295 P.3d 1147
Or. Ct. App.2013Background
- Defendant was convicted of multiple offenses in two consolidated cases arising from events on September 3 and September 4, 2009.
- In the September 3 case, defendant was convicted of murder, attempted murder, unlawful use of a weapon, felon in possession of a firearm, and unlawful use of a vehicle.
- In the September 4 case, defendant was convicted of second‑degree assault, assaulting a public safety officer, and second‑degree criminal mischief.
- Key issues centered on whether transferred intent applies to murder, whether an eyewitness identification is admissible given possible suggestive police procedures, and an unpreserved challenge to a jury instruction on the natural and probable consequences of an accomplice’s actions.
- The court held transferred intent doctrine remains part of Oregon law; ordered a remand for new hearing on identification under Lawson/James; and reversed/remanded the September 3 murder convictions for that issue, while affirming the remaining September 4 convictions.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether transferred intent applies to murder under Oregon law | State argues doctrine persists post-1971 code | Defendant claims abolition of transferred intent by 1971 code | Transferred intent remains applicable to murder |
| Whether Anderson’s identification was admissible given suggestive procedure | Identification should be admitted; credibility is for jury | Identification tainted by suggestive procedure per Classen | Remand for new hearing under Lawson/James required |
| Whether the jury instruction on natural and probable consequences was preserved | Argument not preserved; trial/course of law | Issue preserved but not argued on appeal | Not reached due to preservation issue; treated as unpreserved |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Murray, 11 Or 413 (1884) (felony murder foundations for transferred intent)
- State v. Grayson, 126 Or 560 (1928) (application of transferred intent in murder context)
- State v. Johnson, 7 Or 210 (1879) (early recognition of transferred intent in Oregon)
- Cannon v. Gladden, 203 Or 629 (1955) (proportionality concerns in punishment for related offenses)
- State v. Rodriguez/Buck, 347 Or 46 (2009) (proportionality/merger considerations in murder jurisprudence)
- State v. Alonzo, 249 Or App 149 (2012) (relevance to appellate review and preservation in criminal appeals)
- State v. Lawson / James, 352 Or 724 (2012) (revised framework for eyewitness reliability; system/estimator variables; remand procedure)
