State v. Godfrey
301 Kan. 1041
Kan.2015Background
- Godfrey pled guilty to first-degree felony murder and aggravated battery; plea agreement included a provision recommending placement at Larned State Hospital and concurrent sentences.
- At the first scheduled sentencing Godfrey requested and received a continuance saying he intended to move to withdraw his plea; no motion was ever filed.
- At the second sentencing the State asked the court to recommend Larned placement; defense counsel explained there had been a misunderstanding about whether placement was "in lieu of sentencing" (K.S.A. 22-3430) or merely a recommendation to the DOC.
- Godfrey’s counsel ultimately acknowledged the disagreement but told the court Godfrey wished to proceed with sentencing and accepted the State’s interpretation.
- The district court sentenced Godfrey and recommended that the Secretary of Corrections consider transfer to Larned, consistent with the parties’ agreement as the court understood it.
- On appeal Godfrey argued the State breached the plea agreement by not seeking commitment to Larned in lieu of sentencing; the Court of Appeals declined to reach the merits because Godfrey failed to preserve the claim by contemporaneous objection or by moving to withdraw the plea.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the State breached the plea agreement by not seeking commitment to Larned in lieu of sentencing | Godfrey: agreement was ambiguous and should be interpreted to require the State to move for commitment to Larned under K.S.A. 22-3430 | State: it only agreed to recommend Larned placement to the DOC; no breach occurred and defense accepted that interpretation at sentencing | The claim is unpreserved; court declined to address the merits because Godfrey failed to object or move to withdraw the plea and did not invoke an exception allowing first-time appellate review |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Urista, 296 Kan. 576 (discussing circumstances in which post-plea claims may be considered if contemporaneous objection was lodged)
- State v. Peterson, 296 Kan. 563 (same)
- State v. Gomez, 290 Kan. 858 (general rule that constitutional claims not raised below cannot be raised first on appeal)
- State v. Spotts, 288 Kan. 650 (three exceptions allowing appellate consideration of unpreserved constitutional issues)
- State v. Dukes, 290 Kan. 485 (application of Spotts exceptions)
- State v. Williams, 298 Kan. 1075 (importance of complying with briefing rules and preservation requirements; stricter enforcement of Rule 6.02)
- State v. Johnson, 293 Kan. 959 (prior application denying appellate review of unpreserved issues)
