Lead Opinion
MEMORANDUM
Jesse Bobadilla appeals from the district court’s order dismissing his federal habeas petition as untimely. This Court granted Bobadilla’s request for a certificate of ap-pealability on the following question: “whether the district court properly determined that the petition was barred by the statute of limitations, including whether appellant is entitled to equitable tolling.” ER 1. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and § 2253, and we affirm the judgment of the district court.
Bobadilla was convicted by a jury of murder and other crimes, and sentenced to 50 years to life in prison on April 4, 2008. The California Supreme Court denied Bo-badilla’s counseled petition for review on November 2, 2011. Counsel, however, did not inform Bobadilla of the California Supreme Court decision until more than a year later, on November 17, 2012, when counsel returned Bobadilla’s records to him. In his letter of November 17, 2012, counsel advised Bobadilla that the deadline to file a federal habeas petition was January 31,2013.
It is undisputed that the statute of limitations for Bobadilla to petition for habeas corpus relief pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254 expired on January 31, 2013, one year after the deadline for petitioning the Supreme Court of the United States for a writ of certiorari had expired. See Bowen v. Roe, 188 F.3d 1157, 1158-59 (9th Cir. 1999). It is also undisputed that Bobadilla did not file a habeas corpus petition in federal court until November 7, 2013. Bo-badilla claims equitable tolling of the running of the limitations period by reason of his counsel’s failure to inform him of the denial of his petition for review by the California Supreme Court until November 17, 2012, some 54 weeks after the California Supreme Court issued its ruling.
To be entitled to equitable tolling of the one-year limitations period imposed by the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (“AEDPA”), a habeas petitioner must show “ ‘(1) that he has been pursuing his rights diligently, and (2) that some
We note that the law of this Court concerning the diligence required of a federal habeas petitioner is somewhat in tension. As this Court observed in Luna v. Kernan, 784 F.3d 640 (9th Cir. 2015), we adopted a “stop clock” approach for equitable tolling claims in Gibbs v. Legrand, 767 F.3d 879 (9th Cir. 2014). Under a pure stop-clock approach, “[tjhere is no need to show diligence after the extraordinary circumstances have ended.” Luna, 784 F.3d at 651. However, in Spitsyn v. Moore, 345 F.3d 796 (9th Cir. 2003), we required a petitioner to show diligence through the time of filing, even after the extraordinary circumstance dissolved. And more recently, we observed that “[ojrdinarily, a petitioner must act with reasonable diligence both before and after receiving delayed notice that the state denied his habeas petition.” Fue v. Biter, 842 F.3d 650, 656 (9th Cir. 2016) (en banc) (emphasis added; citation omitted). Thus, “under current circuit law, we must apply both the diligence-through-filing requirement imposed by Spitsyn and the stop-clock approach adopted in Gibbs.” Luna, 784 F.3d at 651-52.
Here, we conclude that after learning of his counsel’s omission, Bobadilla did not act with reasonable diligence through filing. Seventy-five days before AEDPA’s limitations period was set to expire, Boba-dilla’s counsel informed Bobadilla of his omission and alerted Bobadilla that the deadline to file a federal habeas petition was January 31, 2013. Despite receiving this information, Bobadilla took no action prior to November 7, 2013.
AFFIRMED.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
. On February 15, 2013, after the statute of limitations to seek federal habeas relief had expired, Bobadilla sent by mail to the Los Angeles Superior Court, a state habeas petition. Bobadilla filed another petition in state court on October 29, 2013, which was denied on November 21, 2013. These state court petitions, however, do not indicate that Bobadilla was pursuing his federal rights diligently. See Holland, 560 U.S. at 649, 130 S.Ct. 2549.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting:
I agree with the majority that there is tension in our equitable tolling jurisprudence. However, I respectfully dissent from the majority’s holding because Boba-dilla’s petition is timely under the more
Under the stop-clock rule, once the impediment preventing the petitioner from filing his petition is removed, the Court must only inquire “whether [the petitioner] filed within the limitations period after tolling is taken into account.” Socop-Gonzalez, 272 F.3d at 1195-96 (“[T]he event that ‘tolls’ the statute simply stops the clock until the occurrence of a later event that permits the statute to resume running.”). The stop-clock rule does not require a petitioner to show diligence through the time of filing. Id. As this Court has previously noted, requiring a petitioner to demonstrate diligence through the time of filing “arguably usurps congressional authority ... by substituting [the court’s] own subjective view of how much time a plaintiff reasonably needed to file suit.” Id.; see also Lott v. Mueller, 304 F.3d 918, 926-27 (9th Cir. 2002) (McKeown, J., concurring) (“A year should be 365 days not just for those fortunate enough to be free of any obstacles to filing, but for all petitioners—particularly for those who find their time to prepare a petition shrinking because of impediments beyond their control.”).
The majority is correct in pointing out that a diligence-through-filing requirement also seems to find some support in our case law. See Spitsyn v. Moore, 345 F.3d 796, 802 (9th Cir. 2003).
Bobadilla has demonstrated (1) “that some extraordinary circumstance stood in his way and prevented timely filing,” and (2) “that he has been pursuing his rights diligently.” Holland v. Florida, 560 U.S.
Bobadilla also did not fail to exercise reasonable diligence under the circumstances in this case. Although Bobadilla did not independently inquire about the status of his petition with the California Supreme Court before November 17, 2012, he was represented by counsel and a reasonable person would rely on counsel to inform him of the state court’s decision. Further, a reasonable person would not anticipate that the California Supreme Court would deny the petition for review as quickly as it did. See Huizar v. Carey, 273 F.3d 1220, 1224 (9th Cir. 2001) (stating without reservation that 21 months is “not an unusually long time [for a prisoner] to wait for a court’s decision”). Accordingly, Bobadilla is entitled to equitable tolling from the date the California Supreme Court’s denial of his petition for review became final through November 17, 2012. Because Bobadilla filed his habeas petition on November 7, 2013, within the one-year limitations period, his petition is timely under the stop-clock rule.
. Spitsyn only addresses the diligence prong of equitable tolling in dicta. See Spitsyn, 345 F.3d at 802. The only issue before the Court was whether, the misconduct of Spitsyn’s attorney was sufficiently egregious to satisfy the "extraordinary circumstance” prong' of equitable tolling, Id. at 798, The Court concluded that the attorney’s misconduct constituted an extraordinary circumstance and remanded the case to the district court to determine “whether Spitsyn exercised reasonable diligence in pursuing the matter, under the circumstances he faced.” Id. at 802 (stating that a petitioner is not entitled to equitable tolling if "the person seeking equitable tolling has not exercised reasonable diligence in attempting to file, after the extraordinary circumstances began” (quoting Valverde v. Stinson, 224 F.3d 129, 134 (2d Cir. 2000) (emphasis added))). While the Court simply noted in its concluding paragraph that "the record [did] not indicate why Spitsyn did not file his petition until September, when [his counsel] returned his files in April,” the Court did not indicate that Spitsyn’s. lack of diligence during this time period would necessarily preclude his entitlement to equitable tolling.
