People v. Park
56 Cal. 4th 782
| Cal. | 2013Background
- Park pleaded guilty in 2003 to felony assault with a deadly weapon (Pen. Code, § 245, subd. (a)(1)); the court suspended imposition of sentence and placed him on probation.
- In 2006, the prior offense was reduced to a misdemeanor under § 17, subd. (b)(3) and later dismissed under § 1203.4, subd. (a)(1).
- In a subsequent prosecution, Park was convicted of assault with a firearm and related offenses, with prior serious felony allegations admitted but the court had stated the prior offense was reduced to a misdemeanor.
- Park received a 24-year total sentence, including a five-year enhancement under § 667(a) based on the prior serious felony conviction.
- The Court of Appeal affirmed the five-year enhancement; the Supreme Court granted review to decide the effect of § 17(b)(3) reductions on § 667(a) eligibility.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether a wobble r v. 17(b)(3) reduction to a misdemeanor prevents § 667(a) from applying. | People argued the prior assault remained a serious felony. | Park argued the reduction to a misdemeanor erased the prior felony status. | No; § 667(a) does not apply when the wobble is reduced to a misdemeanor under § 17(b)(3). |
| What is the effect of § 1203.4 dismissal on use of the prior conviction for § 667(a) enhancement. | Prosecution relied on § 1203.4 to preserve the prior felony status for enhancement. | Dismissal under § 1203.4 does not resurrect the prior felony status. | § 1203.4 does not override § 17(b)(3); prior wobblers reduced to misdemeanor are not felonies for § 667(a). |
| Do the voters’ intents in Prop. 8 and related constitutional provisions override § 17(b)(3) when applying § 667(a)? | Prop. 8 intends enhanced punishment for prior felonies regardless of later reductions. | No repeal by implication; § 17(b)(3) remains controlling absent explicit contrary intent. | No implied repeal; § 17(b)(3) governs; prior wobblers reduced to misdemeanors cannot support § 667(a). |
| Does Three Strikes interact with § 17(b)(3) reductions in determining sentence enhancements? | Three Strikes could still apply given prior conviction status. | Three Strikes status depends on the date of prior conviction and its final classification. | Three Strikes still doubles the current sentence; § 17(b)(3) does not convert prior status for § 667(a). |
Key Cases Cited
- Banks v. State, 53 Cal.2d 370 (Cal. 1959) (wobbler reduced to misdemeanor precludes later use as prior felony for enhancements when sentence imposed otherwise)
- Feyrer v. Superior Court, 48 Cal.4th 426 (Cal. 2010) (discusses suspension of imposition and probation; limits of § 17(b) interaction with other statutes)
- In re Anderson, 69 Cal.2d 613 (Cal. 1968) (reentry of probation impact on felony/misdemeanor classification)
- People v. Crowson, 33 Cal.3d 623 (Cal. 1983) (defendant may appeal legal question of prior felony status despite admission)
- People v. West, 154 Cal.App.3d 100 (Cal. Ct. App. 1984) (interprets § 667(a) and prior conviction definitions)
- People v. Camarillo, 84 Cal.App.4th 1386 (Cal. Ct. App. 2000) (limits on applying § 667(a) when wobblers reduced under § 17(b))
- Perez v. Superior Court, 38 Cal.App.4th 347 (Cal. Ct. App. 1995) (historical context of § 17 and wobblers)
