1. (a) Medicare Diabetes Prevention Program (MDPP) services will be available beginning on April 1, 2018.

2. (b) Definitions. For purposes of this section, the following definitions apply:

   Baseline weight means the MDPP beneficiary's body weight recorded during that beneficiary's first core session.

   CDC-approved DPP curriculum refers to the content of the core sessions, core maintenance sessions, and ongoing maintenance sessions. The curriculum may be either the CDC-preferred curriculum as designated by the CDC DPRP Standards or an alternative curriculum approved for use in DPP by the CDC.

   Combination with an online component refers to sessions that are delivered as a combination of online (non-live) with in-person or distance learning.

   Core maintenance session means an MDPP service that—

   1. (i) Is furnished by an MDPP supplier to an MDPP beneficiary during a core maintenance session interval;
   2. (ii) Is approximately 1 hour in length; and
   3. (iii) Adheres to a CDC-approved DPP curriculum for maintenance sessions.

   Core session means an MDPP service that—

   1. (i) Is furnished by an MDPP supplier to an MDPP beneficiary during months 1 through 6 of the MDPP services period;
   2. (ii) Is approximately 1 hour in length; and
   3. (iii) Adheres to a CDC-approved DPP curriculum for core sessions.

   Diabetes Prevention Recognition Program (DPRP) refers to a program administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that recognizes organizations that are able to furnish diabetes prevention program (DPP) services, follow a CDC-approved DPP curriculum, and meet CDC's performance standards and reporting requirements.

   Distance learning refers to an MDPP session that is delivered by trained Coaches via remote classroom and is furnished in a manner consistent with the DPRP Standards for distance learning sessions. The Coach provides live (synchronous) delivery of session content in one location and participants call-in or video-conference from another location.

   Extended flexibilities period refers to the 6-year period (January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2029) for the Extended flexibilities to apply.

   Extended flexibilities period refers to the 4-year period (January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2027) for the Extended flexibilities to apply.

   Full CDC DPRP recognition refers to the designation from the CDC that an organization has consistently furnished CDC-approved DPP sessions, met CDC-performance standards and met CDC reporting requirements for at least 24-36 months following the organization's application to participate in the DPRP.

   Full-Plus CDC DPRP recognition refers to organizations that have met the Full CDC DPRP recognition, and at the time full recognition is achieved, has met the following retention criterion: Eligible participants in the evaluation cohort must have been retained at the following percentages: A minimum of 50 percent at the beginning of the fourth month since the cohorts held their first sessions; A minimum of 40 percent at the beginning of the seventh month since the cohorts held their first sessions; and A minimum of 30 percent at the beginning of the tenth month since the cohorts held their first sessions.

   In-person with a distance learning component refers to DPP sessions that are delivered in person by trained Coaches where participants have the option of attending sessions via MDPP distance learning.

   Live Coach interaction refers to the bi-directional communication between the Coach and beneficiary.

   Make-up session means a core session or a core maintenance session furnished to an MDPP beneficiary when the MDPP beneficiary misses a regularly scheduled core session or core maintenance session.

   MDPP beneficiary means a Medicare beneficiary who meets the criteria specified in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, who has initiated the MDPP services period by attending the first core session, and for whom the MDPP services period has not ended as specified in paragraph (c)(3) of this section.

   MDPP services means structured health behavior change sessions that are furnished under the MDPP expanded model with the goal of preventing diabetes among Medicare beneficiaries with prediabetes, and that follow a CDC-approved curriculum. The sessions provide practical training in long-term dietary change, increased physical activity, and problem-solving strategies for overcoming challenges to maintaining weight loss and a healthy lifestyle.

   MDPP services period means the time period, beginning on the date an MDPP beneficiary attends his or her first core session, over which the Set of MDPP services is furnished to the MDPP beneficiary, to include the core services period described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) and, subject to paragraph (c)(3) of this section.

   MDPP session means a core session or a core maintenance session.

   MDPP supplier means an entity that is enrolled in Medicare to furnish MDPP services as provided in § 424.205 of this chapter.

   Medicare Diabetes Prevention Program (MDPP) refers to a model test expanded under section 1115A(c) of the Act that makes MDPP services available to MDPP beneficiaries.

   National Diabetes Prevention Program (National DPP) refers to an evidence-based intervention targeted to individuals with pre-diabetes that is furnished in community and health care settings and administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

   Ongoing maintenance session interval means one of the up to four consecutive 3-month time periods during the ongoing services period described in paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section, during which an MDPP supplier offers at least one ongoing maintenance session to an MDPP beneficiary per month.

   Online means sessions that are delivered 100 percent through the internet via phone, tablet, or laptop in an asynchronous (non-live) classroom where participants are experiencing the content on their own time without a live (including non-artificial intelligence (AI)) Coach teaching the content.

   Online delivery period refers to the 4-year period (January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2029) to test an asynchronous delivery modality of the Set of MDPP services. During this time, MDPP suppliers may deliver the Set of MDPP services through the Online modality.

   Online session refers to an MDPP session that is not furnished in person or via distance learning and that is furnished in a manner consistent with the DPRP standards for Online sessions.

   Required minimum weight loss refers to the percentage by which the beneficiary's updated weight is less than the baseline weight. The required minimum weight loss percentage is 5 percent.

   Set of MDPP services means the series of MDPP sessions, composed of core sessions and core maintenance sessions, and subject to paragraph (c)(3) of this section offered over the course of the MDPP services period.

   Virtual make-up session means a make-up session that is not furnished in person and that is furnished in a manner consistent with the DPRP standards for virtual sessions.

   Virtual session refers to an MDPP session that is not furnished in person and that is furnished in a manner consistent with the DPRP standards for distance learning sessions.

3. (c) Coverage for MDPP services—(1) Beneficiary eligibility.

   1. (i) A Medicare beneficiary is eligible for MDPP services offered during the core services period described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section if the beneficiary meets all of the following criteria:

      1. (A) Is enrolled under Medicare Part B;
      2. (B) Attended the first core session within the most recent 12-month time period and, prior to attending this first core session, had not previously received the set of MDPP services in his or her lifetime;
      3. (C) Has, on the date of attendance at the first core session, a body mass index (BMI) of at least 25 if not self-identified as Asian or a BMI of at least 23 if self-identified as Asian;
      4. (D) Has received, within the 12-month time period prior to the date of attendance at the first core session, a hemoglobin A1c test with a value of between 5.7 and 6.4 percent, a fasting plasma glucose test with a value of between 110 and 125 mg/dL, or a 2-hour plasma glucose test (oral glucose tolerance test) with a value of between 140 and 199 mg/dL;
      5. (E) Has, as of the date of attendance at the first core session, no previous diagnosis of diabetes, other than gestational diabetes; and
      6. (F) Does not have end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
   2. (ii) Weight measurements used to determine the achievement or maintenance of the required minimum weight loss must be taken in person by an MDPP supplier during an MDPP session or reflected in the beneficiary's medical record dated within 5 calendar days of the MDPP session.

   3. (2) MDPP services period. An MDPP beneficiary's MDPP services period is composed of the following periods and intervals:

      1. (i) The core services period, which is the first 12 months of the MDPP services period, and consists of:

         1. (A) Up to 16 core sessions offered at least 1 week apart during months 1 through 6 of the MDPP services period; and
         2. (B) Up to 6 core maintenance sessions offered at least 1 month apart during months 7 through 12 of the MDPP services period.
      2. (ii) [Reserved]

   4. (3) Limitations on the MDPP services period.

      1. (i) The MDPP services period ends upon completion of the core services period described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section.
      2. (ii) [Reserved]

4. (d) Make-up sessions.

   1. (1) An MDPP supplier may offer a make-up session to an MDPP beneficiary who missed a regularly scheduled session. MDPP make-up sessions may only use In-person, Distance learning, or Online delivery. If an MDPP supplier offers one or more make-up sessions to an MDPP beneficiary, each session must be furnished in accordance with the following requirements:

      1. (i) The curriculum furnished during the make-up session must address the same CDC-approved DPP curriculum topic as the regularly scheduled session that the beneficiary missed;
      2. (ii) The MDPP supplier may furnish to the beneficiary a maximum of one make-up session on the same day as a regularly scheduled session; and
      3. (iii) The MDPP supplier may furnish to the beneficiary a maximum of one make-up session per week.

   2. (2) An MDPP supplier may offer virtual make-up sessions only if consistent with the requirements in paragraph (d)(1) of this section. Virtual make-up sessions are also subject to the following requirements:

      1. (i) Virtual make-up sessions must be furnished in a manner consistent with the DPRP standards for virtual sessions;
      2. (ii) An MDPP supplier may only offer virtual make-up sessions based on an individual MDPP beneficiary's request; and

      3. (iii) An MDPP supplier may offer to an MDPP beneficiary:

         1. (A) No more than 4 virtual make-up sessions within the core services period described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section, of which no more than 2 virtual make-up sessions are core maintenance sessions; and
         2. (B) [Reserved]

   3. (3) Make-up sessions furnished in accordance with paragraph (d)(1) of this section that an MDPP beneficiary attends in person are counted toward meeting the attendance requirements described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section and toward achieving the performance goals described in § 414.84(b) of this chapter as if the MDPP beneficiary attended a regularly scheduled session. Virtual make-up sessions furnished in accordance with paragraph (d)(2) of this section are also counted toward such attendance requirements and performance goals, subject to the following limitations:

      1. (i) The MDPP beneficiary receives no more than 4 virtual make-up sessions within the core services period described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section, of which no more than 2 virtual make-up sessions may be core maintenance sessions; and
      2. (ii) [Reserved]

5. (e) MDPP expanded model emergency policy.

   1. (1) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section, the policies described in this paragraph (e) apply during the Public Health Emergency (PHE) as defined in § 400.200 of this chapter and during any future 1135 waiver event that CMS determines may disrupts in-person MDPP services (an “applicable 1135 waiver event”). For purposes of this paragraph (e), “1135 waiver event” means an emergency period and emergency area, as such terms are defined in section 1135(g) of the Act, for which the Secretary has authorized one or more waivers under section 1135 of the Act.

   2. (2)

      1. (i) CMS determines that an 1135 waiver event may disrupt in-person MDPP services if MDPP suppliers would likely be unable to conduct classes in-person, or MDPP beneficiaries would likely be unable to attend in-person classes, for reasons related to health, safety, or site availability or suitability. Health and safety reasons may include, but are not limited to, the avoidance of transmission of contagious diseases, compliance with laws and regulations during an 1135 waiver event, or the physical safety of MDPP beneficiaries and MDPP coaches, as defined in § 424.205(a) of this chapter, during an 1135 waiver event.
      2. (ii) If CMS determines that an 1135 waiver event may disrupt in-person MDPP services, CMS will communicate such determination for purposes of the policies described in this paragraph (e), to all affected MDPP suppliers.

   3. (3) The following changes apply under this paragraph (e), when CMS has determined that an 1135 waiver event may disrupt in-person MDPP services:

      1. (i) The in-person attendance requirements of paragraphs (c)(1)(ii)(A) and (c)(1)(iii)(A) of this section do not apply.
      2. (ii) MDPP suppliers may start new cohorts during the PHE as defined in § 400.200 of this chapter or an applicable 1135 waiver event only if a baseline weight measurement can be obtained as described in paragraph (e)(3)(iii) of this section.

      3. (iii) MDPP suppliers can obtain weight measurements for MDPP beneficiaries for the baseline weight and any weight loss based performance achievement goals in the following manner:

         1. (A) In-person, when the weight measurement can be obtained safely and in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations;
         2. (B) Via digital technology, such as scales that transmit weights securely via wireless or cellular transmission; or
         3. (C) Self-reported weight measurements from the digital scale of the MDPP beneficiary. Self-reported weights must be obtained during live, synchronous Online video technology, such as video chatting or video conferencing, wherein the MDPP Coach observes the beneficiary weighing themselves and views the weight indicated on the digital scale, or the MDPP supplier receives two date-stamped photos or a video recording of the beneficiary's weight, with the beneficiary visible on the scale, submitted by the MDPP beneficiary to the MDPP supplier. Photo or video must clearly document the weight of the MDPP beneficiary as it appears on the digital scale on the date associated with the billable MDPP session. If choosing to submit two photos, one photo must show the beneficiary's weight on the digital scale, the second photo must show the beneficiary visible in their home or other reasonable location outside of an in-person delivery site, and both photos must be date-stamped.

      4. (iv) The virtual session limits described in paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section do not apply, and MDPP suppliers may provide all MDPP sessions virtually, through distance learning or a combination of in-person or distance learning, during the PHE as defined in § 400.200 of this chapter or applicable 1135 waiver event. If the beneficiary began the MDPP services period virtually, or changed from in-person to virtual services during the Extended flexibilities period, a PHE as defined in § 400.200 of this chapter or applicable 1135 waiver event, he/she may continue to receive the Set of MDPP services virtually even after the PHE or 1135 waiver event has concluded, until the end of the beneficiary's MDPP services period, so long as the provision of virtual services complies with all of the following requirements:

         1. (A) The curriculum furnished during the virtual session addresses the same CDC-approved DPP curriculum topic as the regularly scheduled session.
         2. (B) The MDPP supplier furnishes to the MDPP beneficiary a maximum of one virtual make-up session on the same day as a regularly scheduled session.
         3. (C) The MDPP supplier furnishes to the MDPP beneficiary a maximum of one virtual make-up session per week.
         4. (D) Virtual sessions are furnished in a manner consistent with the DPRP standards for distance learning sessions.
         5. (E) The MDPP supplier offers virtual sessions only upon an individual MDPP beneficiary's request or agreement to receive services virtually.

         6. (F) The MDPP supplier offers to an MDPP beneficiary:

            (1) Up to 16 virtual sessions offered weekly during the core session period, months 1 through 6 of the MDPP services period;

            (2) Up to 6 virtual sessions offered monthly during the core maintenance session interval periods, months 7 through 12 of the MDPP services period.

            (3) No more than 12 virtual sessions offered monthly during the ongoing maintenance session intervals, months 13 through 24 for beneficiaries enrolled before January 1, 2022.

      5. (v) MDPP suppliers may suspend the in-person delivery of the set of MDPP services, when necessary due to the applicable 1135 waiver event, and subsequently resume in-person services either upon the end date of the 1135 waiver event emergency period or an effective date specified by CMS. Upon resumption of the set of MDPP services on an in-person basis, the following paragraphs apply:

         1. (A) Beneficiaries who were receiving MDPP services as of March 31, 2020 whose in-person sessions are suspended due to the PHE as defined in § 400.200 of this chapter may elect to restart the set of MDPP services at the beginning or resume with the most recent attendance session of record.
         2. (B) Beneficiaries who begin the set of MDPP services on or after January 1, 2021 who are in the first 12 months of the set of MDPP services as of the start of an applicable 1135 waiver event, whose in-person sessions are suspended due to the applicable 1135 waiver event, and who elect not to continue with MDPP services virtually, may elect to restart the set of MDPP services at the beginning or may resume with the most recent attendance session of record.
         3. (C) Beneficiaries who began the set of MDPP services between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021 and who are in the second year of the set of MDPP services as of the start of an applicable 1135 waiver event, whose in-person sessions are suspended due to the applicable 1135 waiver event, and who elect not to continue with MDPP services virtually can elect to attend ongoing maintenance sessions; and may restart the ongoing maintenance session interval in which they were participating at the start of the applicable 1135 waiver event or may resume with the most recent attendance session of record.
         4. (D) Beneficiaries whose in-person sessions are suspended due to the applicable 1135 waiver event who elect to continue with MDPP services virtually, as described in paragraph (e)(2)(i) of this section, are not eligible to restart the set of MDPP services at a later date, but may elect to suspend the virtual set of MDPP services and resume the set of in-person MDPP services with the most recent attendance session of record.
         5. (E) Beneficiaries may make an election as described in paragraph (e)(3)(v)(A), (B), (C), or (D) of this section, as applicable, only one time per applicable1135 waiver event.

         6. (F) Beneficiary eligibility, as described in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, will not be impacted by any changes to the beneficiary's body mass index (BMI) or reduction in hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose, or 2-hour plasma glucose test values achieved during the set of MDPP services or any intervening time in which a beneficiary has suspended the set of MDPP services. MDPP suppliers will utilize the following weight measurements as the baseline weight for purposes of determining all weight-loss achievements:

            (1) For an MDPP beneficiary who began receiving the set of MDPP services before March 31, 2020, has suspended services during an applicable 1135 waiver event, and then elects to restart the set of MDPP services at the first core session, the MDPP supplier must record a new baseline weight on the date of first core session that restarts the set of MDPP services.

            (2) For an MDPP beneficiary who began receiving the Set of MDPP services on or after January 1, 2021, has suspended services during an applicable 1135 waiver event, the MDPP supplier must use the baseline weight recorded at the beneficiary's first core session.

      6. (vi) The minimum weight loss requirements for beneficiary eligibility in the ongoing maintenance session intervals described in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii)(B) and (c)(1)(iii)(B) of this section are waived only for MDPP beneficiaries who were receiving the MDPP set of services prior to January 1, 2021.

6. (f) MDPP Online delivery.

   1. (1) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section, the policies described in this paragraph (f) apply during the Online delivery period.

   2. (2) During the Online delivery period, MDPP suppliers are not required to maintain in-person delivery capabilities of the Set of MDPP services, as applicable during the Online delivery period.

      1. (i) Online sessions must be furnished in a manner consistent with the DPRP Standards regarding program format, Coach interaction, and program intensity and duration to qualify for payment. Online sessions must be delivered 100 percent through the internet via phone, tablet, or laptop in an asynchronous (non-live) classroom where participants are experiencing the content on their own time without a live (including non-artificial intelligence (AI) Coach teaching the content.

         1. (A) Live Coach interaction must be offered to each participant during weeks when the beneficiary has engaged with content. Emails and text messages can count toward the requirements for Live Coach interaction if there is bi-directional communication (that is, organizations may not simply send out an announcement via text or email and count that as live Coach interaction; the beneficiary must have the ability to respond to and get support from the live Coach) between the Coach and participant. Chat bots and AI forums do not count as live Coach interaction. Coaches are required to track participant engagement and completion of online modules. Proactive outreach must be used to encourage Online session completion and beneficiary weight reporting.

            (1) MDPP suppliers may not require that beneficiaries initiate interactions with the Coach and MDPP suppliers may not use AI or Machine Learning (ML) to replace Live Coach interaction.

            (2) [Reserved]

         2. (B) Beneficiaries must submit weight measurements on the date in which the Online session is completed. MDPP suppliers must ensure safeguards are in place to ensure the accuracy of beneficiary weight measurements.
         3. (C) For MDPP beneficiaries, MDPP suppliers may not bill for Online Sessions as well as In-Person or Virtual Sessions during the Online delivery period. The Set of MDPP services must be delivered to individual beneficiaries as Online sessions or fully synchronously (that is, In-person, Distance learning, or In-person with a distance learning component), inclusive of make-up sessions.
         4. (D) MDPP suppliers must ensure that MDPP beneficiaries engage with and understand the content of each Online session. MDPP suppliers may use one or more of the following to ensure engagement and understanding: videos/presentations, email, video conferencing; knowledge checks (multiple choice or short answer); participant contributions to group discussions on a community board; or beneficiary responses to the Coach via email, text message, or in-app messaging.
      2. (ii) [Reserved]

[81 FR 80552, Nov. 15, 2016; 81 FR 81698, Nov. 18, 2016, as amended at 82 FR 53358, Nov. 15, 2017; 85 FR 19287, Apr. 6, 2020; 85 FR 85027, Dec. 28, 2020; 86 FR 65666, Nov. 19, 2021; 88 FR 79528, Nov. 16, 2023; 89 FR 98557, Dec. 9, 2024; 90 FR 50007, Nov. 5, 2025; 91 FR 12079, Mar. 12, 2026]