Before the court is the motion for partial summary judgment of Marvin A. Levey. For the reasons fully set forth below, said motion is granted in part.
I. BACKGROUND
The parties to the instant litigation include plaintiff, Marvin A. Levey, a retired partner of the accounting firm, Cogen Sklar LLR Levey worked for Cogen Sklar since 1981, and for its predecessor for approximately 20 years prior thereto. When Levey’s former firm first merged with Cogen Sklar in 1981, a partnership agreement was drafted and signed by all members of the partnership. (PI. mem. exhibit B.) This document, executed December 31,1981, fully sets forth the rights and obligations of the partnership, including each partner’s profit percentages (|5.A & B), and also provides for: (1) mandatory retirement upon age 65 ^15.A); (2) mandatory benefits at the time of retirement or withdrawal under set formulas (cfJ[15.B & 16.B); and (3) the redistribution of each retiring or withdrawing partner’s profit percentages to the remaining partners. CJ15.G.)
Over the years, Cogen Sklar from time to time would admit new partners. Upon joining the partnership, the new partners would sign an agreement consenting to be bound by the terms of the partnership agreement. In 1996, the partners of Cogen Sklar, including Levey, began discussions about revising and updating the partnership agreement, including, inter alia, its retirement provisions. (PL mem. exhibit A. a^8.) In March 1998, a consultant
At a partnership meeting on September 25,2000 (one month before Levey’s 65th birthday), the partners discussed suspending the retirement and withdrawal provisions
II. THE LITIGATION
This litigation surrounds the payment of retirement benefits to Levey, which he claims became due on April
Cogen Sklar has asserted the defenses of novation and impossibility of performance in response to the allegations of the complaint. In addition, Cogen Sklar brought counterclaims against Levey for: (1) tortious interference with contractual relations; (2) breach of contract; (3) breach of fiduciary duty; and (4) misappropriation of trade secrets. (Id. at exhibit D.) Specifically, Cogen Sklar alleges that Levey wrongfully solicited clients, wrongfully removed proprietary customer information from Cogen Sklar, refused to bill clients for work done while he was employed by Cogen Sklar, and that he refused to properly transition his clients, causing the loss of revenue and clients to Cogen Sklar. Id.
Levey has filed the instant motion seeking partial summary judgment as to his breach of contract claim regarding the retirement benefits due and owing him by Cogen Sklar and also as to Cogen Sklar’s counterclaims and defenses of novation and impossibility of performance.
Discussion
A. No Genuine Issue of Fact Exists As to Levey’s Entitlement to Retirement Benefits Under the Partnership Agreement
A motion for summary judgment is proper in those cases where the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, admissions, affidavits and all other matters
The issue at bar is whether Cogen Sklar is bound by the terms of the partnership agreement in light of its contention that it “suspended” the retirement and withdrawal provisions of the partnership agreement prior to Levey’s withdrawal from the firm. However, this court finds that no genuine issue of material fact exists and that the partnership agreement was still in effect at the time that Levey expressed his intent to withdraw from the partnership. Therefore, its terms are binding upon Cogen Sklar in connection with the retirement benefits due to Levey.
On September 27, 2000, Levey effectively expressed his intent to leave Cogen Sklar at the end of the fiscal year, either by retiring or withdrawing
The testimony of record fails to raise a genuine issue of material fact as to whether Levey’s notice was received after the partners’ execution of the consent. The facts clearly demonstrate that the partners did not formally suspend the retirement and withdrawal benefits of the partnership agreement until September 29, 2000, when the consent was executed,
However, this court does find that a genuine issue of material fact exists as to the amounts due and owing Levey under the partnership agreement, particularly with
B. Cogen Sklar’s Affirmative Defenses Fail As a Matter of Law
Levey also moved for summary judgment as to Cogen Sklar’s affirmati ve defenses of novation and impossibility of performance, arguing that such claims fail as a matter of law. The court agrees.
1. Novation
Cogen Sldar argues that Levey is not entitled to retirement benefits under the partnership agreement by virtue of a novation. (Def. am. new matter ¶5.) However, this purported defense is devoid of both factual and legal support and fails as a matter of law.
A novation may only be found where the evidence demonstrates: (1) the displacement and extinction of a valid contract; (2) the substitution for it of a valid new contract; (3) sufficient legal consideration for the new contract; and (4) the consent of the parties. Melat v. Melat, 411 Pa. Super. 647, 602 A.2d 380 (1992); Buttonwood Farms Inc. v. Carson, 329 Pa. Super. 312, 317, 478 A.2d 484, 486 (1984). The party asserting the defense of novation has the burden of proving that the parties intended to discharge the earlier contract, in this case the partnership agreement. Id. Even viewing the facts in a light most favorable to Cogen Sldar, the evidence presented does not support the finding of a novation.
Accordingly, Cogen Sklar’s affirmative defense of novation fails as a matter of law.
2. Impossibility
Cogen Sklar has also asserted the affirmative defense of impossibility of performance, arguing that it cannot afford to pay Levey his retirement benefits and that its younger partners will leave the firm if it is required to do so. (Am. new matter ¶6.) However, this affirmative defense likewise fails as a matter of law.
The defense of legal impossibility is defined in section 261 of the Restatement (Second) of Contracts:
Thus, in order for a discharge to occur under this theory, there must be the occurrence of a supervening event that was not contemplated by the parties. Cogen Sklar has made no such showing here.
Moreover, Cogen Sklar maintains that its financial inability to pay the retirement benefits renders it impossible to perform under the partnership agreement. However this argument betrays a misunderstanding of the concept of legal impossibility. It is well-settled that the financial inability of one of the parties to complete its obligations under a contract will not effect a discharge under the defense of impossibility. Restatement (Second) of Contracts §261, cmts. b, e; Luber, 418 Pa. Super, at 546, 614 A.2d at 773; Dorn v. Stanhope Steel Inc., 368 Pa. Super. 557, 534 A.2d 798 (1987) (theory of legal impossibility is based on an objective standard and will not apply if a performance remains practicable but is merely beyond a particular party’s capacity to render it).
Cogen Sklar does not assert that performance itself under the partnership agreement is impossible, rather it argues that, due to other financial obligations, it is un
C. Cogen Sklar’s Counterclaims
Cogen Sklar has also brought counterclaims against Levey for: (1) tortious interference with contractual relations; (2) breach of contract; (3) breach of fiduciary duty; and (4) misappropriation of trade secrets. (Id. at exhibit D.) Specifically, Cogen Sklar asserts that Levey wrongfully solicited clients, wrongfully removed proprietary customer information from Cogen Sklar, refused to bill clients for work done while employed by Cogen Sklar, and failed to properly transition his clients, causing the loss of revenue and clients to Cogen Sklar. Id. Levey has moved for summary judgment as to each count. Based on the facts of record and reviewing the evidence in a light most favorable to Cogen Sklar, this court finds that Cogen Sklar has failed to present any evidence of wrongful conduct by Levey in connection with its claims against him for tortious interference with contractual relations (Count I), breach of fiduciary duty (Count III) and misappropriation of trade secrets (Count IV). These claims are wholy unsupported by the facts of record and fail as a matter of law due to the absence of any genuine issue of material fact.
Conclusion
For the above-stated reasons, this court finds as follows:
(1) Plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment as to Count I of the complaint (breach of contract) is granted in part; trial will proceed as to damages only;
(2) Plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment as to defendant’s affirmative defenses of novation and impossibility is granted;
(3) Plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment as to Count I (tortious interference), Count III (breach of fiduciary duty) and Count IV (misappropriation of trade secrets) of defendant’s counterclaim is granted; and
(4) Plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment as to Count II of defendant’s counterclaim (breach of contract) is denied.
This court will enter a contemporaneous order consistent with this opinion.
ORDER
And now, June 20, 2003, upon consideration of the motion for partial summary judgment of plaintiff Marvin A. Levey, all responses in opposition, the respective memoranda, all matters of record, and in accordance with the contemporaneous memorandum opinion, it hereby is ordered and decreed as follows:
(1) Plaintiff’s motion as to Count I of the complaint (breach of contract) is granted in part; trial will proceed as to damages only;
(2) Plaintiff’s motion as to defendant’s affirmative defenses of novation and impossibility is granted;
(3) Plaintiff’s motion as to Count I (tortious interference), Count III (breach of fiduciary duty), and Count IV (misappropriation of trade secrets) of defendant’s counterclaim is granted; and
(4) Plaintiff’s motion as to Count II of defendant’s counterclaim (breach of contract) is denied.
This case will proceed to trial on the remaining claims, as well for the assessment of damages with respect to Count I of the complaint.
. Pursuant to the partnership agreement, a partner is permitted to withdraw from the partnership prior to mandatory retirement age. (PI. mem. exhibit B, §16.) If a partner withdraws before retirement age, his benefits are reduced, inter alia, in an amount related to that partner’s age. Id.
. This court also finds that no novation occurred here. This issue is fully discussed in section B.l, infra.
. In light of Levey’s age at the time he provided his notice, this court finds no demonstrable difference between whether Levey was considered to be retired or withdrawn from the partnership under the terms of the partnership agreement.
. This court finds that Cogen Sklax’s argument that the suspension was effective at the September 25, 2000 partnership is belied by the facts of record, particularly the testimony of various partners of Cogen Sklar.
. Morever, Levey does not contest that such amounts are due and owing. (PI. mem. at 30.)
