280 P.3d 959
Okla.2012Background
- Oklahoma amended §34.70(B)(5) to require 2,000 dues-paying state employees for voluntary payroll deductions; prior law set 1,000.
- Corrections Association, with ~1,900 members, sued to block termination of deductions and preserve status quo.
- Federal district court dismissed federal claims for lack of standing and declined supplemental state claims.
- The Tenth Circuit certified questions to Oklahoma, asking severability of the 2,000-member requirement under OK law.
- Oklahoma Supreme Court held the 2,000-member date is severable if unconstitutional, leaving the rest of the statute intact.
- If severed, the remainder would still authorize voluntary payroll deductions for associations and related purposes.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Can the numerosity requirement be severed under Oklahoma law? | Corrections Association. | Jackson/Administrator. | Yes, severable under 75 O.S.2011 § 11a. |
| Would severance restore the prior 1,000-member threshold or eliminate the language entirely? | Advisory depends on severance. | Statute would be rewritten if severed. | Advisory only; the issue largely moot. |
| Does severance alter the statute’s primary purpose or its operational meaning? | Severance preserves express payroll deductions. | Removal changes legislative design. | The balance can stand; severed provision not essential. |
Key Cases Cited
- Leavitt v. Jane, 518 U.S. 137 (1996) (standard severability framework from federal constitution)
- In re Harris, 49 P.3d 710 (Okla. 2002) (procedural guidance on factual bounds of certification)
- Liddell v. Heavner, 180 P.3d 1191 (Okla. 2008) (state constitutional due process discussions)
- Conaghan v. Riverfield Country Day School, 163 P.3d 557 (Okla. 2007) (severability and statutory interpretation principles)
- Wilson v. Fallin, 262 P.3d 741 (Okla. 2011) (constitutional questions in Oklahoma Supreme Court context)
