Kirk Thomas Morrow v. State
11-13-00326-CR
| Tex. App. | Aug 21, 2015Background
- Appellant Kirk Morrow was convicted by a jury of burglary of a habitation and sentenced to 25 years' confinement.
- On the day of the offense Morrow had voluntarily ingested alcohol and drugs, became intoxicated, was attacked by friends, fled to what he believed was a friend’s house, entered (evidence indicated through a window), hid in the attic, kicked through the ceiling, and was found in a bedroom by the homeowner.
- The State filed a notice to impeach Morrow with prior convictions; two residential burglary convictions from 1989 and 1991 were ruled admissible by the trial court under a probative-versus-prejudicial analysis.
- Morrow testified and, on direct examination, disclosed those prior convictions himself; the State then cross‑examined him about them.
- Morrow appealed, raising (1) erroneous admission of the prior convictions and (2) ineffective assistance of counsel for failing to request a necessity instruction.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Admission of prior convictions | Morrow: convictions were too remote and prejudicial. | State: convictions were admissible; but Morrow himself introduced them at trial. | Waived — Morrow preemptively introduced the convictions by testifying; he cannot complain on appeal. |
| Ineffective assistance for not requesting necessity instruction | Morrow: counsel was deficient for not requesting necessity instruction; jury could have acquitted. | State: Morrow voluntarily intoxicated himself and placed himself in the position requiring escape; he was not entitled to necessity. | No deficiency — counsel not ineffective for failing to seek an instruction to which defendant was not entitled. |
Key Cases Cited
- Ohler v. United States, 529 U.S. 753 (preemptive introduction of evidence waives appellate challenge)
- Theus v. State, 845 S.W.2d 874 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992) (framework for balancing probative value and prejudicial effect of prior crimes evidence)
- Rogers v. State, 853 S.W.2d 29 (recognition that a defendant who introduces prior-conviction evidence may not later complain)
- Wootton v. State, 132 S.W.3d 80 (same principle applied at appellate level)
- Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (standard for ineffective assistance of counsel)
- Wiggins v. Smith, 539 U.S. 510 (prejudice prong and reasonable-probability standard under Strickland)
- Perez v. State, 310 S.W.3d 890 (failure on either Strickland prong is fatal)
- Young v. State, 991 S.W.2d 835 (no deficiency for failing to request unavailable instruction)
- Ray v. State, 419 S.W.3d 467 (defendant who places himself in position requiring escape is not entitled to necessity instruction)
