in the Interest of E.J.G., Z.M.E.G., and M.B.G., Children
10-21-00217-CV
Tex. App.Feb 25, 2022Background
- Joshua G. appealed a Navarro County judgment terminating his parental rights to three children (E.J.G., Z.M.E.G., M.B.G.).
- Termination was based on a mediated settlement agreement and Joshua's voluntary affidavit of relinquishment.
- Appointed appellate counsel filed an Anders brief asserting the appeal had no nonfrivolous issues and moved to withdraw; Joshua received the record and filed a pro se response listing potential issues.
- The court independently reviewed the record and counsel’s Anders brief, as required in Anders proceedings for termination appeals.
- The court concluded the appeal was frivolous and affirmed the trial court’s termination judgment.
- The court denied counsel’s motion to withdraw because, under Texas Supreme Court precedent, filing an Anders brief alone does not necessarily establish the “good cause” required to permit withdrawal; counsel remains appointed for any supreme court proceedings.
Issues
| Issue | Joshua's Argument | Department/Counsel's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether any non-frivolous appellate issues exist | Joshua listed multiple potential issues in a pro se response | Appellate counsel (Anders) contended no arguable issues exist after review | Court independently reviewed record and held appeal is frivolous (no meritorious issues) |
| Whether Anders procedures apply to parental-termination appeals | Implied acceptance of right to review and file pro se response | Counsel invoked Anders as applicable to termination appeals | Court applied Anders procedures (citing precedent) and reviewed record independently |
| Whether counsel may withdraw based solely on filing an Anders brief | Counsel moved to withdraw on basis that no arguable issues exist | State/Texas precedent: Anders motion to withdraw alone may be premature; need good cause beyond brief | Court denied motion to withdraw; counsel not relieved and remains appointed for further review |
| Scope of appeal when judgment is based on mediated settlement and affidavit of relinquishment | Joshua sought review of issues identified in his response | Counsel argued the mediated settlement and voluntary relinquishment limit appealable issues | Court noted the limited range of permissible issues and found none meritorious |
Key Cases Cited
- Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967) (procedure for appointed counsel to assert appeal frivolous and file brief)
- In re E.L.Y., 69 S.W.3d 838 (Tex. App.—Waco 2002) (Anders procedures applicable to termination-of-parental-rights appeals)
- In the Interest of P.M., 520 S.W.3d 24 (Tex. 2016) (An Anders motion to withdraw, without additional grounds, may be premature for purposes of withdrawal under Family Code)
- In re Schulman, 252 S.W.3d 403 (Tex. Crim. App. 2008) (standards for appellate counsel’s duties when filing an Anders-type brief)
- High v. State, 573 S.W.2d 807 (Tex. Crim. App. 1978) (procedural guidance for counsel duties in Anders context)
- Stafford v. State, 813 S.W.2d 503 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991) (appellate court’s duty to independently examine record after Anders filing)
- McCoy v. Court of Appeals, 486 U.S. 429 (1988) (definition of frivolous argument: cannot conceivably persuade the court)
- In re G.P., 503 S.W.3d 531 (Tex. App.—Waco 2016) (affirming independent-review duty and standards in Anders context)
