1. (a) Each manufacturer of light trucks shall comply with the following fleet average fuel economy standards, expressed in miles per gallon, in the model year (MY) specified as applicable:

   Table 1 to § 533.5(a)

   Model year	2-wheel drive light trucks	4-wheel drive light trucks	Limited product line light trucks
   Captiveimports	Other	Captiveimports	Other
   1979	17.2	15.8
   1980	16.0	16.0	14.0	14.0	14.0
   1981	16.7	16.7	15.0	15.0	14.5

   Table 2 to § 533.5(a)

   Model year	Combined standard	2-wheel drive light trucks	4-wheel drive light trucks
   Captiveimports	Others	Captiveimports	Others	Captiveimports	Others
   1982	17.5	17.5	18.0	18.0	16.0	16.0
   1983	19.0	19.0	19.5	19.5	17.5	17.5
   1984	20.0	20.0	20.3	20.3	18.5	18.5
   1985	19.5	19.5	19.7	19.7	18.9	18.9
   1986	20.0	20.0	20.5	20.5	19.5	19.5
   1987	20.5	20.5	21.0	21.0	19.5	19.5
   1988	20.5	20.5	21.0	21.0	19.5	19.5
   1989	20.5	20.5	21.5	21.5	19.0	19.0
   1990	20.0	20.0	20.5	20.5	19.0	19.0
   1991	20.2	20.2	20.7	20.7	19.1	19.1

   Table 3 to § 533.5(a)

   Model year	Combined standard
   Captiveimports	Other
   1992	20.2	20.2
   1993	20.4	20.4
   1994	20.5	20.5
   1995	20.6	20.6

   Table 4 to § 533.5(a)

   Model year	Standard
   2001	20.7
   2002	20.7
   2003	20.7
   2004	20.7
   2005	21.0
   2006	21.6
   2007	22.2
   2008	22.5
   2009	23.1
   2010	23.5

   

   Where: N is the total number (sum) of light trucks produced by a manufacturer; Ni is the number (sum) of the ith light truck model type produced by a manufacturer; and Ti is the fuel economy target of the ith light truck model type, which is determined according to the following formula, rounded to the nearest hundredth:

   

   Where: Parameters a, b, c, and d are defined in Table 5 to this paragraph (a); e = 2.718; and x = footprint (in square feet, rounded to the nearest tenth) of the model type.

   Table 5 to § 533.5(a)—Parameters for the Light Truck Fuel Economy Targets for MYs 2008-2011

   Model year	Parameters
   a(mpg)	b(mpg)	c(gal/mi/ft2)	d(gal/mi)
   2008	28.56	19.99	49.30	5.58
   2009	30.07	20.87	48.00	5.81
   2010	29.96	21.20	48.49	5.50
   2011	27.10	21.10	56.41	4.28

   

   Where: CAFErequired is the fleet average fuel economy standard for a given light truck fleet; Subscript i is a designation of multiple groups of light trucks, where each group's designation, i.e., i = 1, 2, 3, etc., represents light trucks that share a unique model type and footprint within the applicable fleet; Productioni is the number of light trucks produced for sale in the United States within each ith designation, i.e., which share the same model type and footprint; and TARGETi is the fuel economy target in miles per gallon (mpg) applicable to the footprint of light trucks within each ith designation, i.e., which share the same model type and footprint, calculated according to either Figure 3 or 4 to this paragraph (a), as appropriate, and rounded to the nearest hundredth of a mpg, i.e., 35.455 = 35.46 mpg, and the summations in the numerator and denominator are both performed over all models in the fleet in question.

   

   Where: TARGET is the fuel economy target (in mpg) applicable to vehicles of a given footprint (FOOTPRINT, in square feet); Parameters a, b, c, and d are defined in Table 6 to this paragraph (a); and The MIN and MAX functions take the minimum and maximum, respectively, of the included values.

   Table 6 to § 533.5(a)—Parameters for the Light Truck Fuel Economy Targets for MYs 2012-2016

   Model year	Parameters
   a(mpg)	b(mpg)	c(gal/mi/ft2)	d(gal/mi)
   2012	29.82	22.27	0.0004546	0.014900
   2013	30.67	22.74	0.0004546	0.013968
   2014	31.38	23.13	0.0004546	0.013225
   2015	32.72	23.85	0.0004546	0.011920
   2016	34.42	24.74	0.0004546	0.010413

   

   Where: TARGET is the fuel economy target (in mpg) applicable to vehicles of a given footprint (FOOTPRINT, in square feet); Parameters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h are defined in Table 7 to this paragraph (a); and The MIN and MAX functions take the minimum and maximum, respectively, of the included values.

   Table 7 to Paragraph (a)-Parameters for the Light Truck Fuel Economy Targets for MYs 2017-2031

   Model year	Parameters
   a(mpg)	b(mpg)	c(gal/mi/ft2)	d(gal/mi)	e(mpg)	f(mpg)	g(gal/mi/ft2)	h(gal/mi)
   2017	36.26	25.09	0.0005484	0.005097	35.10	25.09	0.0004546	0.009851
   2018	37.36	25.20	0.0005358	0.004797	35.31	25.20	0.0004546	0.009682
   2019	38.16	25.25	0.0005265	0.004623	35.41	25.25	0.0004546	0.009603
   2020	39.11	25.25	0.0005140	0.004494	35.41	25.25	0.0004546	0.009603
   2021	39.71	25.63	0.000506	0.00443	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2022	40.31	26.02	0.000499	0.00436	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2023	40.93	26.42	0.000491	0.00429	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2024	44.48	26.74	0.000452	0.00395	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2025	48.35	29.07	0.000416	0.00364	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2026	53.73	32.30	0.000374	0.00327	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2027	53.73	32.30	0.00037418	0.00327158	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2028	53.73	32.30	0.00037418	0.00327158	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2029	54.82	32.96	0.00036670	0.00320615	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2030	55.94	33.63	0.00035936	0.00314202	NA	NA	NA	NA
   2031	57.08	34.32	0.00035218	0.00307918	NA	NA	NA	NA

2. (b) (1) For model year 1979, each manufacturer may:

   1. (i) Combine its 2- and 4-wheel drive light trucks and comply with the average fuel economy standard in paragraph (a) of this section for 2-wheel drive light trucks; or
   2. (ii) Comply separately with the two standards specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
   3. (2) For model year 1979, the standard specified in paragraph (a) of this section for 4-wheel drive light trucks applies only to 4-wheel drive general utility vehicles. All other 4-wheel drive light trucks in that model year shall be included in the 2-wheel drive category for compliance purposes.

3. (c) For model years 1980 and 1981, manufacturers of limited product line light trucks may:

   1. (1) Comply with the separate standard for limited product line light trucks in Table 1 to paragraph (a) of this section; or
   2. (2) Comply with the other standards specified in paragraph (a) of this section, as applicable.

4. (d) For model years 1982-91, each manufacturer may:

   1. (1) Combine its 2- and 4-wheel drive light trucks (segregating captive import and other light trucks) and comply with the combined average fuel economy standard specified in paragraph (a) of this section; or
   2. (2) Comply separately with the 2-wheel drive standards and the 4-wheel drive standards (segregating captive import and other light trucks) specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
5. (e) For model year 1992, each manufacturer shall comply with the average fuel economy standard specified in paragraph (a) of this section (segregating captive import and other light trucks).
6. (f) For each model year 1996 and thereafter, each manufacturer shall combine its captive imports with its other light trucks and comply with the fleet average fuel economy standard in paragraph (a) of this section.
7. (g) For model years 2008-2010, at a manufacturer's option, a manufacturer's light truck fleet may comply with the fuel economy standard calculated for each model year according to Figure 1 to paragraph (a) of this section and the appropriate values in Table 5 to paragraph (a) of this section, with said option being irrevocably chosen for that model year and reported as specified in § 537.8 of this chapter.
8. (h) For model year 2011, a manufacturer's light truck fleet shall comply with the fleet average fuel economy standard calculated for that model year according to Figure 1 to paragraph (a) of this section and the appropriate values in Table 5 to paragraph (a) of this section.
9. (i) For model years 2012-2016, a manufacturer's light truck fleet shall comply with the fleet average fuel economy standard calculated for that model year according to Figures 2 and 3 to paragraph (a) of this section and the appropriate values in Table 6 to paragraph (a) of this section.
10. (j) For model years 2017-2031, a manufacturer's light truck fleet shall comply with the fleet average fuel economy standard calculated for that model year according to figures 2 and 4 to paragraph (a) of this section and the appropriate values in table 7 to paragraph (a) of this section.

[87 FR 26076, May 2, 2022, as amended at 89 FR 52949, June 24, 2024]