Herrington v. the State
332 Ga. App. 828
Ga. Ct. App.2015Background
- Defendant Johnny Herrington was convicted by a jury of possession of a sawed-off shotgun, giving false information to a law enforcement officer, and possession of a firearm by a convicted felon.
- On the morning of trial, while represented by a public defender, Herrington told the court he wanted to "replace my counsel" and at one point said "I will represent myself." The court warned him of the dangers of self-representation, discussed the matter, then directed counsel to confer with Herrington; trial proceeded with the same counsel.
- Herrington later testified that he gave officers an ID bearing the name "Jeffrey Curvin," denied ownership/knowledge of the shotgun found in plain view in the trailer, and claimed he feared a probation violation.
- The State introduced evidence of two prior misdemeanor convictions for giving false information (1991 and 1998) to show intent/bent of mind; the record does not show Herrington had counsel in those prior proceedings.
- Herrington appealed, arguing (1) the trial court denied his right to self-representation and (2) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to object to introduction of the two uncounseled prior convictions.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Right to self-representation | Herrington contends the court erred by denying his Faretta right when he said he wanted to represent himself the morning of trial. | State argues his remarks were not an unequivocal pretrial assertion of the right and he abandoned the request. | Court: No error — remarks were equivocal and effectively abandoned; no unequivocal assertion before trial. |
| Ineffective assistance for not objecting to admission of prior uncounseled convictions | Herrington argues counsel was deficient for not objecting to evidence of two uncounseled false-information convictions (inadmissible under Gideon/Burgett) and that he was prejudiced. | State argues even if counsel erred, the evidence against Herrington was strong and any error was not prejudicial. | Court: Assume deficiency but no prejudice — no reasonable probability outcome would differ; ineffectiveness claim fails. |
Key Cases Cited
- Faretta v. California, 422 U.S. 806 (1975) (criminal defendants have constitutional right to self-representation)
- Thaxton v. State, 260 Ga. 141 (1990) (unequivocal pretrial assertion of Faretta right requires a hearing to ensure waiver of counsel)
- McDonald v. State, 296 Ga. 643 (2015) (request on morning of trial not necessarily an unequivocal Faretta assertion)
- Danenberg v. State, 291 Ga. 439 (2012) (similar holding that morning-of-trial requests were not unequivocal Faretta assertions)
- Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984) (two-prong ineffective assistance standard: deficient performance and prejudice)
- Kitchens v. State, 289 Ga. 242 (2011) (Georgia statement of Strickland standard)
- Clenney v. State, 229 Ga. 561 (1972) (evidence of prior convictions obtained without counsel may be inadmissible under Gideon/Burgett)
