PURPOSE: This regulation restricts volatile organic compound emissions from lithographic printing facilities.

Editor’s Note: The secretary of state has determined that the publication of this rule in its entirety would be unduly cumbersome or expensive. The entire text of the material referenced has been filed with the secretary of state. This material may be found at the Office of the Secretary of State or at the headquarters of the agency and is available to any interested person at a cost established by state law.

1. (1) Applicability.

   1. (A) This regulation shall apply throughout Clay, Jackson and Platte Counties.
   2. (B) This regulation shall apply to installations that have calculated actual volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions for a known number of crewed hours, increased by the amount by weight of VOCs whose emission into the atmosphere is prevented by the use of air pollution control devices and extrapolated to eight thousand seven hundred sixty (8760) hours per year to be equal to or greater than one hundred (100) tons per year from offset lithographic printing presses after December 9, 1991. To demonstrate this by formula. This regulation applies if—

[[E × (1 – C) + E] × 8760] ≥ 100 tons per year H where E = actual emissions during period of time H C = overall control efficiency of control device(s) H = number of crewed hours.

1. (C) This regulation shall not apply to—

   1. 1. Printing on fabric, metal or plastic;
   2. 2. Sheetfed lithographic presses with

cylinder widths of twenty-six inches (26") or less; or

1. 3. Web lithographic presses with cylin-

der widths of eighteen inches (18") or less.

1. (2) Definitions. Definitions of some terms specified in this regulation may be found in 10 CSR 10-6.020. Other definitions specific to this regulation are as follows:

   1. (A) Alcohol—Refers to isopropanol or isopropyl alcohol;
   2. (B) Coating—In the graphic arts industry, a layer of material that dries or cures by evaporation and is applied to a substrate over ink in a relatively unbroken film;
   3. (C) Fountain solution—The solution which is applied to the image plate to maintain the hydrophilic properties of the nonimage areas. It is primarily water containing an etchant, gum arabic and a dampening aid;
   4. (D) Heatset—A class of web-offset lithography which requires a heated dryer to evaporate the ink oils and solvents from the printing inks;
   5. (E) Lithographic printing—A printing process where a planographic plate is used with the image area oleophilic and the nonimage area hydrophilic;
   6. (F) Offset—The process that transfers an image from a plate to a rubber blanket cylinder before transfer to the substrate surface to be printed;
   7. (G) Sheetfed—Printing presses that are fed from a stack of paper sheets instead of a web. Sheetfed presses generally use coldset inks; and
   8. (H) Web—The substrate printed in a continuous roll-fed printing process.

2. (3) Emission Limits.

   1. (A) No owner or operator shall use or permit the use of any offset lithographic printing press unless—

      1. 1. The fountain solution contains ten

percent (10%) or less by weight of alcohol;

1. 2. The fountain solution is refrigerated

to a temperature of fifty-five degrees Fahrenheit (55°F) or less for alcohol-based solutions;

1. 3. The fountain solution temperature at

the mixing tank for alcohol-based solutions is monitored during each shift; and

1. 4. The fountain solution mixing tanks

are covered for alcohol-based solutions.

1. (B) No owner or operator shall use or permit the use of any offset lithographic printing press that use cleanup solvents containing VOCs unless—

   1. 1. The cleanup solvents are kept in tight-

ly covered tanks or containers during transport and storage;

1. 2. The cleaning cloths used with the

cleanup solvents are placed in tightly closed containers when not in use and while awaiting off-site transportation. The cleaning cloths should be properly cleaned and disposed of. The cloths, when properly cleaned or disposed of, are processed in a way that as much of the solvent, as practicable, is recovered for further use or destroyed. Cleaning and disposal methods shall be approved by the director; and

1. 3. An owner or operator may use an

alternate method for reducing cleanup solvent VOC emissions, including the use of low VOC cleanup solvents, if the owner or operator shows the emission reduction is equal to or greater than those in paragraphs (3)(B)1. and 2. This alternate method must be approved by the director.

1. (C) No owner or operator shall use or permit the use of any heatset web-offset lithographic printing press that uses a dryer that has ever had an actual emission rate of ten

1. (10) tons per year or more VOCs after December 9, 1991, unless one hundred percent (100%) of the dryer exhaust is ducted to a control device that achieves eighty-five percent (85%) by weight or greater control efficiency.

   1. (D) Use of emission control equipment shall require that continuous monitors be installed, calibrated, operated and maintained. The monitors continuously shall measure—

      1. 1. The exhaust gas temperature of all

VOC destruction devices and the gas temperature immediately upstream and downstream of any catalytic bed with an accuracy of plus or minus 0.75% measured in degrees Celsius, or 2.5 degrees Celsius;

1. 2. The cumulative amount of VOC

recovered during a calendar month for all VOC recovery equipment attached to a dryer with an accuracy of plus or minus two percent (∀2%); and

1. 3. Any other parameters considered nec-

essary by the director to verify proper operation of emission control equipment.

1. (4) Recordkeeping.

   1. (A) All persons subject to this regulation shall maintain records as required by this section sufficient to determine continuous compliance with this regulation. These records shall be kept for at least two (2) years. These records shall be available immediately upon request for review by Department of Natural Resources personnel and other air pollution control agencies with proper authority.
   2. (B) All persons subject to subsection (3)(C) shall maintain records for each control device sufficient to demonstrate that the control efficiency is being maintained.

   3. (C) For each regulated printing press, records shall be maintained to show—

      1. 1. Quantity of alcohol added to the foun-

tain solution of each regulated press in pounds each month;

1. 2. Percent of alcohol in fountain solution

by weight as monitored on a once per shift basis;

1. 3. Results of any testing conducted on an

emission unit at a regulated facility;

1. 4. Maintenance records of any air pollu-

tion control equipment; and

1. 5. The temperature of alcohol-based

fountain solution as recorded on a once per shift basis.

1. (D) For each lithographic installation subject to this regulation, records shall be maintained to show—

   1. 1. Properties of heatset inks as applied

(determined by the manufacturer’s formulation data), density of inks in pounds per gallon, and total VOC content in weight percent;

1. 2. Quantity of heatset inks as applied to

substrate in pounds on a monthly basis;

1. 3. Quantity of cleanup solvents used on

a monthly basis; and

1. 4. Quantity of coatings used on a month-

ly basis and percent VOC in coating by weight on a formulation basis.

1. (E) The director may require other records as reasonable and necessary to carry out the provisions of the Missouri Air Conservation Law.

1. (5) Compliance.

   1. (A) All persons subject to the provisions of this regulation shall provide to the director for approval a demonstration of final compliance with subsection (3)(A)—

      1. 1. Upon startup of presses which are not

in existence and operating on December 9, 1991; Specific to the Kansas City Metropolitan Area

1. 2. Within eighteen (18) months (June 9,

1993) after the effective date of this regulation (December 9, 1991) for all presses with a cylinder width of less than sixty inches (60") and all web presses with a cylinder width of sixty inches (60") or greater that are in existence and operating on December 9, 1991; and

1. 3. Within thirty-six (36) months

(December 9, 1991) after the effective date of this regulation (December 9, 1991) for all sheet-fed presses with a cylinder width of sixty inches (60") or greater that are in existence and operating on December 9, 1991.

1. (B) All persons subject to the provisions of this regulation shall provide to the director for approval a demonstration of final compliance with subsections (3)(B) and (C)—

   1. 1. Upon startup of presses which are not

in existence and operating on December 9, 1991; and

1. 2. Within eighteen (18) (June 9, 1993)

months after the effective date of this regulation for all presses that are in existence and operating December 9, 1991.

1. (C) All persons subject to the provisions of this regulation and not in compliance with all provisions of this regulation within twelve

1. (12) months (December 9, 1992) from the effective date of this regulation (December 9, 1991) must submit a compliance plan to the director for approval. This plan must be received within six (6) months (June 9, 1992) after the effective date of this regulation (December 9, 1991). This plan must include the following:

   1. 1. A detailed plan of process modifica-

tions; and

1. 2. A time schedule for compliance con-

taining increments of progress, including:

1. A. Date of submittal of the source’s

final control plan to the appropriate air pollution control agency;

1. B. Date by which contracts for emis-

sion control systems or process modifications will be awarded; or date by which orders will be issued for the purchase of component parts to accomplish emission control or process modification;

1. C. Date of initiation of on-site con-

struction or installation of emission control equipment or process change;

1. D. Date by which on-site construction

or installation of emission control equipment or process modification is to be completed; and

1. E. Date by which final compliance is

to be achieved.

1. (6) Calculations. To calculate the facilitywide VOC emissions, the following factors may be taken into consideration unless an alternative method is approved by the director:

   1. (A) The facility may assume fifty percent (50%) of the solvent used for cleanup is retained in the rag when the used solventladen rags are cleaned or disposed of. The facility must demonstrate to the director that the solvents are not evaporated into the air when the waste rags are properly cleaned and disposed of;
   2. (B) The facility may assume forty percent (40%) of the heatset ink oils stay in the paper web;
   3. (C) The facility may assume no VOCs are emitted from the inks used in sheet-fed presses and nonheatset web presses; and
   4. (D) The facility may assume that fifty percent (50%) of the alcohol from the fountain solution is emitted from the dryer.

2. (7) Testing Procedures.

   1. (A) Testing and compliance demonstrations for subsection (3)(C) of this regulation shall follow the procedures contained in Environmental Protection Agency Reference Methods 25 or 25A found in 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A.
   2. (B) Testing and compliance demonstrations for paragraph (3)(A)1. of this regulation shall be based on the results from a calibrated hydrometer or refractometer.

AUTHORITY: section 643.050, RSMo (1986).* Original rule filed June 4, 1991, effective Dec. 9, 1991. *Original authority 1965, amended 1972, transferred from 203.050 in 1986, 1992, 1993.