Charles O. "Chuck" Grigson, Gerald Hooks, and Leslie Hooks v. State
03-15-00436-CV
| Tex. App. | Aug 12, 2015Background
- Appellees seek leave to file a reply to undermine Grigson’s and Hookses’ appeals for lack of appellate jurisdiction over a district court Preliminary Approval Order in a long-running class-action settlement.
- The 2003 certification of Settlement Classes and its affirmation by Texas courts are central, and Intervenors argue the 2015 Preliminary Approval Order effectively re-certified or altered class status.
- Intervenors contend the order certifies or alters the Settlement Classes; Appellees argue the order merely preliminarily approves the Settlement Agreement and approves a revised class notice, not a new certification.
- The district court’s Preliminary Approval Order is challenged as an interlocutory appealable order under Tex. R. App. P. 51.014(a)(3) or as a change in the nature of the certified class, which would create jurisdiction to review now rather than after final judgment.
- Texas precedent (Bally, De Los Santos, Phillips, Garza, Lubin) is invoked to limit interlocutory appeals from non-certification actions and to emphasize that preliminary approval of settlement terms is generally reviewable only after final judgment.
- The parties seek expedited consideration and dismissal of the intervenors’ appeals, arguing that continuing delay harms absent class members and that no substantial change to certification has occurred.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the Preliminary Approval Order is an appealable class-certification order | Grigson/Hookses claim it certifies or alters the class. | State/Settling Parties contend it does not certify or alter the certified class; no jurisdiction under 51.014(a)(3). | No interlocutory jurisdiction; order does not certify or refuse to certify a class. |
| Whether the 2003 certification governs as law of the case and precludes dissolution of appellate jurisdiction | Intervenors argue the prior certification terminated or abandoned, creating new appellate hooks. | Settling Parties maintain the 2003 certification governs and remains intact; termination not occurring. | 2003 certification remains controlling; there was no termination or abandonment warranting immediate review. |
| Whether the Preliminary Approval Order fundamentally changed the nature of the settlement classes | Intervenors claim the Order alters class definitions or the class’s fundamental nature. | Changes are minor and pertain to settlement terms, not the certified class’s fundamental nature. | Order did not fundamentally change the class certification; no appealable alteration. |
| Whether a stay of class notice or other relief is warranted pending appeal | Intervenors seek stays to halt class notice pending review. | Stays are unwarranted; class notice proceeds consistent with settlement terms and law. | Stay not warranted; no irreparable harm in delaying final resolution. |
Key Cases Cited
- Bally Total Fitness Corp. v. Jackson, 53 S.W.3d 352 (Tex. 2001) (strict construction of 51.014(a)(3); cannot appeal orders merely enlarging or modifying a class)
- De Los Santos v. Occidental Chemical Corp., 933 S.W.2d 493 (Tex. 1996) (interlocutory appealable when an order fundamentally alters the class)
- Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Yarbrough, 405 S.W.3d 70 (Tex. 2013) (narrow ruling: only when order alters the fundamental nature of the class)
- Garza v. Garza, 94 S.W.3d 324 (Tex. 2002) (modification of class or its definition generally not appealable)
- Lubin v. Farmers Grp., Inc., 222 S.W.3d 417 (Tex. 2007) (affirmation of prior certification and its applicability to settlement approval)
- Estate of Jones, 388 S.W.3d 663 (Tex. 2012) (interlocutory appeals from decertification-related orders; strict limits)
- McAllen Medical Ctr., Inc. v. Cortez, 66 S.W.3d 227 (Tex. 2001) (preliminary approval of settlements reviewed as premature)
- Philadelphia American Life Ins. Co. v. Turner, 131 S.W.3d 576 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2004) (trial court's continuing power to alter or amend a class; review limits)
