual reset which shuts off the heating source when the vapor level rises just above the cooling or condensing coil; and

1. B. A spray safety switch, which shuts

off the spray pump if the vapor level in the spray chamber drops four inches (4”), for conveyorized degreasers utilizing a spray chamber.

1. 3. Entrances and exits shall silhouette

work loads so that the average clearance between parts and the edge of the degreaser opening is less than four inches (4”) or less than ten percent (10%) of the width of the opening.

1. 4. Covers shall be provided for closing

off the entrance and exit during hours when the degreaser is not being used.

1. 5. A permanent conspicuous label sum-

marizing the operating procedures shall be affixed to the equipment.

1. 6. If the air/vapor interface is larger than

twenty-one and one-half (21 1/2) square feet, one (1) major control device shall be required. This device shall be one (1) of the following:

1. A. A refrigerated chiller;
2. B. Carbon adsorption system with

ventilation of at least fifty (50) cubic feet per minute per square foot of the total entrance and exit areas (when downtime covers are open) and exhausting less than twenty-five (25) ppm of solvent by volume averaged over a complete adsorption cycle as measured using the reference method specified at 10 CSR 10-6.030(14)(A); or

1. C. A control system with a mass bal-

ance demonstrated VOC emissions reduction efficiency greater than or equal to sixty-five percent (65%) and prior approval by the director.

1. (5) Operating Procedures.

   1. (A) Cold Cleaners.

      1. 1. Cold cleaner covers shall be closed

whenever parts are not being handled in the cleaners or the solvent must drain into an enclosed reservoir.

1. 2. Cleaned parts shall be drained in the

freeboard area for at least fifteen (15) seconds or until dripping ceases, whichever is longer.

1. 3. Whenever a cold cleaner fails to per-

form within the operating parameters established for it by this rule, the unit shall be shut down immediately and secured. It shall remain shut down until trained service personnel are able to restore operation within the established parameters.

1. 4. Solvent leaks shall be repaired imme-

diately or the degreaser will be shut down and the leaks secured until they can be more permanently repaired.

1. 5. Any waste material removed from a

cold cleaner shall be disposed of by one (1) of the following methods or equivalent (after the director’s approval) and in accordance with 10 CSR 25, as applicable:

1. A. Reduction of the waste material to

less than twenty percent (20%) VOC solvent by distillation and disposal of the still bottom waste; or

1. B. Storage in closed containers for

transfer to—

1. (I) A contract reclamation service;

or

1. (II) A disposal facility approved by

the director.

1. 6. Waste solvent shall be stored in

closed containers only.

1. (B) Open-Top Vapor Degreasers.

   1. 1. The cover shall be kept closed at all

times except when processing work loads through the degreaser.

1. 2. Solvent carry-out shall be minimized

in the following ways:

1. A. Parts shall be racked, if practical,

to allow full drainage;

1. B. Parts shall be moved in and out of

the degreaser at less than eleven feet (11') per minute;

1. C. Work load shall remain in the

vapor zone at least thirty (30) seconds or until condensation ceases;

1. D. Pools of solvent shall be removed

from cleaned parts before removing parts from the degreaser freeboard area; and

1. E. Cleaned parts shall be allowed to

dry within the degreaser freeboard area for at least fifteen (15) seconds or until visually dry, whichever is longer.

1. 3. Porous or adsorbent materials such as

cloth, leather, wood or rope shall not be degreased.

1. 4. If work loads occupy more than half

of the degreaser’s open-top area, rate of entry and removal shall not exceed five feet (5') per minute.

1. 5. Spray shall never extend above vapor

level.

1. 6. Whenever an open-top vapor degreas-

er fails to perform within the operating parameters established for it by this rule, the unit shall be shut down immediately and secured. It shall remain shut down until trained service personnel are able to restore operation within the established parameters.

1. 7. Solvent leaks shall be repaired imme-

diately or the degreaser shall be shut down and the leaks secured until they can be more permanently repaired.

1. 8. Ventilation exhaust shall not exceed

sixty-five (65) cubic feet per minute per square foot of degreaser open area unless proof is submitted that it is necessary to meet Occupational Safety Health Administration (OSHA) requirements. Fans shall not be used near the degreaser opening.

1. 9. Water shall not be visually detectable

in solvent exiting the water separator.

1. 10. Any waste material removed from an

open-top vapor degreaser shall be disposed of by one (1) of the following methods or equivalent (after the director’s approval), and in accordance with 10 CSR 25, as applicable:

1. A. Reduction of the waste material to

less than twenty percent (20%) VOC solvent by distillation and disposal of the still bottom waste; or

1. B. Storage in closed containers for

transfer to—

1. (I) A contract reclamation service;

or

1. (II) A disposal facility approved by

the director.

1. 11. Waste solvent shall be stored in

closed containers only.

1. (C) Conveyorized Degreasers.

   1. 1. Ventilation exhaust shall not exceed

sixty-five (65) cubic feet per minute per square foot of degreaser opening unless proof is submitted that it is necessary to meet OSHA requirements. Fans shall not be used near the degreaser opening.

1. 2. Solvent carry-out shall be minimized

in the following ways:

1. A. Parts shall be racked, if practical,

to allow full drainage; and

1. B. Vertical conveyor speed shall be

maintained at less than eleven feet (11') per minute.

1. 3. Whenever a conveyorized degreaser

fails to perform within the operating parameters established for it by this rule, the unit shall be shut down immediately and secured. It shall remain shut down until trained service personnel are able to restore operation within the established parameters.

1. 4. Solvent leaks shall be repaired imme-

diately or the degreaser shall be shut down and the leaks secured until they can be more permanently repaired.

1. 5. Water shall not be visually detectable

in solvent exiting the water separator.

1. 6. Covers shall be placed over entrances

and exits immediately after conveyor and Specific to the St. Louis Metropolitan Area

exhaust are shut down and removed just before they are started up.

1. 7. Waste solvent shall be stored in

closed containers only.

1. 8. Any waste material removed from a

conveyorized degreaser shall be disposed of by one (1) of the following methods or equivalent (after the director’s approval), and in accordance with 10 CSR 25, as applicable:

1. A. Reduction of the waste material to

less than twenty percent (20%) VOC solvent by distillation and disposal of the still bottom waste; or

1. B. Storage in closed containers for

transfer to—

1. (I) A contract reclamation service;

or

1. (II) A disposal facility approved by

the director.

1. (6) Operator and Supervisor Training.

   1. (A) Only persons trained in at least the operational and equipment requirements specified in this rule for their particular solvent metal cleaning process shall be permitted to operate the equipment.
   2. (B) The supervisor of any person who operates a solvent metal cleaning process shall receive equal or greater operational training than the operator.
   3. (C) Refresher training shall be given to all solvent metal cleaning equipment operators at least once each twelve (12) months.
   4. (D) A record shall be kept of solvent metal cleaning training for each employee.

2. (7) Effective Dates of Compliance.

   1. (A) Owners or operators subject to this rule shall be in compliance with operating procedures and operator and supervisor training requirements as described in sections (5) and (6) of this rule no later than June 1, 1979.
   2. (B) Owners or operators subject to this rule shall comply with equipment specifications as described in section (4) of this rule and associated equipment operating procedures by June 11, 1980.
   3. (C) Owners or operators subject to this rule as a result of the amendment, effective March 11, 1989, shall be in compliance with operating procedures and operator and supervisor training requirements as described in sections (5) and (6) no later than September 11, 1989.
   4. (D) Owners and operators subject to this rule as a result of the amendment shall be in compliance with equipment specifications as described in section (4) by March 11, 1989, and associated equipment operating procedures by March 11, 1990.

3. (8) Exceptions.

   1. (A) Solvent metal cleaning operations using 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) or trichlorotrifluoroethane (Refrigerant 113) will be exempt from the requirements of this rule. This exemption does not relieve the owners or operators from compliance with other applicable statutes or rules of the department.
   2. (B) 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) and trichlorotrifluoroethane (Refrigerant 113) have been implicated as having deleterious effects on stratospheric ozone and, therefore, may be subject to future rules.

AUTHORITY: section 643.050, RSMo Supp. 1997.* Original rule filed Nov. 14, 1978, effective June 11, 1979. Amended: Filed Oct. 4, 1988, effective March 11, 1989. Emergency amendment filed Sept. 2, 1997, effective Jan. 1, 1998, expired June 30, 1998. Amended: Filed Sept. 22, 1997, effective May 30, 1998. *Original authority 1965, amended 1972, 1992, 1993, 1995.