Andre-Marco Nmn McIntosh v. State
10-16-00152-CR
| Tex. App. | Jan 18, 2017Background
- Andre-Marco McIntosh pled guilty, without a plea bargain, to two indictments charging Continuous Sexual Abuse of a Child and was sentenced to life imprisonment on each count, sentences to run concurrently.
- Punishment evidence was presented in a single hearing; both convictions and judgments were entered (trial court case nos. 15-22875 and 15-22876).
- Appointed appellate counsel filed Anders briefs in both appeals, notified McIntosh of his rights, and McIntosh did not file a pro se response.
- Counsel reviewed the record (pleas, waivers, indictments, punishment evidence, and sentences) and concluded there were no non-frivolous appellate issues; the court found counsel complied with Anders duties.
- On review the court deemed the appeals wholly frivolous but identified an error: court costs were assessed in both judgments despite a single plea proceeding; the court modified one judgment to delete assessed costs and affirmed both judgments as modified.
- Counsel’s motions to withdraw were granted; counsel must notify McIntosh of appellate-review rights and certify compliance with Tex. R. App. P. 48.4; no substitute counsel will be appointed for discretionary review.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether appointed counsel complied with Anders duties and whether appeals present non-frivolous issues | Counsel argues the record contains no non-frivolous issues after review | State argues counsel’s Anders brief is adequate and the appeals lack merit | Court held counsel performed required duties and appeals are wholly frivolous; affirmed judgments |
| Whether costs may be assessed in each conviction when multiple offenses were presented in a single plea proceeding | McIntosh did not directly challenge but error is raised by court review | State had relied on precedents available at briefing time; court acknowledged intervening authority | Court held assessing costs in each conviction was erroneous in this context and modified one judgment to delete assessed costs |
| Whether abatement for appointment of new counsel is required due to the costs issue | McIntosh did not argue for abatement | State and court relied on local precedent that abatement unnecessary | Court declined to abate and corrected the judgment by modification instead |
| Post-opinion procedural rights—withdrawal and preservation of right to seek discretionary review | Counsel sought to withdraw and informed McIntosh of rights | State did not oppose withdrawal; no substitute counsel appointed | Court granted counsel’s motion to withdraw, ordered client notice and counsel certification, and explained PDR procedures and deadlines |
Key Cases Cited
- Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967) (standards for appointed counsel to withdraw on appeal when no meritorious issues exist)
- McCoy v. Court of Appeals, 486 U.S. 429 (1988) (defines frivolous arguments as those that cannot conceivably persuade the court)
- High v. State, 573 S.W.2d 807 (Tex. Crim. App. 1978) (requirements for appellate counsel performance under Anders)
- Stafford v. State, 813 S.W.2d 503 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991) (distinguishes frivolous from arguable grounds on appeal)
- In re Schulman, 252 S.W.3d 403 (Tex. Crim. App. 2008) (procedures and protections when appellate counsel seeks to withdraw under Anders)
- Bledsoe v. State, 178 S.W.3d 824 (Tex. Crim. App. 2005) (court may independently review the record to determine whether an Anders appeal is frivolous)
- Ferguson v. State, 435 S.W.3d 291 (Tex. App.—Waco 2014) (abatement for appointment of new counsel not required in similar circumstances)
