United States v. Mayo
2011 U.S. App. LEXIS 11715
| 8th Cir. | 2011Background
- Mayo pleaded guilty to traveling in interstate commerce to engage in illicit sexual conduct with a minor.
- District court sentenced Mayo to 46 months' imprisonment and 15 years' supervised release with special conditions restricting pornography, computer access, and Internet use.
- Special conditions at issue are: (4) ban on pornography; (6) prohibition on possessing or accessing a computer or computer-enabling equipment; (7) Internet access restriction if employment requires computer use.
- The district court's oral sentence for condition 7 conflicted with the written judgment; Mayo failed to timely object to the conditions, triggering plain-error review.
- On appeal, Mayo challenges the validity and tailoring of the three special conditions; the court addresses each under § 3583(d) and related precedents.
- The panel affirms conditions 4 and 7, vacates condition 6, and remands for further proceedings consistent with the opinion.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Are special conditions 4, 6, and 7 properly tailored under § 3583(d)? | Mayo argues 4 and 6 are not reasonably related or overly broad. | Government asserts conditions are related to the offense and protection/deterrence goals. | Special condition 4 upheld; 6 vacated and remanded; 7 upheld as controlled by oral sentence. |
| Is special condition 6 plain error due to ambiguity and lack of individualized findings? | Mayo contends the ban is overbroad and not narrowly tailored. | Government contends prohibition aided deterrence and public protection. | Vacated; remanded for individualized findings and reimposition if appropriate. |
| Does the oral sentence control when conflicting with the written judgment for condition 7? | Not explicitly argued separately. | Oral sentence controls under Foster. | Condition 7 upheld as described orally; not plain error. |
| Is the scope of “computer-enabling equipment” sufficiently defined? | Ambiguity in whether the ban covers more than traditional computers. | Court may uphold under precedent; scope implied. | Ambiguity; remand to clarify and tailor if imposed. |
Key Cases Cited
- U.S. v. Curry, 627 F.3d 312 (8th Cir. 2010) (plain error in porn ban where offense did not relate to pornography)
- U.S. v. Boston, 494 F.3d 660 (8th Cir. 2007) (broad discretion to condition supervised release)
- U.S. v. Stults, 575 F.3d 834 (8th Cir. 2009) (pornography ban not plain error based on offense)
- U.S. v. Ristine, 335 F.3d 692 (8th Cir. 2003) (conditions must be tailored and justified)
- U.S. v. Bender, 566 F.3d 748 (8th Cir. 2009) (need for individualized findings)
- U.S. v. Fields, 324 F.3d 1025 (8th Cir. 2003) (computer prohibition not plain error when offense involved more than possession)
- U.S. v. Kramer, 631 F.3d 900 (8th Cir. 2011) (broad definition of ‘computer’ under statute)
- U.S. v. Olano, 507 U.S. 725 (U.S. 1993) (plain-error standard)
- U.S. v. Crume, 422 F.3d 728 (8th Cir. 2005) (protects constitutional rights under broad discretion)
- U.S. v. Foster, No. 07-00000 (8th Cir. 2008) (oral sentence controls when conflicting with judgment)
