288 P.3d 1140
Wash.2012Background
- Morris filed a timely personal restraint petition alleging a public trial right violation due to in-chambers voir dire and ineffective appellate counsel for not raising it on direct review.
- The case is analytically indistinguishable from In re Personal Restraint of Orange; the court reaffirmed Orange and held relief on collateral review if appellate counsel failed to raise a clearly prejudicial public-trial issue.
- Morris also challenged trial-evidentiary decisions about a proposed defense expert (Daly) and claimed trial counsel was ineffective for not presenting Daly’s testimony.
- The trial court limited Daly’s testimony on certain topics and excluded others based on prior cases; Morris’s defense did not call Daly and ultimately relied on other evidence.
- The Court of Appeals and Supreme Court ultimately reversed and remanded for a new trial on the public-trial issue, while sustaining the evidentiary and trial-counsel challenges as not independently reversible.
- The decision also discusses possible use of a Bone-Club analysis and notes that Daly’s testimony issues did not amount to a complete miscarriage of justice.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Did in-chambers voir dire violate the public-trial right? | Morris | State | Appellate counsel’s failure to raise the issue constitutes ineffectiveness; prejudice presumed on direct review; remand for new trial. |
| Did the trial court err in excluding Daly’s expert testimony on police standard of care and suggestibility? | Morris | State | Trial court committed an abuse of discretion on the standard-of-care and suggestibility rulings, but no complete miscarriage of justice; no collateral relief for these evidentiary errors. |
| Was trial counsel ineffective for not objecting to Daly’s videotaped interview and for not calling Daly? | Morris | State | No ineffective assistance; strategic or tactical reasons supported counsel’s decisions; no prejudice shown. |
| Do these errors cumulatively warrant reversal? | Morris | State | No reversible cumulative error given the defense’s ability to present relevant theory and no substantial impact on outcome. |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Bone-Club, 128 Wn.2d 254 (1995) ( Bone-Club factors for closure analysis before public trial closure)
- In re Pers. Restraint of Orange, 152 Wn.2d 795 (2004) (public-trial right; ineffectiveness of appellate counsel; remand for new trial)
- State v. Wise, 176 Wn.2d 1 (2012) (bone-club/public-trial analysis guiding collateral review)
- State v. Paumier, 176 Wn.2d 29 (2012) (public-trial issues in collateral review; Bone-Club framework)
- State v. Strode, 167 Wn.2d 222 (2009) (presumed prejudice on direct review; collateral standards differ)
- In re Pers. Restraint of St. Pierre, 118 Wn.2d 321 (1992) (collateral review prejudice standards; higher standard under collateral review)
- State v. Brightman, 155 Wn.2d 506 (2005) (public-trial rights; jury selection openness)
