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677 F.Supp.3d 1252
D. Utah
2023
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Background

  • Southern Utah Drag Stars (Drag Stars) and performer Mitski Avalōx applied for a special-event permit to hold a family-friendly "Allies Drag Show" in a St. George public park; the City denied the permit for "advertising" before final permit issuance and then imposed a 6‑month moratorium on new special-event applications.
  • City Code §§ 3-10-3 and 3-10-4(c) prohibit promoting or advertising a special event before permit issuance; the City had never enforced that advertising prohibition before March 2023.
  • After complaints about the drag event, City staff investigated pending applicants and found many had "advertised." The City subsequently exempted most identified violators (recurring or "City-sponsored" events) and amended the ordinance to allow retroactive exemptions.
  • Drag Stars’ permit was abruptly denied (based on a vendor-platform post), its administrative appeal to the City Council was denied, and Drag Stars sued in federal court alleging First and Fourteenth Amendment violations.
  • The court found the advertising prohibition and moratorium to be vague, overbroad, and (as applied) unconstitutional prior restraints and discriminatory in enforcement; it granted a mandatory preliminary injunction ordering the City to reverse the denial, issue a permit for June 30, 2023 (Sunbowl or JC Snow per plaintiffs’ election), and enjoining enforcement of the advertising rules and moratorium as to plaintiffs.

Issues

Issue Plaintiff's Argument Defendant's Argument Held
Standing / Mootness Denial injured speech; court relief would redress No prior app for June 30; relief moot Standing exists; case not moot; relief may include new date
Advertising prohibition — Overbreadth / Vagueness Undefined "advertise/promote" chills broad protected speech; deters organizers Protects public order, avoids promoter losses Likely unconstitutional as overbroad and void for vagueness
Advertising prohibition — Prior restraint / Viewpoint discrimination Absolute advertising ban is prior restraint; enforcement targeted drag speech Content-neutral safety/children protection interest Prior restraint unconstitutional; evidence shows discriminatory, pretextual enforcement
Moratorium — Overbreadth / Prior restraint City-wide six-month ban on all new public-event permits overly broad and unnecessary Needed to study park use and craft regulations Likely unconstitutional as overbroad/prior restraint as applied to plaintiffs
Remedy / Mandatory injunction Reverse denial and order issuance for June 30 event Mandatory injunction is extraordinary and alters status quo Court granted mandatory injunction: reverse denial, issue permit for June 30, enjoin enforcement as to plaintiffs

Key Cases Cited

  • Grosjean v. Am. Press Co., 297 U.S. 233 (discusses constitutional protections for press and speech)
  • Freedman v. State of Maryland, 380 U.S. 51 (prior restraints bear a heavy presumption against validity)
  • FW/PBS, Inc. v. City of Dallas, 493 U.S. 215 (licensing schemes must avoid undue delay; time limits required)
  • Forsyth Cnty. v. Nationalist Movement, 505 U.S. 123 (permits and fees that permit unfettered official discretion are invalid)
  • Perry Educ. Ass'n v. Perry Loc. Educators' Ass'n, 460 U.S. 37 (public‑forum analysis)
  • Brown v. Ent. Merchants Ass'n, 564 U.S. 786 (government interest in protecting children has limits; nonobscene speech remains protected)
  • Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (establishes obscenity standard)
Read the full case

Case Details

Case Name: Southern Utah Drag Stars v. City of St. George
Court Name: District Court, D. Utah
Date Published: Jun 16, 2023
Citations: 677 F.Supp.3d 1252; 4:23-cv-00044
Docket Number: 4:23-cv-00044
Court Abbreviation: D. Utah
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