1104 STANDARDS

1104.1 The surface waters of the District shall be free from substances in amounts or combinations that do any one of the following:

(a) Settle to form objectionable deposits;

(b) Float as debris, scum, oil, or other matter to create a nuisance;

(c) Produce objectionable odor, color, taste, or turbidity;

(d) Cause injury to, are toxic to, or produce adverse physiological or behavioral changes in humans, plants, or animals;

(e) Produce undesirable or nuisance aquatic life or result in the dominance of nuisance species; or

(f) Impair the biological community that naturally occurs in the waters or depends upon the waters for its survival and propagation.

1104.2 For the waters of the District with multiple designated uses, the most stringent standards or criteria shall govern.

1104.3 Class A waters shall be free of discharges of untreated sewage, litter and unmarked submerged or partially submerged man-made structures that would constitute a hazard to the users of Class A waters.

1104.4 The aesthetic qualities of Class B waters shall be maintained. Construction, placement or mooring of facilities not primarily and directly water oriented is prohibited in, on, or over Class B waters unless:

(a) The facility is for the general public benefit and service, and

(b) Land based alternatives are not available.

1104.5 Class C streams shall be maintained to support aquatic life and shall not be placed in pipes.

1104.6 Within tidally influenced Class C waters, concentrations of chlorophyll a in free-floating microscopic aquatic plants (algae) shall not exceed levels that result in ecologically undesirable consequences such as reduced water clarity, low dissolved oxygen, food supply imbalances, proliferation of species deemed potentially harmful to aquatic life or humans or aesthetically objectionable conditions or otherwise render tidal waters unsuitable for designated uses.

1104.7 Class E waters shall be free of unmarked submerged or partially submerged man-made objects that pose a hazard to users of these waters.

1104.8 Unless otherwise stated, the numeric criteria that shall be met to attain and maintain designated uses are as follows (Tables 1 through 3):

Table 1

Constituent	Criteria for Classes
	A	B	C
Bacteriological (MPN/100 mL)
E. coli1

Geometric Mean (Maximum 30 day geometric mean for 5 samples)	126
Single Sample Value	410
Fecal coliform2 (Maximum 30 day geometric mean for 5 samples)	200	1000
Physical
Dissolved oxygen3 (mg/L)
February 1 through May 31
7-day mean			6.0
Instantaneous minimum			5.0
June 1 through January 31
30-day mean			5.5
7-day mean			4.0
Instantaneous minimum4			3.2
Temperature (°C)
Maximum			32.2
Maximum change above ambient			2.8
PH
Greater than	6.0	6.0	6.0
And less than	8.5	8.5	8.5
Turbidity increase above ambient (NTU)	20	20	20
Secchi Depth3,5(m)(seasonal segment average)
April 1 through October 31			0.8
Total dissolved gases (maximum % saturation)			110
Hydrogen sulfide (maximum μg/L)			2.0
Oil & grease (mg/L)			10.0
Biological
Chlorophyll a3,5 (μg/L)(seasonal segment average)
July 1 through September 30			25

Notes:

¹This criterion shall apply to E. coli bacteria determined by the Director to be of non-wildlife origin based on best scientific judgment using available information. The geometric mean criterion shall be used for assessing water quality trends and for permitting. The single sample value criterion shall be used for assessing water quality trends only.

²Fecal coliform shall continue to be used as a standard until December 31, 2007.

³Attainment of the dissolved oxygen, water clarity and Chlorophyll a water quality criteria that apply to tidal influenced Class C waters will be determined following the guidelines documented in the 2003 United States Environmental Protection Agency publication: Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its Tidal Tributaries, EPA-903-R-03-002, April 2003.

⁴At temperatures greater than 29°C, in tidally influenced waters, an instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen concentration of 4.3 mg/L shall apply.

⁵Shall apply to tidally influenced waters only.

Table 2

Constituent1	Criteria for Classes
	C		D2
	CCC 4-Day Avg	CMC 1-Hour Avg	30-Day Avg
Trace metals and inorganics in µg/L, except where stated otherwise (see Notes below)
Ammonia, total mg N/L	See Note 7	See Note 8
Antimony, dissolved			640
Arsenic3, dissolved	150	340	0.14c
Cadmium4,5, dissolved	[I]CF	[I.A]CF
Chlorine, total residual	11	19
Chromium4, hexavalent, dissolved	11CF	16CF
Chromium4,5, trivalent, dissolved	[II]CF	[II.A]CF
Copper4,5, dissolved	[III]CF	[III.A]CF
Cyanide, free	5.2	22	140
Iron, dissolved	1000
Lead4,5, dissolved	[IV]CF	[IV.A]CF
Mercury4, total recoverable	0.77	1.4	0.15
Methylmercury (mg/kg, fish tissue residue)			0.3
Nickel4,5, dissolved	[V]CF	[V.A]CF	4600
Selenium, total recoverable	5	20	4200
Silver4,5, dissolved		[VI]CF	65000
Thallium, dissolved			0.47
Zinc4,5, dissolved	[VII]CF	[VII]CF	26000

Notes:

¹For constituents without numerical criteria, standards have not been developed at this time. However, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting authority shall address constituents without numerical standards in NPDES permit actions by using the narrative criteria for toxics contained in these water quality standards.

²The Class D Human Health Criteria for metals will be based on Total Recoverable metals.

³The letter 'c' after the Class D Human Health Criteria numeric value means that the criteria is based on carcinogenicity of 10^-6 risk level.

⁴The superscript 'CF' means that the criterion derived from the formula under Note 5 is multiplied by the conversion factor in Table 2a as specified in subsection 1105.10:

Table 2a. Conversion Factors

Constituent	CCC	CMC
Cadmium	1.101672-[(ln hardness)(0.041838)]	1.136672-[(ln hardness)(0.041838)]
Chromium III	0.860	0.316
Chromium VI	0.962	0.982
Copper	0.960	0.960
Lead	1.46203-[(ln hardness)(0.145712)]	1.46203-[(ln hardness)(0.145712)]
Mercury	0.85	0.85
Nickel	0.997	0.998
Silver	--	0.85

Zinc	0.986	0.978

⁵The formulas for calculating the criterion for the hardness dependent constituents indicated above are as follows:

[I] The numerical CCC criterion for cadmium in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.7489[\ln (\text{hardness})]-4.719)}$$

[I.A] The numerical CMC criterion for cadmium in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(1.0166[\ln (\text{hardness})]-3.924)}$$

[II] The numerical CCC criterion for trivalent chromium in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.8198[\ln (\text{hardness})]+0.6848)}$$

[II.A]The numerical CMC criterion for trivalent chromium in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.8198[\ln (\text{hardness})]+3.7256)}$$

[III] The numerical CCC criterion for copper in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.8545[\ln (\text{hardness})]-1.702)}$$

[III.A] The numerical CMC criterion for copper in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.9422[\ln (\text{hardness})]-1.700)}$$

[IV] The numerical CCC criterion for lead in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(1.2730[\ln (\text{hardness})]-4.705)}$$

[IV.A] The numerical CMC criterion for lead in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(1.2730[\ln (\text{hardness})]-1.460)}$$

[V] The numerical CCC criterion for nickel in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.8468[\ln (\text{hardness})]+0.0584)}$$

[V.A]The numerical CMC criterion for nickel in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.8468[\ln (\text{hardness})]+2.255)}$$

[VI] The numerical CMC criterion for silver in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(1.7200[\ln (\text{hardness})]-6.590)}$$

[VII] The numerical CCC criterion for zinc in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.8473[\ln (\text{hardness})]+0.884)}$$

[VII.A] The numerical CMC criterion for zinc in µg/L shall be given by:

$$e^{(0.8473[\ln (\text{hardness})]+0.884)}$$

⁶Hardness in the equations (I) through (VII.A) in Note 5 above shall be measured as mg/L of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO₃). The minimum hardness allowed for use in those equations shall not be less than 25 mg/L, as CaCO₃, even if the actual ambient hardness is less than 25 mg/L as CaCO₃. The maximum hardness value allowed for use in those equations shall not exceed 400 mg/L, as CaCO₃, even if the actual ambient hardness is greater than 400 mg/L as CaCO₃.

⁷Criteria Continuous Concentration (CCC) for Total Ammonia:

(a) The CCC criterion for ammonia (in mg N/L) (i) shall be the thirty (30)-day average concentration for total ammonia computed for a design flow specified in subsection 1105.5; and (ii) shall account for the influence of the pH and temperature as shown in Table 2b and Table 2c. The highest four (4)-day average within the thirty (30)-day

period shall not exceed 2.5 times the CCC.

(b) The CCC criterion in Table 2b for the period March 1st through June 30th was calculated using the following formula, which shall be used to calculate unlisted values: $CCC = [(0.0577/(1+107.688 - pH))+(2.487/(1+10pH - 7.688))] \times MIN(2.85, 1.45 \times 100.028 \times (25-T))$, where MIN indicates the lesser of the two values (2.85, 1.45 X 100.028 X (25-T)) separated by a comma.

(c) The CCC criterion in Table 2c for the period July 1st through February 28/29th, was calculated using the following formula, which shall be used to calculate unlisted values: $CCC = [(0.0577/(1+107.688-pH))+(2.487/(1+10pH-7.688))] \times [1.45 \times 100.028 \times (25-MAX(T,7))]$, where MAX indicates the greater of the two values (T,7) separated by a comma.

Table 2b. Total Ammonia (in milligrams of Nitrogen per liter) CCC criterion for various pH and temperatures for March 1st through June 30th:

pH	Temperature(°C)
	0	14	16	18	20	22	24	26	28	30
6.50	6.67	6.67	6.06	5.33	4.68	4.12	3.62	3.18	2.80	2.46
6.60	6.57	6.57	5.97	5.25	4.61	4.05	3.56	3.13	2.75	2.42
6.70	6.44	6.44	5.86	5.15	4.52	3.98	3.42	3.00	2.64	2.32
6.80	6.29	6.29	5.72	5.03	4.42	3.89	3.42	3.00	2.64	2.32
6.90	6.12	6.12	5.56	4.89	4.30	3.78	3.32	2.92	2.57	2.25
7.00	5.91	5.91	5.37	4.72	4.15	3.65	3.21	2.82	2.48	2.18
7.10	5.67	5.67	5.15	4.53	3.98	3.50	3.08	2.70	2.38	2.09
7.20	5.39	5.39	4.90	4.31	3.78	3.33	2.92	2.57	2.26	1.99
7.30	5.08	5.08	4.61	4.06	3.57	3.13	2.76	2.42	2.13	1.87
7.40	4.73	4.73	4.30	3.97	3.49	3.06	2.69	2.37	2.08	1.83
7.50	4.36	4.36	3.97	3.49	3.06	2.69	2.37	2.08	1.83	1.61
7.60	3.98	3.98	3.61	3.18	2.79	2.45	2.16	1.90	1.67	1.47
7.70	3.58	3.58	3.25	2.86	2.51	2.21	1.94	1.71	1.50	1.32
7.80	3.18	3.18	2.89	2.54	2.23	1.96	1.73	1.52	1.33	1.17
7.90	2.80	2.80	2.54	2.24	1.96	1.73	1.52	1.33	1.17	1.03
8.00	2.43	2.43	2.21	1.94	1.71	1.50	1.32	1.16	1.02	0.897
8.10	2.10	2.10	1.91	1.68	1.47	1.29	1.14	1.00	0.879	0.773
8.20	1.79	1.79	1.63	1.43	1.26	1.11	0.973	0.855	0.752	0.661
8.30	1.52	1.52	1.39	1.22	1.07	0.941	0.827	0.727	0.639	0.562
8.40	1.29	1.29	1.17	1.03	0.906	0.796	0.700	0.615	0.541	0.475
8.50	1.09	1.09	0.990	0.870	0.765	0.672	0.591	0.520	0.457	0.401
8.60	0.920	0.920	0.836	0.735	0.646	0.568	0.499	0.439	0.386	0.339
8.70	0.778	0.778	0.707	0.622	0.547	0.480	0.422	0.371	0.326	0.287
8.80	0.661	0.661	0.601	0.528	0.464	0.408	0.359	0.315	0.277	0.208
8.90	0.565	0.565	0.513	0.451	0.397	0.349	0.306	0.269	0.237	0.208
9.00	0.486	0.486	0.442	0.389	0.342	0.300	0.264	0.232	0.204	0.179

Table 2c. Total Ammonia (in milligrams of Nitrogen per liter) CCC criterion for various pH and temperatures for July 1st through February 28th/29th:

pH	Temperature(°C)
	0-7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15*	16*
6.50	10.8	10.1	9.51	8.92	8.36	7.84	7.35	6.89	6.46	6.06
6.60	10.7	9.99	9.37	8.79	8.24	7.72	7.24	6.79	6.36	5.97

6.70	10.5	9.81	9.20	8.62	8.08	7.58	7.11	6.66	6.25	5.86
6.80	10.2	9.58	8.98	8.42	7.90	7.40	6.94	6.51	6.10	5.72
6.90	9.93	9.31	8.73	8.19	7.68	7.20	6.75	6.33	5.93	5.56
7.00	9.60	9.00	8.43	7.91	7.41	6.95	6.52	6.11	5.73	5.37
7.10	9.20	8.63	8.09	7.58	7.11	6.67	6.25	5.86	5.49	5.15
7.20	8.75	8.20	7.69	7.21	6.76	6.34	5.94	5.57	5.22	4.90
7.30	8.24	7.73	7.25	6.79	6.37	5.97	5.60	5.25	4.92	4.61
7.40	7.69	7.21	6.76	6.33	5.94	5.57	5.22	4.89	4.59	4.30
7.50	7.09	6.64	6.23	5.84	5.48	5.13	4.81	4.51	4.23	3.97
7.60	6.46	6.05	5.67	5.32	4.99	4.68	4.38	4.11	3.85	3.61
7.70	5.81	5.45	5.11	4.79	4.49	4.21	3.95	3.70	3.47	3.25
7.80	5.17	4.84	4.54	4.26	3.99	3.74	3.51	3.29	3.09	2.89
7.90	4.54	4.26	3.99	3.74	3.51	3.29	3.09	2.89	2.71	2.54
8.00	3.95	3.70	3.47	3.26	3.05	2.86	2.68	2.52	2.36	2.21
8.10	3.41	3.19	2.99	2.81	2.63	2.47	2.31	2.17	2.03	1.91
8.20	2.91	2.73	2.56	2.4	2.25	2.11	1.98	1.85	1.74	1.63
8.30	2.47	2.32	2.18	2.04	1.91	1.79	1.68	1.58	1.48	1.39
8.40	2.09	1.96	1.84	1.73	1.62	1.52	1.42	1.33	1.25	1.17
8.50	1.77	1.66	1.55	1.46	1.37	1.28	1.20	1.13	1.06	0.990
8.60	1.49	1.40	1.31	1.23	1.15	1.08	1.01	0.951	0.892	0.836
8.70	1.26	1.18	1.11	1.04	0.976	0.915	0.858	0.805	0.754	0.707
8.80	1.07	1.01	0.944	0.885	0.829	0.778	0.729	0.684	0.641	0.601
8.90	0.917	0.860	0.806	0.756	0.709	0.664	0.623	0.584	0.548	0.513
9.00	0.790	0.740	0.694	0.651	0.610	0.572	0.536	0.503	0.471	0.442

*At 15°C and above, the criterion for July 1st through February 28th/29th is the same as the criterion for March 1st through June 30th.

¹Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC) for Total Ammonia:

(a) The CMC criterion for total ammonia (in mg N/L) (i) shall be the one (1)-hour average concentration for total ammonia, computed for a design flow specified in subsection 1105.5; and (ii) shall account for the influence of the pH as shown in Table 2d.

(b) The CMC criterion was calculated using the following formula, which shall be used to calculate unlisted values: CMC = [(0.411/(1+107.207-pH))+ [58.4/(1+10pH-7.204)]

Table 2d. Total Ammonia (in milligrams of Nitrogen per liter) CMC criterion for various pH:

pH	CMC	pH	CMC	pH	CMC	pH	CMC
6.50	48.8	7.20	29.5	7.90	10.1	8.60	2.65
6.60	46.8	7.30	26.2	8.00	8.40	8.70	2.20
6.70	44.6	7.40	23.0	8.10	6.95	8.80	1.84
6.80	42.0	7.50	19.9	8.20	5.72	8.90	1.56
6.90	39.1	7.60	17.0	8.30	4.71	9.00	1.32
7.00	36.1	7.70	14.4	8.40	3.88
7.10	32.8	7.80	12.1	8.50	3.20

Table 3

Constituent¹	CAS Number	Criteria for Classes
		C	D²

Organics(μg/L)		CCC 4-Day Avg	CMC 1-Hour Avg	30-Day Avg
Acrolein	107028	10.0		290
Acrylonitrile	107131	700.0		0.25,c
Aldrin	309002	0.4	3.0	0.000050,c
Benzene	71432	1000		51.0,c
Carbon Tetrachloride	56235	1000		1.6,c
Chlordane	57749	0.0043	2.4	0.00081,c
Chlorinated benzenes (except Di)		25.0
Chlorobenzene	108907			1600
1,2-Dichlorobenzene	95501	200		1300
1,3-Dichlorobenzene	541731	200		960
1,4-Dichlorobenzene	106467	200		190
Hexachlorobenzene	118741			0.00029,c
Pentachlorobenzene	608935			1.5
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene	95943			1.1
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene	120821			70
Chlorinated ethanes		50
1,2-Dichloroethane	107062			37.0,c
Hexachloroethane	67721			3.3,c
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane	79345			4.0,c
1,1,2-Trichloroethane	79005			16.0,c
Chlorinated naphthalene
2-Chloronaphthalene	91587	200		1600
Chlorinated phenols
2-Chlorophenol	95578	100		150
2,4-Dichlorophenol	120832	200		290.0
Pentachlorophenol3	87865	[I]	[I,A]	3.0,c
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol	95954			3600
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol	88062			2.4,c
Chloroalkyl ethers		1000
Bis (2-Chloroethyl)Ether	111444			0.53,c
Bis (2-Chloroisopropyl)Ether	108601			65,000
Bis (Chloromethyl)Ether	542881			0.00029
3,3-Dichlorobenzidine	91941	10		0.028,c
Dichloroethylenes		1000
1,1-Dichloroethylene	75354			7,100,c
1,2-Trans-Dichloroethylene	156605			10,000
1,2-Dichloropropane	78875	2000		15,c
Dichloropropenes		400
1,3-Dichloropropene	542756			21
Dieldrin	60571	0.056	0.24	0.000054,c
2,4-Dimethylphenol	105679	200		850
2,4-Dinitrotoluene	121142	33		3.4,c
Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)	1746016			0.0000000051,c
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine	122667	30		0.20,c
Endosulfan		0.056	0.22	89
Alpha-Endosulfan	959988	0.056	0.22	89
Beta-Endosulfan	33213659	0.056	0.22	89
Endosulfan sulfate	1031078			89
Endrin	72208	0.036	0.086	0.060

Endrin aldehyde	7421934			0.30
Ethylbenzene	100414	40		2,100
Halomethanes		1000
Bromoform	75252			140,c
Chloroform	67663	3000		470.0,c
Chlorodibromomethane	124481			13.0,c
Dichlorobromomethane	75274			17.0,c
Methyl Bromide	74839			1,500
Methyl Chloride	74873
Methylene chloride	75092			590,c
Heptachlor	76448	0.0038	0.52	0.000079,c
Heptachlor epoxide	1024573	0.0038	0.52	0.000039,c
Hexachlorobutadiene	87683	10		18.0,c
Hexachlorocyclohexane
alpha-BHC	319846			0.0049,c
beta-BHC	319857			0.017,c
gamma-BHC(Lindane)	58899	0.08	0.95	1.8,c
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene	77474	0.5		1,100
Isophorone	78591	1000		960,c
Manganese	7439965			100
Methoxychlor	72435	0.03
Mirex	2385855	0.001
Naphthalene	91203	600
Nitrobenzene	98953	1000		690
Nitrophenols		20
2-Methyl-4,6-Dinitrophenol	534521			280
2,4-Dinitrophenol	51285			5,300
Dinitrophenols	25550587			5,300
Nitrosamines		600		1.24
N-Nitrosodibutylamine	924163			0.22
N-Nitrosodiethylamine	55185			1.24
N-Nitrosodimethylamine	62759			3.0,c
N-Nitrosodi-n-Propylamine	621647			0.51,c
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine	86306			6.0,c
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine	930552			34,c
Organochlorides
4-4'-DDD	72548	0.001	1.1	0.00031,c
4-4'-DDE	72559	0.001	1.1	0.00022,c
4-4'-DDT	50293	0.001	1.1	0.00022,c
Organophosphates
Guthion	86500	0.01
Malathion	121755	0.1
Parathion	56382	0.013	0.065
Phenol	108952			1,700,000
Phthalate esters		100
Bis (2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate	117817			2.2,c
Butylbenzyl Phthalate	85687			1,900
Diethyl Phthalate	84662			44,000
Dimethyl Phthalate	131113			1,100,000
Di-n-Butyl Phthalate	84742			4,500
Polychlorinated biphenyls⁴		0.014		0.000064,c

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
Acenaphthene	83329	50		990
Acenaphthylene	208968
Anthracene	120127			40,000
Benzidine	92875	250		0.00020,c
Benzo(a)Anthracene	56553			0.018,c
Benzo(a)Pyrene	50328			0.018,c
Benzo(b)Fluoranthene	205992			0.018,c
Benzo(k)Fluoranthene	207089			0.018,c
Chrysene	218019			0.018,c
Dibenzo(a,h) Anthracene	53703			0.018,c
Fluoranthene	206440	400		140.0
Fluorene	86737			5,300
Indeno(1,2,3-cd) Pyrene	193395			0.018,c
Phenanthrene	85018
Pyrene	129000			4,000
Tetrachloroethylene	127184	800		3.3,c
Toluene	108883	600		15000
Toxaphene	8001352	0.0002	0.73	0.00028,c
Tributyltin (TBT)		0.072	0.46
Trichloroethylene	79016	1000		30.0,c
Vinyl chloride	75014			2.4,c

Notes:

¹For constituents without numerical criteria, standards have not been developed at this time. However, permit writers shall address these constituents in NPDES permit actions using the narrative criteria for toxics contained in these water quality standards.

²The letter "c" after the Class D Human Health Criteria numeric value means that the criterion is based on carcinogenicity of 10⁻⁶ risk level.

³The formulas for calculating the concentrations of substances indicated above are as follows:

[I] The numerical CCC criterion for pentachlorophenol in µg/L shall be given by:

e⁽¹·⁰⁰⁵(pH) - 5.134⁾

[I.A] The numerical CMC criterion for pentachlorophenol in µg/L shall be given by:

e⁽¹·⁰⁰⁵(pH) - 4.869⁾

⁴The polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) criterion applies to total PCBs (e.g., the sum of all congener or all isomer or homolog or Aroclor analyses.)

SOURCE: Final Rulemaking published at 41 DCR 1075, 1077 (March 4, 1994); as amended by Notice of Final Rulemaking published at 47 DCR 284(January 21, 2000); as amended by Notice of Final Rulemaking published at 49 DCR 3012 (April 5, 2002); as amended by Notice of Emergency and Proposed Rulemaking published at 49 DCR 1706 (February 22, 2002); as amended by Notice of Final Rulemaking published at 52 DCR 9621(October 28, 2005).