414 P.3d 421
Or. Ct. App.2018Background
- Defendant shot and killed a man at his home after they had been drinking; defendant later claimed self-defense and voluntary intoxication.
- Police conducted an ~8-minute custodial interrogation at the station; Detective Knea read Miranda warnings and asked preliminary questions.
- After about five minutes, defendant said, "I think I'm going to get a lawyer," then, shortly after, answered one pending question identifying the victim by name; interrogation continued with officers pressing and provoking him.
- Trial court struck the invocation from the record but denied suppression of the post-invocation portion of the interrogation; the state played that video and highlighted defendant's hostile demeanor to undermine self-defense at closing.
- Defendant was convicted of murder and appealed, arguing police impermissibly continued interrogation after he invoked his right to counsel and that the ensuing statements should have been suppressed.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether defendant waived his Miranda right to counsel by answering a single follow-up question after saying he wanted a lawyer | State: defendant waived because he immediately answered the pending question, showing willingness to continue | Defendant: his request for counsel was an unequivocal invocation and answering the one question did not constitute a voluntary reinitiation or waiver | Court: No waiver — police should have ceased questioning after invocation; officer's follow-up statements were improper interrogation |
| Whether admission of the post-invocation footage was harmless error | State: error was harmless because video was used only to show demeanor, not substantive admissions | Defendant: video was important and unique impeachment evidence on self-defense and demeanor | Court: Error was not harmless — video was important, not cumulative, and could have affected verdict |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Pitt, 352 Or. 566 (discussing scope of reviewing pretrial suppression record)
- State v. Meade, 327 Or. 335 (when invocation of counsel stops questioning; subsequent waiver standard)
- State v. Scott, 343 Or. 195 (prohibition on interrogation after invocation; Innis standard for eliciting incriminating response)
- State v. McAnulty, 356 Or. 432 (examples of reinitiation showing willingness to discuss investigation)
- State v. Kramyer, 222 Or.App. 193 (field-sobriety continuation after request for counsel — contrasted case)
- State v. Davis, 336 Or. 19 (harmless-error standard for constitutional errors)
- State v. Maiden, 222 Or.App. 9 (assessing importance of erroneously admitted evidence to party's theory)
- Rhode Island v. Innis, 446 U.S. 291 (definition of interrogation as words or actions reasonably likely to elicit incriminating response)
