477 S.W.3d 823
Tex. App.2015Background
- Plaintiffs Jeffrey DeLong and Dennis Holmes obtained a $98,408.77 default judgment against Glenn Clamon in California for claims arising from sale of tax-resolution services.
- Plaintiffs filed an authenticated copy of the California judgment in Tarrant County, Texas, under the Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act (UEFJA), which created a Texas judgment upon filing.
- Clamon did not file any postjudgment motions in Texas (e.g., motion to vacate or stay) challenging the domesticated judgment during the trial court’s plenary period.
- Clamon filed a restricted appeal and, after filing his notice of appeal, submitted a formal bill of exception seeking to include California pleadings and other documents that were not before the Texas court when it rendered judgment.
- The trial court refused to sign Clamon’s bill of exception, finding there was no trial or evidentiary hearing and that no evidence had been excluded; it noted the domesticated judgment was created by filing under the UEFJA.
- The Court of Appeals considered only the papers that were on file when the Texas judgment was rendered and affirmed the trial court’s judgment.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Trial court’s refusal to sign bill of exception to include California pleadings | Clamon: trial court excluded California pleadings and should sign bill to include them | DeLong & Holmes: no trial or evidentiary ruling occurred; nothing was excluded; bill noncompliant with Rule 33.2 | Affirmed — bill properly refused because UEFJA filing created a Texas judgment, no trial/evidence was excluded, and Rule 33.2 requirements were unmet |
| 2. Lack of personal jurisdiction in California | Clamon: California court lacked personal jurisdiction over him | Plaintiffs: authenticated foreign judgment creates prima facie case; burden shifts to Clamon to show why full faith and credit should not apply | Affirmed — court did not consider extrinsic jurisdictional materials because Clamon never filed a timely postjudgment challenge in Texas; no error apparent on record |
| 3. Improper service under California law | Clamon: was not served in accordance with California law | Plaintiffs: domesticated judgment is presumptively valid; plaintiff met prima facie burden by filing authenticated judgment | Affirmed — same reason: procedural route for contesting service was not pursued in trial court, so documents attached postnotice are outside restricted-appeal record |
Key Cases Cited
- Alexander v. Lynda’s Boutique, 134 S.W.3d 845 (Tex. 2004) (elements of restricted appeal)
- Midstate Envtl. Servs., LP v. Peterson, 435 S.W.3d 287 (Tex. App. — Waco 2014) (face of the record for restricted appeals)
- Gen. Elec. Co. v. Falcon Ridge Apartments, 811 S.W.2d 942 (Tex. 1991) (extrinsic evidence not considered on restricted appeal)
- Walnut Equip. Leasing Co. v. Wu, 920 S.W.2d 285 (Tex. 1996) (filing a foreign judgment under UEFJA functions as petition and creates Texas judgment)
- Jonsson v. Rand Racing, L.L.C., 270 S.W.3d 320 (Tex. App. — Dallas 2008) (authenticated foreign judgment shifts burden to debtor)
- Markham v. Diversified Land & Expl. Co., 973 S.W.2d 437 (Tex. App. — Austin 1998) (default foreign judgments carry presumption of validity)
- Tex. R. App. P. 33.2 (referenced via cases interpreting formal bill of exception requirements)
