10 C.F.R. § 429.68
(a) Sampling plan for selection of units for testing.
(2) For each basic mode of air cleaners, a sample of sufficient size shall be randomly selected and tested to ensure that—
(i) Any represented value of annual energy consumption or other measure of energy consumption of a basic mode for which consumers would favor lower values shall be greater than or equal to the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample:

Where: x is the sample mean; n is the number of samples; and, xi is the ith sample.
Or,
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit (UCL) of the true mean divided by 1.10:

Where: x is the sample mean; s is the sample standard deviation; n is the number of samples; and, t0.95 is the t statistic for a 95 percent one-tailed confidence interval with n-1 degrees of freedom (from appendix A).
And
(ii) Any represented value of the integrated energy factor or other measure of energy consumption of a basic mode for which consumers would favor higher values shall be less than or equal to the high:
(A) The mean of the sample:

Where: x is the sample mean; n is the number of samples; and, xi is the ith sample.
Or,
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit (LCL) of the true mean divided by 0.90:

Where: x is the sample mean; s is the sample standard deviation; n is the number of samples; and, t0.95 is the t statistic for a 95 percent one-tailed confidence interval with n-1 degrees of freedom (from appendix A).
And
[88 FR 14043, Mar. 6, 2023, as amended at 89 FR 82069, Oct. 9, 2024; 90 FR 43383, Sept. 9, 2025] ]