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6 Cal. App. 5th 1199
Cal. Ct. App.
2016
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Background

  • Defendant Tommie Lee Kindall was convicted by a jury of felony battery causing serious bodily injury and two misdemeanors (assault and domestic violence).
  • After the verdict but before the court trial on prior prison-term enhancements (§ 667.5(b)), three prior felony drug convictions were reduced to misdemeanors under Proposition 47 (§ 1170.18).
  • At the court trial on priors, the trial court found seven prior prison terms true, including three based on the now-reduced drug convictions, and sentenced Kindall to the upper term of 4 years plus seven one-year prior-term enhancements (totaling 11 years, with nine in county jail and two years supervised release).
  • Kindall appealed, alleging ineffective assistance for failure to object to prosecutor’s closing arguments, challenging the three prior-term enhancements based on convictions reduced under Prop. 47, and noting a typographical error in the abstract of judgment (restitution fine).
  • The Court of Appeal affirmed in part, held the three prior-term enhancements based on convictions reduced to misdemeanors must be stricken, rejected the ineffective-assistance claim, and directed correction of the abstract (restoration of the $3,300 restitution fine figure).

Issues

Issue Plaintiff's Argument Defendant's Argument Held
1. Whether defense counsel was ineffective for failing to object to prosecutor's closing remarks Prosecutor's comments were proper argument tied to the evidence and instructions; objections would be futile Failure to object forfeited prosecutorial-misconduct claim; counsel was ineffective Rejected: record does not show counsel acted below standards or that objections would have succeeded; no ineffective assistance on direct appeal
2. Whether three prior prison-term enhancements (§ 667.5(b)) based on felonies reduced to misdemeanors under Prop. 47 must be stricken People: current felony preceded reductions, so priors still usable; Prop. 47 reductions should not be applied retroactively to defeat enhancements Kindall: at time priors were adjudicated, the convictions were misdemeanors “for all purposes,” so they cannot support prior-felony findings Granted for these three priors: once reduced before adjudication of priors, they were not "previous felony convictions" and cannot support § 667.5(b) enhancements
3. Whether the abstract of judgment correctly states the restitution fine amount Agreed court record controls; abstract contains typographical error Court should correct abstract to reflect $3,300 fine Court directed correction of abstract to reflect the $3,300 restitution fine

Key Cases Cited

  • People v. Linton, 56 Cal.4th 1146 (addresses preservation of prosecutorial-misconduct claims and the need for timely objections)
  • People v. Ledesma, 43 Cal.3d 171 (ineffective-assistance of counsel standard)
  • People v. Tenner, 6 Cal.4th 559 (prior prison-term finding requires proof defendant was previously convicted of a felony)
  • People v. Rivera, 233 Cal.App.4th 1085 (discussion of Prop. 47 reduction language and retroactivity considerations)
  • People v. Park, 56 Cal.4th 782 (section 17 reduction to misdemeanor cannot thereafter support certain prior enhancements; interprets "misdemeanor for all purposes" language)
Read the full case

Case Details

Case Name: People v. Kindall
Court Name: California Court of Appeal
Date Published: Dec 22, 2016
Citations: 6 Cal. App. 5th 1199; 211 Cal. Rptr. 3d 888; 2016 Cal. App. LEXIS 1124; C078996
Docket Number: C078996
Court Abbreviation: Cal. Ct. App.
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    People v. Kindall, 6 Cal. App. 5th 1199