COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA v. ROBERT FENNELL
No. 1119 EDA 2016
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
FILED MARCH 02, 2018
2018 PA Super 47
OPINION BY OLSON, J.
J-E04003-17; Appeal from the PCRA Order of March 22, 2016 In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-51-CR-0406281-2005
BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J., BENDER, P.J.E., BOWES, J., PANELLA, J., SHOGAN, J., LAZARUS, J., OLSON, J., STABILE,
Appellant, Robert Fennell, appeals from the order entered on March 22, 2016 by the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County dismissing as untimely Appellant‘s March 19, 2014 serial petition filed pursuant to the Post-Conviction Relief Act (PCRA).1 Appellant seeks relief from the judgment of sentence imposed on December 4, 2006, following his jury convictions of unlawful restraint, aggravated assault, robbery of a motor vehicle, kidnapping, and criminal conspiracy.2 On appeal, Appellant contends that the PCRA court erred in dismissing his claim asserting the newly discovered fact exception to the PCRA‘s timeliness requirement.3 After careful consideration, we conclude that the
On February 25, 2005, Appellant and his two co-conspirators kidnapped the victim, his family and two neighbors in order to rob a check-cashing business where the victim‘s wife worked. On September 22, 2006, a jury convicted Appellant of the above-mentioned crimes. The trial court sentenced Appellant on November 15, 2006 to an aggregate term of imprisonment of ten to 20 years. Sentence Order, 11/15/06. A panel of this Court affirmed the judgment of sentence on July 16, 2008, and the Pennsylvania Supreme Court denied Appellant‘s petition for allowance of appeal on April 1, 2009. Commonwealth v. Fennell, 959 A.2d 961 (Pa. Super. 2008) (unpublished memorandum), appeal denied, 968 A.2d 231 (Pa. 2009).
Following the judgment of sentence, Appellant filed three PCRA petitions on November 19, 2007, November 19, 2008, and November 8, 2010. None of these petitions provided Appellant with relief. Appellant filed the present pro se petition, his fourth, on March 19, 2014. After determining that the current petition was untimely, the PCRA court denied relief without a hearing on March 22, 2016.4 On appeal, a divided panel of this Court reversed the PCRA court‘s order dismissing Appellant‘s petition. Specifically, the majority concluded that Appellant pled sufficient facts to invoke the newly discovered fact exception to the PCRA‘s time-bar. Thus, the case was remanded for a hearing to permit Appellant to prove that he acted with due diligence in filing his fourth PCRA petition and, if able to do so, to demonstrate the merits of his underlying issue.
The Commonwealth filed a petition for reargument which was granted on April 26, 2017.5 Following the submission of substituted briefs and oral argument before this Court en banc, the case is ripe for decision.
Appellant raises the following issue for our review:
- Did the PCRA [c]ourt err in dismissing [A]ppellant‘s serial PCRA [p]etition without a hearing as untimely and declining to address [A]ppellant‘s claim on the merits, specifically, whether [A]ppellant satisfied the newly-discovered facts exception to the PCRA time-bar pursuant to
42 Pa. C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(ii) and42 Pa. C.S. § 9545(b)(2) , on [A]ppellant‘s claim of a juror‘s allegedly disqualifying criminal record?
Appellant‘s Substituted Brief at 4.
As our Supreme Court recently articulated:
Our review of a PCRA court‘s decision is limited to determining whether the PCRA court‘s findings of fact are supported by the record, and whether its conclusions of law are free from legal error. Our review of questions of law is de novo. Our scope is limited to the PCRA court‘s findings and the evidence of record, viewed in the light most favorable
to the Commonwealth as the prevailing party.
Commonwealth v. Chimel, 2017 WL 5616233, *5 (Pa. Nov. 22, 2017) (internal citations and quotes omitted).
“Crucial to the determination of any PCRA appeal is the timeliness of the underlying petition. Thus, we must first determine whether the instant PCRA petition was timely filed.” Commonwealth v. Smith, 35 A.3d 766, 768 (Pa. Super. 2011), appeal denied, 53 A.3d 757 (Pa. 2012). The PCRA contains a jurisdictional time-bar, which is subject to limited statutory exceptions. This time-bar demands that “a PCRA petition, including a second or subsequent petition, must be filed within one year of a final judgment, unless the petitioner alleges and proves that he is entitled to one of three exceptions to this general rule, and that the petition was filed within 60 days of the date the claim could have been presented.” Chimel, supra (citation omitted);
Further, since the time-bar implicates the subject matter jurisdiction of our courts, we are required to determine first the timeliness of a petition before we consider the underlying claims. Commonwealth v. Taylor, 67 A.3d 1245, 1248 (Pa. 2013), cert. denied, 134 S.Ct. 2695 (2014) (“The PCRA timeliness requirement . . . is mandatory and jurisdictional in nature. . . . The court cannot ignore a petition‘s untimeliness and reach the merits of the petition.“)
In this case, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court denied Appellant‘s petition for allowance of appeal on April 1, 2009. Commonwealth v. Fennell, 968 A.2d 231 (Pa. 2009) (per curiam). Therefore, Appellant‘s judgment of sentence became final on June 30, 2009, 90 days after the Pennsylvania Supreme Court denied his petition for allowance of appeal and the time for filing a petition for review with the United States Supreme Court expired. See
(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of interference by government officials with the presentation of the claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States;
(ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were unknown to the petitioner and could not have been ascertained by the exercise of due diligence; or
(iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period provided in this section and has been held by that court to apply retroactively.
Whether the petitioner meets his burden to allege and prove that one of the PCRA timeliness exceptions applies is a threshold inquiry that must be resolved prior to considering the merits of the petition. Commonwealth v. Edmiston, 65 A.3d 339, 346 (Pa. 2013). In this case,
The timeliness exception set forth in Section 9545(b)(1)(ii) requires a petitioner to demonstrate he did not know the facts upon which he based his petition and could not have learned those facts earlier by the exercise of due diligence. Due diligence demands that the petitioner take reasonable steps to protect his own interests. A petitioner must explain why he could not have learned the new fact(s) earlier with the exercise of due diligence. This rule is strictly enforced. Additionally, the focus of this exception is on the newly discovered facts, not on a newly discovered or newly willing source for previously known facts.
Commonwealth v. Brown, 111 A.3d 171, 176 (Pa. Super. 2015), appeal denied, 125 A.3d 1197 (Pa. 2015) (internal quotes and citations omitted) (emphasis added).
A review of Appellant‘s most recent PCRA petition reveals that Appellant‘s allegations touch upon the newly discovered fact exception set forth in Section 9545(b)(1)(ii).6 Specifically, Appellant alleges that he discovered that one of the jurors from his trial provided false information regarding that juror‘s criminal background during voir dire and the juror‘s perjured statement violated Appellant‘s constitutional rights as the juror‘s conviction would have constituted a valid basis to strike him for cause. PCRA Petition, 3/19/14, at 15, 18-19 (unpaginated).7 Appellant asserts that he was
not able to obtain the transcript of the September 18, 2006 jury voir dire until December 31, 2013 at which time he saw that juror #2 stated under oath that he was never convicted of a crime. Id. at 19 (unpaginated). Moreover, Appellant alleges that it was not until February 14, 2014 that he obtained the criminal background information regarding juror #2 which revealed that this juror lied under oath as he had been convicted of a crime and, therefore, was unqualified to serve on the jury. Id. As the current PCRA petition was filed on March 19, 2014, less than 60 days after he learned of the juror‘s criminal conviction, Appellant argues that he
After a careful review of the record, we conclude that Appellant‘s March 19, 2014 petition was untimely as Appellant did not act diligently in obtaining
(3) has been convicted of a crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year and has not been granted a pardon or amnesty therefor.
the alleged information regarding juror #2.8 Additionally, Appellant did not file his PCRA petition within the requisite 60 days after first obtaining information regarding juror #2‘s voir dire testimony. Accordingly, Appellant failed to establish the applicability of the newly discovered fact exception which would confer subject matter jurisdiction on the PCRA court.
Attached to the instant PCRA petition is a hand-written statement prepared by Appellant in which he alleges that he wrote to his trial counsel Attorney Scott J. O‘Keefe (now Judge O‘Keefe) on September 23, 2006 (shortly after the conclusion of the jury trial in which Appellant was found guilty) and requested his files. PCRA Petition, 3/19/14, at 15 (unpaginated). On September 29, 2006, Attorney O‘Keefe allegedly sent a letter with one trial transcript and indicated that was all he had. Id. Appellant claims he did not believe Attorney O‘Keefe‘s representation that that was all he had, so Appellant alleges he sent a letter to Attorney O‘Keefe every 15 days from October 10, 2006 until November 18, 2007 asking for copies of all of his paperwork and each request was ignored. Id. Although these allegations are made, the only pertinent letter attached to the petition is a letter dated October 11, 2012 from Emily Cherniack, Esquire (Appellant‘s second lawyer) to Appellant.9 This letter reads in relevant part:
Enclosed is a copy of your transcripts in the above-captioned matter which I have retained. I do not have the discovery in your matter. I will check again but I believe Mr. O‘Keefe as your trial attorney may have retained a copy. As I was relieved as your court appointed attorney, I have no ability to request your discovery for you.
I can make two suggestions to you. First, if Mr. O‘Keefe no longer has the file, Mr. Ostriak may have a copy of your co-defendant‘s discovery. Also, if your family has access to the criminal justice center, some or much of the police paperwork may be in the file as exhibits in the court file.
Id. at 14 (unpaginated) (emphasis added). Thus, as early as October 11, 2012, Appellant was advised by his second counsel that she did not have the documents requested and that, if Attorney O‘Keefe did not have the
documents (a fact which Appellant knew as he alleged that he repeatedly requested documents from Attorney O‘Keefe starting in 2006 and received only one transcript), he should contact his co-defendant‘s lawyer to see if he had copies of the desired materials. Apparently, that is what Appellant ultimately did as he alleges in his PCRA petition that he received a copy of the relevant jury voir dire transcript from his co-defendant, Lamont Childs, on December 31, 2013, more than one year after he was advised by Attorney Cherniack to contact his co-defendant‘s counsel to see if he had the requested materials. Waiting over one year to contact either his co-defendant or his co-defendant‘s counsel to request the relevant transcript does not sufficiently allege that Appellant acted with due diligence.10
Additionally, Appellant alleges in his petition that, after receiving the pertinent jury voir dire transcript on December 31, 2013, he requested the help of a fellow prisoner, Anthony Murphy, on January 31, 2014. PCRA Petition, 3/19/14, at 19 (unpaginated). Appellant asserts “[t]his prisoner . . . agreed to have his friends run a back ground [sic] search of several juror[s]. On February 14th 2014 Murphy sent [Appellant] a copy of [j]uror #2[‘s] . . . docket sheet. [Appellant] promptly filed this PCRA after discovered [sic] that [juror #2] lied.” Id. In support of this allegation, Appellant attaches a hand-written document entitled “Affidavit” dated February 15, 2014 purportedly signed by Anthony Murphy.11 That document provides in its entirety:
I Anthony Murphy FW0863 hearby [sic] declare that the following facts are true and correct to the best of my knowledge & belief[.]
On February 15 [sic] 2014 I gave [Appellant] a common pleas docket sheet with the name of [W.C.][.]
[Appellant] has been asking me to help him to get a background report for over a year but I could not get it until Feb 13 2004 [sic] [.]
PCRA Petition, 3/19/14 at 10 (unpaginated) (emphasis added). Thus, Appellant‘s own petition indicates that he knew about juror #2 and had been seeking a background report on the juror in question for over a year. Moreover, Appellant fails to explain why Anthony Murphy was the sole source of juror #2‘s criminal history or why he did not pursue other avenues when there was a delay in obtaining the requested information from Mr. Murphy. Hence, the
could not have learned the new fact(s) earlier with the exercise of due diligence. This rule is strictly enforced.” Commonwealth v. Brown, 111 A.3d at 176 (emphasis supplied).
Most troubling of all is that the allegations set forth in Appellant‘s March 19, 2014 PCRA petition regarding his inability to obtain the jury voir dire transcript do not appear to be truthful. Contained within the certified record is the PCRA petition filed by Appellant on November 19, 2008, just two years after his conviction. Appellant attached to that petition a typed-written document that contains a section entitled “Basic and Fundamental Error‘s [sic].” PCRA Petition, 11/19/08 at 35. In that section, Appellant asserts that juror #29, S.C., was stricken for cause based on her testimony that she was a victim of a crime. Id. Appellant then cites to notes of testimony (pages 186-187) and quotes the question posed to juror #29 and her answer.12 Id.
This attachment goes on to reference other jurors who were stricken for cause and cites to the relevant transcript pages. Id. Based on the attachments to Appellant‘s November 19, 2008 petition, we can only conclude that Appellant had the relevant notes of testimony from the September 18, 2006 jury voir dire proceeding as early as November 2008.13 Appellant‘s possession and use
Juror #29: Yes.
The Court: Who would that have been?
Juror #29: Me.
The Court: Did it involve the same or similar type of offense or offenses that you heard mentioned here?
Juror #29: No.
The Court: Was it robbery, assault?
Juror #29: it was a robbery.
N.T., 9/18/06, at 186-187. Although not identical, Appellant‘s November 19, 2008 PCRA Petition accurately reflects the contents of the questions and answers with respect to juror #29 and correctly references the pages of the notes of testimony.
of the 2006 jury voir dire transcript in support of his previous November 2008 PCRA petition wholly undercuts the credibility of his present assertion that he did not obtain the jury voir dire transcript until December 31, 2013. In addition, Appellant‘s earlier possession of the jury voir dire transcript advances the trigger date for investigating claims concerning the veracity of juror #2‘s responses to questions posed by the trial judge.14
Order affirmed.
dire transcript on December 31, 2013; therefore, a hearing is not warranted. See Commonwealth v. Eichinger, 108 A.3d 821, 849 (Pa. 2014) (“If a PCRA petitioner‘s . . . allegations are refuted by the existing record, an evidentiary hearing is unwarranted.“).
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 3/2/18
Notes
(a) General rule. – Every citizen of this Commonwealth who is of the required minimum age of voting for State or local officials and who resides in the county shall be qualified to serve as a juror therein unless such citizen:
(The Court) Q. Have you or someone close to you been the victim of a crime? (Juror #29) A. Yes, me, [i]t was a [r]obbery.PCRA Petition, 11/19/08 at 35. The notes of testimony from the voir dire proceeding read:
The Court: You or someone close to you has been the victim of a crime?