In Re the Marriage of Traster
339 P.3d 778
| Kan. | 2014Background
- David drafted a 2004 post-marital agreement allocating most assets to Debra but stating it was fair and enforceable under Kansas law.
- The parties also executed a related post-nuptial document designating David's separate assets; Debra relied on her parents' contributions and Debra's limited employability due to brain injury.
- The district court initially treated the 2004 agreement as a separation agreement under K.S.A. 60-1610(b)(3) and later voided it as against public policy for encouraging divorce.
- The court then crafted a just and reasonable division under K.S.A. 60-1610(b)(1) in the absence of an enforceable agreement, awarding Debra maintenance and life insurance.
- The Court of Appeals reversed, ruling the 2004 agreement qualified as a separation agreement under 60-1610(b)(3) and should be incorporated, with fees governed by indemnity clauses.
- The Supreme Court reversed in part, holding the 2004 agreement is a separation agreement under 60-1610(b)(3) and remands for a detailed just-and-equitable analysis, while declining to affirm attorney-fee conclusions.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Is the 2004 agreement a separation agreement under 60-1610(b)(3)? | Traster contends it is not a separation agreement; it is a postmarital contract. | Debra argues it is a postmarital agreement not governed by 60-1610(b)(3) and should be controlled by common law. | Yes; the agreement is a separation agreement under 60-1610(b)(3). |
| Did the district court err in voiding the agreement as against public policy? | Public policy analysis was improper; the agreement should not be voided merely because of disparity. | Disproportionate division created an incentive to divorce, violating public policy. | The public-policy rationale was abrogated by statute; the agreement is not void on that basis. |
| Is the agreement just and equitable under 60-1610(b)(3) for incorporation? | The agreement was fair and voluntary; the district court should honor it. | The district court must assess whether terms are just and equitable given the circumstances. | Remand for a detailed just-and-equitable review consistent with 60-1610(b)(3). |
| Should attorney-fee provisions survive if the agreement is incorporated? | Indemnity provisions should govern fees if incorporated. | Any fee issues depend on the just-and-equitable determination and indemnity terms. | Remand may address indemnity-based fee allocation; no final fee ruling on remand. |
Key Cases Cited
- Ranney v. Ranney, 219 Kan. 428 (Kan. 1976) (public policy with prenuptial-like separations; liberal contract interpretation)
- Fincham v. Fincham, 160 Kan. 683 (Kan. 1946) (contracts fixing property rights; public policy distinction for separation)
- In re Marriage of Adams, 240 Kan. 315 (Kan. 1986) (premarital agreements framework and enforceability)
- In re Marriage of Traster, 291 P.3d 494 (Kan. App. 2012) (two post-marriage categories; separation vs postmarital agreement analysis)
- Frazier v. Goudschaal, 296 Kan. 730 (Kan. 2013) (standard for contracts enforcing public-policy analysis)
- Davis v. Miller, 269 Kan. 732 (Kan. 2000) (choice-of-law provision in postmarital context; enforceability)
