461 P.3d 1080
Or. Ct. App.2020Background
- Defendant Joel Harris was charged with fourth-degree assault and unlawful use of a weapon after injuring his live-in girlfriend. He stipulated before trial that he had a prior fourth-degree assault conviction against the same victim, which converted the current offense to a felony; the State therefore agreed not to introduce evidence of that prior conviction.
- During the victim’s emotional testimony, she said that defendant had "done that in the past," and elsewhere said she had told defendant’s employer there "had been a previous issue."
- Defense immediately moved for a mistrial based on those references. The trial court struck the testimony and gave a curative instruction, denying the mistrial motion.
- Defendant was convicted of two Class C felonies and sentenced to 60 months’ imprisonment plus 24 months’ post-prison supervision (PPS) on each count, resulting in an aggregate term of 84 months.
- On appeal defendant argued the trial court erred by denying a mistrial and by imposing a sentence that exceeded the statutory maximum; the State conceded the sentencing error.
Issues
| Issue | State's Argument | Harris's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether victim’s statement that defendant "had done that in the past" required a mistrial for violating the stipulation / injecting prior-acts evidence | Statement was ambiguous, did not assert a prior conviction or set of facts, and a curative instruction could cure any prejudice | The remark implied prior domestic violence/evidence of bad character in violation of the pretrial stipulation and was unfairly prejudicial | No abuse of discretion in denying mistrial; statement ambiguous and curative instruction sufficient (jury presumed to follow instruction) |
| Whether victim’s comment to employer that there "had been a previous issue" required mistrial | Ambiguous and curable | Unfairly prejudicial and violated stipulation | Rejected as ambiguous; no reversible error |
| Whether imposing 24 months’ PPS in addition to 60 months’ imprisonment (total 84 months) exceeded the statutory maximum for Class C felonies | State concedes the combined term exceeded the 60‑month statutory maximum and that the sentence was plain error | Sentence violates statutory maximum; requires correction | Court accepts concession, treats as plain error, corrects by remanding for resentencing |
| Whether the trial court erred by refusing a unanimity instruction / entering convictions on a nonunanimous verdict | These claims are foreclosed by precedent | Error asserted on appeal | Rejected as foreclosed by State v. Bowen |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Brostrom, 214 Or App 604 (trial error to admit evidence of prior conviction after judicial admission)
- State v. Serrano, 355 Or 172 (mistrial motion reviewed for abuse of discretion)
- State v. Woodall, 259 Or App 67 (curative instruction can cure prejudicial testimony in sex‑abuse context)
- State v. Oxford, 302 Or App 407 (curative instruction appropriate for potentially prejudicial admissions)
- State v. Williams, 276 Or App 688 (curative instruction sufficed to mitigate suggestive investigative comments)
- State v. Garrison, 266 Or App 749 (curative instruction appropriate where jury heard about prior investigation)
- State v. Evans, 281 Or App 771 (appellate correction/remand for sentences exceeding statutory maximum)
- State v. Reyes, 301 Or App 841 (remand where imprisonment plus PPS exceeded statutory maximum)
- State v. Bowen, 215 Or App 199 (claims about jury unanimity foreclosed)
- State v. Moreno‑Hernandez, 365 Or 175 (procedural note on remand and unresolved sentencing/fines issues)
