(a)(1) A town implementing a revaluation of all real property may phase in a real property assessment increase, or a portion of such increase resulting from such revaluation, by requiring the assessor to gradually increase the assessment or the rate of assessment applicable to such property in the assessment year preceding that in which the revaluation is implemented, in accordance with one of the methods set forth in subsection (b) of this section. The legislative body of the town shall approve the decision to provide for such phase-in, the method by which it is accomplished and its term, provided the number of assessment years over which such gradual increases are reflected shall not exceed five assessment years, including the assessment year for which the revaluation is effective. If a town chooses to phase in a portion of the increase in the assessment of each parcel of real property resulting from said revaluation, said legislative body shall establish a factor, which shall be not less than twenty-five per cent in any assessment year commencing prior to October 1, 2024, or twenty per cent in any assessment year commencing on or after October 1, 2024, and shall apply such factor to such increases for all parcels of real property, regardless of property classification. A town choosing to phase in a portion of assessment increase shall multiply such factor by the total assessment increase for each such parcel to determine the amount of such increase that shall not be subject to the phase-in. The assessment increase for each parcel that shall be subject to the gradual increases in amounts or rates of assessment, as provided in subsection (b) of this section, shall be (A) the difference between the result of said multiplication and the total assessment increase for any such parcel, or (B) the result derived when such factor is subtracted from the actual percentage by which the assessment of each such parcel increased as a result of such revaluation, over the assessment of such parcel in the preceding assessment year and said result is multiplied by such parcel's total assessment increase.

1. (2) The legislative body may approve the discontinuance of a phase-in of real property assessment increases resulting from the implementation of a revaluation, at any time prior to the completion of the phase-in term originally approved, provided such approval shall be made on or before the assessment date that is the commencement of the assessment year in which such discontinuance is effective. In the assessment year following the completion or discontinuance of the phase-in, assessments shall reflect the valuation of real property established for such revaluation, subject to additions for new construction and reductions for demolitions occurring subsequent to the date of revaluation and on or prior to the date of its completion or discontinuance, and the rate of assessment applicable in such year, as required by section 12-62a.

2. (b) A town shall use one of the following methods to determine the phase-in of real property assessment increases or the phase-in of a portion of such increases resulting from the implementation of a revaluation:

   1. (1) The assessment of each parcel of real property for the assessment year preceding that in which such revaluation is effective shall be subtracted from the assessment of each such parcel in the effective year of said revaluation, and the annual amount of incremental assessment increase for each such parcel shall be the total of such subtraction divided by the number of years of the phase-in term, provided if a town chooses to phase in a portion of the assessment increase for each real property parcel, the amount of such increase that is not subject to the phase-in shall not be reflected in said calculation; or
   2. (2) The ratio of the total assessed value of all taxable real property for the assessment year preceding that in which a revaluation is effective and the total fair market value of such property as determined from records of actual sales in said year, shall be subtracted from the rate of assessment set forth in section 12-62a, and the annual incremental rate of assessment increase applicable to all parcels of real property shall be the result of such subtraction divided by the number of years of the phase-in term. Prior to determining such annual incremental rate of assessment increase, a town that chooses to phase in a portion of the assessment increase for each real property parcel shall multiply the result of said subtraction by the factor established in accordance with subsection (a) of this section, to determine the rate of assessment that shall not be subject to such phase-in; or

   3. (3) The ratio of the total assessed value of all taxable real property in each of the following property classes for the assessment year preceding that in which a revaluation is effective and the total fair market value of such property in each class as determined from records of actual sales in said year, shall be subtracted from the rate of assessment set forth in section 12-62a, and the annual incremental rate of assessment increase applicable to all parcels of real property in each such class shall be the result of such subtraction divided by the number of years of the phase-in term, where such property classes are:

      1. (A) Residential property; (B) commercial property, including apartments containing five or more dwelling units, industrial property and public utility property; and (C) vacant land. In the event the assessor determines that there are no records of actual sales of real property in any such property class in said year or that the number of such actual sales is insufficient for purposes of determining a rate of increase under this subdivision, the annual incremental rate of assessment increase determined under subdivision (2) of this subsection shall be used for said property class.
3. (c) The assessment of any new construction that first becomes subject to taxation pursuant to subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of section 12-53a during an assessment year encompassed within the term of a phase-in shall be determined in the same manner as the assessment of all other comparable real property in said assessment year, such that the total of incremental increases applicable to such other comparable real property are reflected in the assessment of such new construction prior to the proration of such assessment pursuant to section 12-53a.
4. (d) Not later than thirty business days after the date a town's legislative body votes to phase in real property assessment increases resulting from such revaluation, or votes to discontinue such a phase-in, the chief executive officer of the town shall notify the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management, in writing, of the action taken. Any chief executive officer failing to submit a notification to said secretary as required by this subsection, shall forfeit one hundred dollars to the state for each such failure.

(July Sp. Sess. P.A. 87-1, S. 6, 9; P.A. 91-79, S. 3, 4; P.A. 95-283, S. 66, 68; P.A. 06-148, S. 2; 06-176, S. 3; 06-196, S. 296–298; P.A. 12-157, S. 2; June 12 Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-2, S. 168; P.A. 13-204, S. 1; P.A. 24-132, S. 5.)

History: July Sp. Sess. 87-1, S. 6 effective July 24, 1987, and applicable in any municipality to any assessment year commencing in 1987, 1988 or 1989 in which a general revaluation of real property is effective in such municipality; P.A. 91-79 amended Subsec. (a) to make the section applicable to any assessment year commencing on or after October 1, 1987, deleting former October 1, 1989, cutoff date, and amended Subsec. (b) to set criteria for determining if increments are equal, effective April 26, 1991, and applicable to assessment years of municipalities commencing on or after October 1, 1991; P.A. 95-283 amended Subsecs. (a) and (b) to make technical changes replacing four with three years immediately following the year of revaluation in Subsec. (a) and replacing five with four years including the year of revaluation in Subsec. (b), effective July 6, 1995; P.A. 06-148 revised section to provide for phase-in of assessment increases, implementing a revaluation over not more than five years, and discontinuance of a phase-in, specify methods to be used to determine amount of increase, provide for assessment of new construction under phase-in, require notice to the Office of Policy and Management of votes to allow phase-in or discontinuance of phase-in, and provide for a penalty of $100 for failure to submit the notification, effective June 6, 2006, and applicable to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2006; P.A. 06-176 revised section to provide for phase-in of assessment increases or portion of such increases, implementing a revaluation over not more than five years, and discontinuance of a phase-in, specify methods to be used to determine assessment increases or the phase-in of a portion of such increases, assessment of new construction and notice to the Office of Policy and Management of votes to allow phase-in or discontinuance of phase-in, and provide for a penalty of $100 for failure to submit the notification, effective June 9, 2006, and applicable to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2006; P.A. 06-196 changed effective date of P.A. 06-176, S. 3 from June 9, 2006, and applicable to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2006, to October 1, 2006, and applicable to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2005, effective June 7, 2006, and amended Subsecs. (a) and (d) by deleting provisions re board of selectmen, effective October 1, 2006, and applicable to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2005; P.A. 12-157 amended Subsec. (c) to add reference to Sec. 12-53a(a)(1), effective October 1, 2012, and applicable to assessment years commencing on or after that date; June 12 Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-2 amended Subsec. (a) by adding provisions re assessment decreases and references to Subsec. (c), added new Subsec. (c) re determination of phase-in based on assessment decreases, redesignated existing Subsecs. (c) and (d) as Subsecs. (d) and (e) and amended Subsec. (e) by adding provision re assessment decreases, effective July 1, 2012, and applicable to assessment years commencing October 1, 2012; P.A. 13-204 deleted provisions re authority to phase in assessment decreases, deleted former Subsec. (c) re methods to determine phase-in of assessment decreases and redesignated existing Subsecs. (d) and (e) as Subsecs. (c) and (d), effective July 1, 2013, and applicable to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2013; P.A. 24-132 amended Subsec. (a)(1) by providing that factor of not less than 25 per cent shall apply in assessment years commencing prior to October 1, 2024, and factor of not less than 20 per cent shall apply in assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2024, effective July 1, 2024, and applicable to assessment years commencing on or after October 1, 2024.