406 P.3d 1257
Wyo.2017Background
- Desmond Triplett was convicted by a Natrona County jury of one count of taking immodest, immoral or indecent liberties with a minor (TP) charged over a 28‑month date range, and three counts of second‑degree sexual abuse of a minor (KW).
- The information and jury instruction for Count One alleged the offense occurred between March 1, 1975 (or 1976 as variously stated) and end of June 1977; no single specific act or date was identified at trial.
- Triplett never objected in district court that the Count One information was duplicitous, never requested a bill of particulars, and did not seek a pretrial ruling under W.R.Cr.P. 12(b)(2).
- Before trial the State sought to introduce 404(b) evidence; the court excluded certain evidence regarding allegations by the defendant’s daughter (JB) and ordered that counsel must approach the bench before exploring that topic.
- During cross‑examination of a defense character witness (the defendant’s daughter Ms. Wilson), the prosecutor asked whether other siblings had accused the defendant of inappropriate touching (triggering a sidebar). Defense moved for a mistrial; the court limited further inquiry but denied the mistrial.
- On appeal Triplett argued (1) the indecent‑liberties count was duplicitous and deprived him of a unanimous verdict and (2) the prosecutor committed misconduct by violating the pretrial bench‑approach order. The Wyoming Supreme Court affirmed.
Issues
| Issue | Triplett's Argument | State's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether Count One was duplicitous for charging a course of conduct over 28 months without identifying a single act | Count One alleged multiple acts as one charge, risking non‑unanimous verdict and inadequate notice | Triplett waived any duplicity claim by failing to object pretrial under W.R.Cr.P. 12(b)(2) | Waived: defendant failed to raise duplicity before trial; claim not preserved for appeal |
| Whether prosecutor committed misconduct by asking a question possibly in violation of the court’s pretrial order regarding allegations by JB | Prosecutor disregarded the court’s order and opened inadmissible, prejudicial evidence requiring mistrial | Question was a permissible cross‑examination of a character witness under W.R.E. 404(a)/405; any procedural misstep did not prejudice defendant | No abuse of discretion in denying mistrial: question was arguably proper under Rules 404(a)/405 and was an isolated instance |
Key Cases Cited
- Cooksey v. State, 359 Md. 1, 752 A.2d 606 (discussing duplicity as a pleading rule)
- McInturff v. State, 808 P.2d 190 (Wyo. 1991) (prohibits trying/convicting for several offenses in one charge)
- Schuler v. State, 181 P.3d 929 (Wyo. 2008) (duplicity waived if not raised before trial)
- United States v. Washington, 653 F.3d 1251 (10th Cir. 2011) (duplicity risks non‑unanimous verdict)
- Ramsey v. State, 124 P.3d 756 (Ariz. Ct. App.) (discussing course‑of‑conduct statutes and duplicity)
- Trujillo v. State, 880 P.2d 575 (Wyo. 1994) (character evidence may be explored on cross‑examination under Rule 404(a))
