This was a suit for the recovery of a female slave. The titles were not set out in the pleadings. The plaintiff (appellee in this Court,) at the trial introduced a bill of sale from the defendant and one Douglass to his intestate, dated in August, 1842. There was proof for and against the genuineness of the signatures to this document. The plaintiff also set up adverse possession, proving acts of ownership^ one of which was in presence of the defendant. The defendant (who is appellant here) proved the admissions of the deceased, that he did not own the negro but that she belonged to the defendant, who had let him have her to cook and wash for him to save expenses ; also by one of the witnesses, that the girl belonged to him for life, but after his death she belonged to the defendant or his heirs. He also read a bill of sale from Douglass to himself, conveying the said girl with other slaves. This instrument was dated in March, 1842, some months prior to the bill of sale from the defendant and Douglass to the deceased intestate. The Court charged the jury in effect, that if, from the evidence, they believed that the defendant executed the bill of sale purporting to be signed by Douglass and defendant to David J. Cole, they should find for the plaintiff. But if they found that defendant did not execute said bill of sale, and that the property originally belonged to the defendant, then they should ascertain from the testimony whether David J. Cole held adverse possession of the slave for two years next before his death. If so, the plaintiff was entitled to recover ; if not, their verdict should be for the defendant.
The charge of the Court is not so full a representation of the law of the case as would have been authorized upon the facts. The bill of sale may have been genuine, but the property may have been held by the intestate under some secret trust or arrangement for the defendant; and this the latter attempted to prove, by inference, to be drawn from the admissions of' the intestate that the property was not in him, but the defendant. But the omission to charge more fully is not, under the circumstances of this case, such error as should reverse the judgment. The defendant did not pretend, by argument or evidence, expressly to that effect, that there was any secret trust in his behalf coupled with the bill of sale. His proof went to deny its genuineness altogether. Nor did he set up or attempt to prove any re-purchase from the intestate. His evidence, or a portion of it, rebutted the idea of a re-purchase. It controverted and denied the fact that the intestate had ever-purchased the slave from him. His evidence, from which repurchase is now deduced, went merely to explain and establish the right in which the intestate held the slave,-viz : that he, the intestate, was holding the slave not for himself but for the defendant. His evidence, as a whole, repudiated the bill of sale to the intestate; and the inference now attempted to be-drawn, that such evidence was compatible with the sale, but showed a re-purchase by defendant, was perhaps not insisted upon below, or presented to the view of the Court. The controversy, in its principal feature, was whether there was or was not a bill of sale, and whether the possession was or not adverse. Had the defendant believed that the jury were not fully' in
Judgment aErmed.
