2011 Ohio 5272
Ohio Ct. App.2011Background
- Pruitt joined Strong Style Fitness in January 2009, paying for two months of membership and ten personal training sessions.
- Upon joining, Pruitt signed a general membership form and a separate Strong Style Rules and Regulations document containing an exculpatory waiver.
- The waiver released Strong Style and its agents from any negligence claims, expressly including bodily injury and death arising from gym activities and related medical conditions.
- During a fifth training session, Pruitt used an incline leg press under Lyons’s supervision; the machine required a 45-degree seated position and a safety catch to be engaged.
- Pruitt pressed 350 pounds; after finishing, he could not visually confirm the safety catch was fully engaged, and the platform allegedly disengaged, causing knee injuries.
- Strong Style moved for summary judgment; the trial court granted it, concluding the release was enforceable and Pruitt had no viable negligence claim.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the exculpatory clause is enforceable | Pruitt argues the clause is unconscionable/ambiguous and against public policy. | Strong Style contends the clause is clear, unambiguous, and enforceable. | Exculpatory clause enforceable; contract terms clear and not unconscionable. |
| Whether the clause is procedurally or substantively unconscionable | Pruitt contends unequal bargaining power and lack of opportunity to negotiate. | Strong Style asserts terms were clearly presented; Pruitt could have walked away. | Not procedurally or substantively unconscionable; terms were clearly disclosed and understood. |
| Whether the exculpatory clause bars a negligence claim against Strong Style and Lyons | Pruitt maintains the release does not cover all potential negligent acts or specific trainer conduct. | Release covers negligence by Strong Style and its staff, including trainers. | Yes; the release bars recovery for negligence, including trainer conduct. |
Key Cases Cited
- Motorists Mut. Ins. Co. v. Jones, 9 Ohio Misc. 113, 223 N.E.2d 381 (Ohio Misc. 1966) (contractual liability waivers evaluated on bargaining position and optional consideration)
