6 Cal. App. 5th 1199
Cal. Ct. App.2016Background
- Defendant Tommie Lee Kindall was convicted by a jury of felony battery causing serious bodily injury and two misdemeanors (assault and domestic violence).
- After the verdict but before the court trial on prior prison-term enhancements (§ 667.5(b)), three prior felony drug convictions were reduced to misdemeanors under Proposition 47 (§ 1170.18).
- At the court trial on priors, the trial court found seven prior prison terms true, including three based on the now-reduced drug convictions, and sentenced Kindall to the upper term of 4 years plus seven one-year prior-term enhancements (totaling 11 years, with nine in county jail and two years supervised release).
- Kindall appealed, alleging ineffective assistance for failure to object to prosecutor’s closing arguments, challenging the three prior-term enhancements based on convictions reduced under Prop. 47, and noting a typographical error in the abstract of judgment (restitution fine).
- The Court of Appeal affirmed in part, held the three prior-term enhancements based on convictions reduced to misdemeanors must be stricken, rejected the ineffective-assistance claim, and directed correction of the abstract (restoration of the $3,300 restitution fine figure).
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Whether defense counsel was ineffective for failing to object to prosecutor's closing remarks | Prosecutor's comments were proper argument tied to the evidence and instructions; objections would be futile | Failure to object forfeited prosecutorial-misconduct claim; counsel was ineffective | Rejected: record does not show counsel acted below standards or that objections would have succeeded; no ineffective assistance on direct appeal |
| 2. Whether three prior prison-term enhancements (§ 667.5(b)) based on felonies reduced to misdemeanors under Prop. 47 must be stricken | People: current felony preceded reductions, so priors still usable; Prop. 47 reductions should not be applied retroactively to defeat enhancements | Kindall: at time priors were adjudicated, the convictions were misdemeanors “for all purposes,” so they cannot support prior-felony findings | Granted for these three priors: once reduced before adjudication of priors, they were not "previous felony convictions" and cannot support § 667.5(b) enhancements |
| 3. Whether the abstract of judgment correctly states the restitution fine amount | Agreed court record controls; abstract contains typographical error | Court should correct abstract to reflect $3,300 fine | Court directed correction of abstract to reflect the $3,300 restitution fine |
Key Cases Cited
- People v. Linton, 56 Cal.4th 1146 (addresses preservation of prosecutorial-misconduct claims and the need for timely objections)
- People v. Ledesma, 43 Cal.3d 171 (ineffective-assistance of counsel standard)
- People v. Tenner, 6 Cal.4th 559 (prior prison-term finding requires proof defendant was previously convicted of a felony)
- People v. Rivera, 233 Cal.App.4th 1085 (discussion of Prop. 47 reduction language and retroactivity considerations)
- People v. Park, 56 Cal.4th 782 (section 17 reduction to misdemeanor cannot thereafter support certain prior enhancements; interprets "misdemeanor for all purposes" language)
