61 Me. 517 | Me. | 1873
This action is against the defendants as common carriers for neglect in not delivering a package of money intrusted to them as such.
The plaintiffs on August 21,1866, wrote N. G. Hichborn, treasurer of Maine, to forward' to them the amount allowed for aid to the families of volunteers, and requested him to send “ the money by express or a check on one of the Bangor Banks.”
The defendants, by their agent, received a package of $527.34 under an agreement “to forward and deliver at destination, if within their route, and if not, to deliver to the connecting express,
The express route of the defendants was from Augusta to Mat-tawamkeag. Lincoln was an intermediate station and the nearest on the route to No. 4. One Patterson drove the mail stage from Lincoln to Springfield and his route was the nearest and only express or mail route to No. 4. Said Patterson had long been in the habit of carrying packages for others as well as the defendants. The money arrived at Lincoln and was there delivered to Patterson who appropriated the same to his own use.
The defendants were insurers during the whole of their route. But no loss occurred “ within their route.” The money was safely carried to the place where it was to be delivered “ to the connecting express, stage, or other means of conveyance.” The defendants have made no contract to carry the money farther or to make any delivery other than is specified in their contract. They have delivered to the person and at the place where they agreed to deliver it. It was held in Gray v. Jackson, 51 N. H. 9, after a very learned and elaborate examination of all the authorities, that common carriers between two points, taking a parcel for a place beyond their route and delivering it, áccording to the usage of the business, to the next cai’rier, who misappropriated the same, were not responsible for its loss. In Burroughs v. Norwich & Worcester R. R. Co., 100 Mass. 26, it was held that a corporation established to transport goods for hire between certain places and receiving goods directed to a more distant place is not responsible beyond the end of its own route, as a common carrier, but only as a forwarder, unless it makes an express agreement extending its liabilities. In Pendergrast v. Adams Express Co., 101 Mass. 120, the principle was affirmed that the liability of the company, as carriers, ceases at the termination of their route. In the absence of a special contract a common carrier is only liable for the extent of his own route and for the safe storage and delivery to the next carrier. Baltimore R. R. Co. v. Schumacher, 29 Maryland, 176. A common carrier is not liable for goods lost be
Such, unquestionably, is the law. What their liability may be as forwarders is not now before us. They are not declared against as such.
The instruction, that if the defendant knew Patterson to be dishonest and untrustworthy and not a safe person to whom to intrust the package, or by ordinary care might have known it, the defendants would be guilty of negligence for which they would be liable, was erroneous.
The contract of the defendants was “ to deliver to the connecting express, stage, or other means of conveyance, at the most convenient point.” This they have done. It was no part of their duty, as carriers, to make special investigations as to the integrity or trustworthiness of the connecting express or stage driver. They did not, as carriers, contract so to do. All they had to do w'as to deliver the money as they agreed. They were not in the first instance to make inquiries. They had a right to assume that the person to whom they were to deliver the money in their charge was one to whom the delivery would be satisfactory to the
Exceptions sustained.