432 S.W.3d 535
Tex. App.2014Background
- McGonagles purchased property in Granbury, Texas, subject to a dedication instrument requiring relocation of a bungalow and city approvals;
- They knew of the dedication instrument and allegedly sought its removal before closing, with seller allegedly promising it was taken care of;
- The purchase contract incorporated the Granbury Historical Society Agreement and attached the dedication instrument, binding on current owner and successors;
- At closing they obtained a Stewart Title title policy with exclusions, including unmarketable title and a Schedule B exception for restrictive covenants that was deleted;
- McGonagles relied on the deletion to conclude the dedication instrument had been removed and would not affect title or resale;
- They sued the seller and Stewart Title for breach of contract, negligence, gross negligence, and Texas Insurance Code/DTCA violations; trial court granted summary judgments in Stewart Title’s favor; appellate court affirms.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Does the title policy cover losses from the dedication instrument? | McGonagles argue the dedication is a title defect within covered risks or at least not excluded; | Stewart Title contends the dedication instrument does not affect ownership and is excluded as an assumed defect; | No coverage; dedication instrument does not affect fee simple ownership and is excluded as assumed. |
| Did deleting the Schedule B exception constitute a misrepresentation about title or coverage? | McGonagles rely on Garrett to claim deletion implied removal of instrument and misrepresented coverage; | Deletion simply reflects form practice; no misrepresentation or duty to disclose remained. | Deletion not a misrepresentation; insurer owed no duty to inform about remaining encumbrances; no liability. |
Key Cases Cited
- Hanson Bus. Park, L.P. v. First Nat’l Title Ins. Co., 209 S.W.3d 867 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2006) (title defect requires ownership impact; marketable title vs. ownership rights)
- First City Mortg. Co. v. Gillis, 694 S.W.2d 144 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1985) (insured presumed to know contract terms; contract governs)
- First Title Co. of Waco v. Garrett, 860 S.W.2d 74 (Tex. 1993) (insertion of none of record constitutes misrepresentation; deletion differs)
- Miller Global Props., LLC v. Marriott Int’l, Inc., 418 S.W.3d 342 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2013) (arm’s-length contract terms govern expectations)
- Chicago Title Ins. Co. v. McDaniel, 875 S.W.2d 310 (Tex. 1994) (insurer indemnifies against title defects; no duty to disclose encumbrances)
- Hanson, 209 S.W.3d 867, same as above () (reiterated)
- Martinka v. Commonwealth Land Title Ins. Co., 836 S.W.2d 773 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1992) (insurer not required to point out encumbrances; indemnity scope)
- First Am. Title Co. of El Paso v. Prata, 783 S.W.2d 697 (Tex. App.—El Paso 1989) (covenants that cloud title may affect title)
