Case Information
*1 A.. ,P OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAE
AUSTlN ., a@-=- + ;' -., i. --- !i ,, j! c
Eonomble C. E. Miller, QoPollorloner
'Peas Unemployment Comp8nratlon Coxnlasio
Austin, T8xae
mnhation of ihe aommiity inrrofar imint ooasiw& or 0 hcm8 offsoe the distrist nmagei are ~auperihteadsnte, rour ok Plm in nvciber. Wk'eaah anger- intendsnt is a group of Ladustrial ag6nts aop- sieting of roux or five men, The mtmqger ia responsible rot the whole aietmt. mm mlper inten&di is respuneible fop a Mvlsfcrn of the *2 Honorable C. R. Miller, Pa&a 13 The ageat ia responolble for a
dlotrlot . oubdiri~loa of the euperlntrndent’r -.a. *$aoh ageat is f'uraiahed with a debit book whioh oontaln6 the a8506 ana aaaresreo of all poliop holaera within his aeblt or axea of operatdm~. ae well a8 the polloy numbers of all of the pollolss the prduma on whiah he is 0bargea with the duty of ool- leothg. The debit book is &man& in mmh a wuy uo to sot forth the aetaal route over whloh the agent Dravela in the eolleotlon or ihe px+utt~.
"On Xonduy, Tuaeday and t?Mawdny af eaoh week, ageat -8 oolluotlon& ZIe odlr upon t&o polloy holder lndloatsa b the ilrst p&go ot his debit book) j&e thea OaL upon the peraoa ladleatea by the aemad go, uad 60 on& Ha tramls over hla
route bLaay maaaa available to E%&,-
1eots.t weekly pranlumr: dae. The ia88 that ha la 80 engaged on thwo duyo does not mama that he lr not llkewlso oharged nlth tha duty or 8aUi.aa laouranoe, ba8h Aadu8trhl ema lasuraaos,aathe~daysaade*rry 0- 08her day. 0aThWJde.Y BrfddlJrand BatWlUY the *gmt devote8 his &a #mra&ly 00 the 0d0 0t insurao~e or bath tppee. ot3 ~atiuday, however, at least the t%rfit halr oi the day is devoted to offioa work. This Sa8ucdag @f- floe work ooasiete of. ths, ageatl*s ssttfag ap of his new bu&nea8, putMa& euah sew buaiaero on rolto oheetr la.hls folio aaa sora~ igf of the register la 866 s#bHw. Thuee his latter sheeta are eheets~ Ii th nferelaoa to bueiaees w&oh is dead beeauee of the poXlay holdat*s failure to pay pa?embus. Liktise on Saturday meming pAloh are plum4 la ulveLq+es along with reoslpt books, aad toUoe are btim06a to arrive at the amoua8 of the debit or the agent ror the week bs.@uhe the followlag ltoaday morala& The amtuat.or the agent'8 debit lrr arrived at by aubtruofiag his lapsed buelaeso from his new busina~& *3 HOaOZ?ablO CL R. X%ller,.?88e 5
"Jkoh morning, exo8ptXoaday'mrPing, the agsnf 1s relulred to be preaent &t a meetlag held at 7r45 a.m. At euoh meeting the agent take8 hls plooe nt hle a681~0a de&c In the con&may ofrloloc, to be aiblres6ed by alatrlat manager and two other ladl- rlduale aonmoted with tha oampaay selected by the maaager ror the purpose. At theso aeotiqe a roll call ie rlrst had. F.ch ageat responds to hls nama with, that a statmeat of tba mount or ladustrlal ia- eurauae written on ths pm~~o.0~~ day (in term of the amount of weekly prmlune)~ eeooad, the amount of ordinary la6uranoe wrlttea on the prwleue dayi third, oo&laotloa6 00. la-- duetrbl pollales for tha revieu~~ day; an$, roourth, a0u00ti0nr 011 0rd L-
ior the previous day. Ih addition to t%im statmeate, the agent la required to annouam snddoeetumounoehispledge of aoocng+llohma$ footha daydor~whiohhrir aa~Ml&
Thw, he anaouneee oa Tuordayo and we&edaye the emalat of ool.laatloM bB er- peota to make on thoee daya, 80 well a8 the' a5CUnt Of iWWeaOar he.slgeotS to write, On Thursdaya, Aldiiys and Satur&Qa,ha amiourieeu mar&y hix pledge puota or mrgsoiwd buslaesr In the matter of wLJ.S.na lnsumno 0, lx! mirrc enco baing pada to oolleotloas, because ool- leotlon duty aover only the first three deya as the week. If an agent is late la arrlring a&e~w~:t~ he ie held up to ridiaule by
. If it Is n~oe~aerp for him tie3 be abeaat frcnn ruoh meotlng he oommaloatm that feoti to the maaager by telepjiom cm other Jm6nE*
Upon the aajo urnraeat of this llbw?&~ burla& whloh the manager km8 n&de urgent re- quaat that the eupsrlntendenta and agents got bueineas, eaoh rruper5ntsndelrt ordLnaril,y gathera with 6 group of agmats la a rmtaurent for ooffelso. Atthietima bueiacloa Lergcb.
afsouaaed ana each agent la tola by the m&per- ln%endent the elaot tima aaa the mot place *4 Honorable C. R. Mlliller, Pago 4
at.whloh he, the e~rintendULt, riu reti the agent on the agent'8 route that day.
The agent then goes to his delineated area t0 p8d0?3 hi24 motions, hi8 route =r=gea for hIa by the arrangement of the pa@8 in Me debit book. Thoee pages latlioate to him the next address at whioh to ofii Th@ debit book ocntaIns 80 many paean that aelleotiona 6r8 0~ mr 00Tema 01). the tir8t atcf, LEono day, the remaining ~ortlone belt@ oovorod 00.
TWSdaJ. The manager as well a8 the super- lntandant and agent, 1s psrfeotly ramiitttr wsth the debit area Inbloated by saoh debit book.
"me agent maea hi8 e&l otion an8 08eQ~ the f3uperint~a0ntattha ~po%tedtfme aad p&as, ct w&ioh tW he adv see with the eu ar- intenaent aeto ark parti~.oullr pmblepla ofi ooafroats U inteaaent offer8 and giroa aeilotenoe In then In come inatanovs the eupar- or tranepor0lag the agaut to SOW ad- matter dress at whloh the agent hae prevlouelj oalled la hle morning rouad8 but iallmd to ooll~ot~ At tinee polioyvholdere 91ovad tram the'.deblt area of one asent do the debit area of .azMthr)r.
In suoh lnetanc~~s auperintend6nt may teke tha agentrithh&ta the& on mohrsrnrrrrl and the new looatieri Or th4 pQllOy holdOr* The agent than oolleoto that weok's prendum, ibe polioy later being transferred to the debit of tha agent in whorwr territory the polioy h0iaer has nmfly looatea. "kfterlaavfiy the ~crrintendentthe
agent thea gooe on with his oolleotionls. This oolleotlon duty ordinarily ra;iuireer that the agent work until approximately 100 This Is due to the fao that pa eaoh night. 0 an agent, to retain his oonnection with the
Bplet produos 95% ool.l~ot~ons, &S&u8 a $%f' :a "3: laorease la his buelwse. The a- emat of r-quuirea inoreoao la bueinees Is eat by the ooaqmny, wually $1.00 pm week of premlume oollaotible, The oae aontsot with ths supedit~~~aent mentioned a008 not mean e.
Honorable C. IL Miller, Pam %
that tba agent will not be OOO~~O~O~ a& during the day. The euparintandont ir fa- miliar with eaah agent*s debit to the pofnt Or h0~1ng aQprOdmste4 where thb agad 2.S xorklnc at any particular time. Very ofte~~ the superlntentlent ags%n aontaoti3 the a ent ytu, that he is s.otually porfoxyming h&l .
wn Wednetday amrnlng of oaoh weak bhr flnal oolleotion dutlso em done, that la, all oollsotions not mad0 on Mm&ay or Tua- day ore attempted 86 be made an wdaeedey tWl%ing. Cm Wednellday afternoon the pgcmt ~0rvt?rz the 00pip~ 0rf208 0h00w gp hi8 At that time ha turn8 in the mr~~p &oh he ha0 00m0tiea du.mg that tiollu. This aooouat is babno~d agaInat tkw a.palioy the 6 Thus, if an agent 6d.b premium for w@ioh lr 25# pcrr week, he ie oredited on the books of the oonpanp with twenty tlaee 23#*, wtnrfm, when he oollsotr the 8%~ per week he I#, on eaoh ooo+*ion oredlted with twenty pesoont, oi 2Wi T&i. P
Honorable C. R. Eiller, Page 6
apparent asset on the a&sntrs reoord. ulth the oompany i8 offset bJ a o!mrge-baok to the a&ant of twenty times his lapsed bueineas.
THUS, if e .?3# grdu iS due on a pOliOy which lagaas, that la, ia not oolleotod ulth- in thirty 'days Of the due date of the weekly prtmlum, the agtmt*a roaord with the oompauy rerlttota a ohar60 to him or twenty timesi 2Sg. are inzportant in. 43rrivl.q at
Thea0 a-8 the agantt6 wagee whloh, ror any prirtloular week, are aotually figurqd on Wedneedeyu.
The statement abate is pimllrled by the fur- .
ther 6tatement that the a2bnt ie not aotual-
6 the mll amount or twenty tlnms his %b t f"i xaeitead, he i6 aid a stipulated pert oentGe thawof, probab y lS$. Tha Woe B
isheldbythe 0-y to his oredit.
*Ea)Caoh week the agent is oh&reed with an ampunt uuudly two or thrm dollars, whioh ia hd.4 out 0r his tmgee and is pbmd in what ie termed tho a@nt*s bond aooount. Ho actual bond ia issued, but the oompauy builds up a bond aoaount in order to take oar8 of arrd to ofrset any ebmt~e on the part at the agent.
"It oa%bs seen that :it is possible for an agent to be entitLed to no aash mbney on pay day,whloh falls on&turday. Anagentlnthat rltuatlon who need0 mnsy on any pfirtioulm ey day my and ortan does make arranmnenta VI & n8nager ror an advanos. Bfs wage slip thererore refleots that hla total mmtaneratlon for tha ~8ak’ ie paid under axi item aenoabnatta *speolal tialarg.' His 'speolal salary may be and~umaally ia paid ev6n though hita aaoount with the oonpany shows that he is aotually *in the red.' This epoaial salary ie en ordinary item or wages in that it is pata eaoh weelq howeveq the amount of suoh epsoial salary varice from fire to tw8My dollars,
aeoord- lng to the aohlevem3nta of the agmit dW%ng the week. xr ths agamt hm ~OJM #Xl .he may be.
pata twenty dollars 8 aoial saXmy: whmeas, poor aooonpliabaent w s Xlmerit hln a&Ly five -..
Eenorable 0. R. Miller, Pa6e 9
dollars speaiel selary. Xn other oases the agent will be oredited with a epeolal ealary over and above the w-t which his a~~omplleh- mnt would ordinarily permit. This lnorease In the partioular agent's rrpeoial salam ue- t&ally results In a deoreaee oi' the speoial.
salary Or some other indiv&dual or individuals. Thfs Is due to the fact that there Is usually available to the dir&riot &uimger only a oerteln amount or martoy whioh oan be used for spoolal salery paynmnte.*
Based upon the above iaots, you ask the Sallowing questions which we quote from your lotter ae lollowsr
",41-o the lnduetrfal lnsuranoe agents treated in the etatedient of raats attaahed hereto ln the amp10 at of the lit0 lneuranoe 3"" coprpany under h-iii0 0 gaamm(6), v. R. C. 8. 1925, In its present foocm and/w as it axlsted prior to anmndnumt otfeotlvo April 1, 1959?a
Be will first UlaoUae the questlon of whether or not the iadustrial insursnoa agent8 were in the employ0ent of the iire fasurauoe oozumny withlu the meaning or the un- OtEplOgrJsnt Compensation AOt, fnfrfi, prior to It8 eirwubmt orreotive April 1, 1939. we do not think It .neoaaeary to dluouuso the general provisions of Aat relating to ea- ploynient insofar as this quoatian is oonaemed beoause prior tics April 1, 1939, the Aat oontainad a speoltlo pmnlalon whioh, we bollsvs oontrols t&la queetion. This prov~e~iox!, subseotion (g) (of 0r motion l9 0r the mxfia Unemploynent Compensation Aot, sanre being Act8 1986, 44 Leg., Srd C. s., oh. 432, pb 1993, wax aa Mllowsr
"(9) In detotining employeeo under this tw OAb in aatemlning employercs under this Act, and in determinln@ wages under this Aat, neither term 8hfcu Inelude em- ploywit 0r or setiae by agante or in- arand oompanie6 who oolleot their oom- peneatian on a aondasian be&s.* (I?apaaleU April 1, 1939).
There would neem to be no doubt but what the in- dustrial insuranae agent in question was an agent xithin *8 Honorable C. R. 1EIller, Page 0
the meaning of the above quoted eeotion of the Aat.
This beb true, the question 6dsea as to whether the remunemtlon rmeived by the &sent I5 in the forin of a coIla.ealon.
It can readily be aeon that an agent tight not be entitled to any aompensatlon on pay day due to the oosmiu- alon plau or paymsnt which the iasuranoe oarqpsny has in force. To meet this situation, the oompany has a plan where- by the a&m‘6 map obtain an advanoa. This I6 more fully et plained In the racts hcreincbove mentioned. If this advance IS charged against the oomn~I~~$on~ earned by the agent, then It oannot be ssid that hs receives any oompsnsatlon other than on a oommi~sslon beds. /
Under these facts, we ars'or the Opinion that the agents in question, prior to April 1, 1939, were not in the employment of the life Insuranoe acunpany.
However, Ii these partloular weekly p4mente are not charged WaInst the aomIssIons earned by the agents, then they must be scmethine: other than loan0 or advsmes on oomia5IQns. ThIebeIngtrue,whatwe have s&l Inan- swer to your first question would not be applicable.
wrore pas&n& to the oaoon& question, we wish to ooment on Regulation Ho. 37, (now Regulation No. 331 pro- mulgated bg the Com5.ssion, whloh, we balIeve, Is in ooz& :~:' '~+- flIct with what WC have heretofore saId. This Regti$atIon rends, In pmt, ~a follows:
"All enlployaeo of Insurfinoe 0ompanIss and oorporntionn crc 'subject' employees, except agente, a8 hereinafter set out.
"Agents far the purposes of this 8x9 ceptlon are those indlvlduale oolraniesioned by lnsumrme co5penIes or corporations to
represent tha In ths sale6 of insurance
of any sort whom r~WIon ooneiats
only br coMiissIons on the smotlnt 0r the
aforesaId sales.* (tfaderlaaorln& ours)
The obova ResulatIon provided, in substame, that *9 Konornble 0. R. Mlll&, Page 9
lnsumnoe agents are exempt loyesttonlywbmthsirm- muneratlon oonslrts or aonml8a K om on the mile 0r Msuranoe. fie Cat nrovidsd that insurance c&ents Who aolleat tMlZ ___ .~_. I-_._~- oonp~satioa on n oommleslon baeIiiw tire ezongt employees.
Under the r6CtG set out herein, the acent reoeives a Qua- 1Pis8ion for the colleotlon or oertain uoeklv premlw. Un- der the provlalons of the dot grIor to April 1, 19939, he ~168 an exempt employee elnoe the oorpIpiu&on would ba a part or his 0opqpensatl0n. It would seem, however, thali if w shotild r00k t0 tb0 ~egulatiott or th0 c0dmi0a alcat0, the agent would not be an excm#t ea@oyee beoauw tha aan-
To the extent that ROgUlatlon No. 87 ooafllob- ed with th0*hem0r0~ quoted 800tiar~ or tb hot, tam m- tar governed until it8 rsgeal.
AxtAo 6fZlb-17 (6) (11, supra, defines UsplOp msnt as r0umw WoploytsuW mbbjeot to the "(8) 1
other pro a on8 of this eubseotion, JUWL~I vu aervIoe,~InolUding eervloe In i.ntar&iate tmmumae, perr0mitd ror wage6 or under any oontraot or hire wr%ttam or oral, sxgrass or Implied, provhrd that any servloee per- rorined by an lntli~l6ueil for wage@ shall be deemed to be cuqlo t oubdeot to thin t&t unless and unt it ia shown to the r
satl~raatlon or the Co~~~~Ztmion that such individual haa been and wIl1 0ontIm.m to be free irOn oontrol or dS.reotlon over the pertormanoe of mob 8ervloea both under hi8 oontmmt or aemvloa aal in ?aot.* 9281~17 (a), VemXL*S hnnoimted Civil Artiole _ - stotutm, aerme6 wage85 ae rw.m5t
Xonorab1e.G. R. tiller, Pa&B 10
"(01 *Wages v mtmnu all 33mUll0ratlOn payable for gefetngtr eanloes, inoluding commissions .
Them can be no doubt but what the agent renders a servloe to the ocmp~~ There oan be no doubt but fhat he reoelvee %agee8B a8 a consideration for tha perfonuanoe of said servloe. The agent Is olearly ia'the emplogmant, OS the iaeuranoe oonlpany ualoee it can be shown that he %ae been and will oontfnue to be free f'rom oontrol or .diraotlon over the psrrormanoe of auch aervloe~ both xxw dsr his contra& of aervloe and in faote*
we’ quote fron oasa of craanmrlor oi kaerlaa, Ino., v. Industrial Gommiaefon, et al, 108 P. (Za) 306, supreme court ofutah, a8 rou.mmt
%ub6ivlalaa (6) of aubeeatlon (j) pro- vides, that,
~Qervioos'perfor~&I by an ipdlvldud ror wages shall be dwned to b8 uaploymont atibjeot to this act unless and until it 1s ~~CWXI t0 th0 mh3r~~tl~ or wu OO~DI sloa that -
*'(a) ruoh indlvidualhaa besrr andrilL oontinue to be free rrom oontrol or dlnotlon over t& pet-lomanos of suoh semloea, both uner his oontraat ot fservioo an6 in faotr
*‘@I such serdoe 1s olther outsliIe the usual oourse OS the-buaiaess Sor which suoh mrvloe la psrformed. or that suah sarv- 106 la psriormad outaldo of all the laasr, df bus5ness or the entarprlsa for s oh auoh d servlo~ Is psrformsdi and w'(c) suoh indlvldwl is custcnmrlly .
engaged in an independently established trade, oooupatlon, profession or bud.nausq,"' At page 606, the folXowin& is f'cundt Laagua&e *11 Honorable C. 3. Miller, Fage 3.l
WY * * The cloinant was required to purahase a iruok whioh met the approval of the ccm+ny , xhlch truokhad to be galnted ir e cortzin xznner and bear the co~~an;r~a nciilO thereon. Clobent ms required, it tight reesonnbly have be& found, to sell the company*a produots at a certain prioe, C8rtahi *specials' whloh WBr8 iLClUdh~ 'pushed' by the oonrpsny ocoaslonal.ly. The prices paid by olalmant :or both 'speolalsf snd regular produots were fixed by the oom- pany, such prloes having a dlreot relation- ship to the prloe for whlah suoh products aotlld be sold. Claimant was required to keep his truck at the oompany garage, and repairs were made thereon by the oompsny and oharged to claimant without his knowl- edge or OOnsentr Books of aooount were supposed to be kept by olaimant whloh books were required to be left at the ot- floe of tho oompany unless oonsiznt was obtained to take them home. The oompeny maintained B speoial bank aoaount for claiagnt and daposlted.the money oolleot- ed from oustomers. Claimant~s oheok book, used to draw on said bank aooount; waa required to be left at the oriioe. The oompany had a right to i-at olaiicant*a route and did so lnspeot it by malnteia- lng a relief man who oaoaslonallg relieved claimant. Thin relief ma, who was an em- ployee of the oompany, made reports to the oompnay on the oonditlon of olaWantf8 route. Some ool~eotlons froiu oustemere on olairnantls.route were also made by a relief mnn who turned into the company all sum ao aolleoted. In adaitlon to the a- bove, the oonpany made rsuggestlons* and coffered advS.oe* es to how claimant should inorease sales, make oollaotlons, eta. The contract under whioh olalmant performed by the con- h.l.8 esrvlasla could be terminated pany at any time upon two weeket notice or within [24] hours where a *teohnlcal* bremh of the contract had been made.~ 2.
Honorabl4 C. R. Miller, Page I.3
under his wMzaat*. At all. events the evleenos 1s m&that ws oannot say that the Co~&ralon must, as rsasoncble men, have found that claimant wtm free from such control."
In Industrial commission f. Eorthwestcrn Xut. l,ife Inns. CO.. 8Q P. (28) 560, Suprams Court of Colorado, the 2usstloa wcis whethsr an agent of a life insura~e Oosi- pano was ln employment of ths oonpany witltin the manin& of the Oneqloynent Compsneatlon Act of t&t State. The definition of employment is the same as 1s set out In the Creameries of Anarioa case, mapram The Court said: to the 'Rules and &a~;- "In the preface
ulatlons,' whloh are a parf of the oontruots herein, ws find this lan&age; 'It is self- evident that Q buslnsss l.&@rlng aush enor- anus detail as that of a la& fife -fnsuxanoe oampenyoaunotb4oonduot4dinahaphe&ard WW. There must be definite rulae by whiah ~3.n be cafii4e to completion. 8mh edid otherwioe the Yerioue parta of the maohlne will not work aamothly and triafion and losa 0r *ifort *ill result.*
"Ksre we hem an admlasion of detafled dfreotion under ooaQ?aote‘tith the ~lndlvld$ ual! imolvsd herein. It would indeed re- quire e revolutlonazy chauge in the oonduot oT the 11;"s insurauoe buslneea, as shown by the evidenas, to bring about a eltucrtion whereby its ae8nte.woul.d be free from any oontrol or direstion.*
In oooparing the dsflxl$lon or employnmnt ln the above oases with the dsfini%lon of employment in the Stet- utes of Textis, we L"ina the detlnltlon is exaotlp the same In each insthnoe, with the enaeptlon that Sections (b) and (0) a5 set out In the Creamrfee Of America aam, 5upr6, are not folind in the Texas dafinitlon.
Sow other cases involving this $mstion area KaDermtt v. State, et al, 82 P. (Ed) 568; Globe Grain k Killbig, Co. v. Industrial Carmission, et al, 91 P. (Zd) 512; i;nsmploynent Compensation Com.ission 01 Zorth Carolina V. JeZeroori Standard tire li3sr Co., $ 8. E. (2d) 584; North-
westemi Mut. Ltfe Ina. Co. f. Ton4 et al, 4 A. (2d) 6166 In Ra Perdeiak, 19 N. Y. 8. (2d) 1600.
To determine whether the agent Is free fro5 oon- trol or direction of lnauraltoe oompanY, we refer baok to the iaote. Xe fine that th4 ag4nt must attend a mset- lng every morning, exaegt Monday, at a given time. He nnrst report baok to the ofiloe after he ha8 finished his
If he 1s late for the mralng meetings, he fxes?i to rlilloule by the mmgof~ xfuu&l4to be present at a meeting, he notlfles the atanager. lie oolleote premiumson oertain d-8 and ~oW~SagiVenn>ute in 80 do&l& A "md";y
agent to 800
leot 4 oertaln 4mouut 8 job. ~austmak4O\rh oertain report4 et 04rtai.n qeoifled tlmar.
.~rom the abow faots, 16 in obofou8 that tha agrb3t ie subjsot to n&um kind of oontrol or dimatic?n,
In the 0884 of Aaerleem Nat. fnrr, 00.". Dea)n, 4t tie 9s 8. IT. (2d) 870, the t-hUUhtiOn Or App44b h4u that am lmuranoe oompany was not liable for the negligent not of the agent in the ogeratlo&t of hi8 autimoblle while new bwlneea. The ia &n thin oaee are pmo- ealloltlng the aam as thaw Involved henr The oourt held tie the agent whioh would render the prino f that % prlnolpal dldnothw4thaOt pal. Uable for the qontr4lc~4r [402] agent0 n4gllg4noe.
I4 do not belleve that the above oaee ia oontrol- llng of the question involved heru. If the Yagialature had wqutee these agent@ exempted, why did it repeal tba very prorlslon whioh exempted them? We think tb language round in the ~reaneries of &mrioa 0~4, supra, 16 enlight- enlng. We quote aa follower
n* * ** The fact that n4lthm the term *employee* nor the tern *independent oontllaotor' Is mod any where in the Unemployrmnt C4mp4n4a- tlon not le itt34ir lndioative that the legiel.a- ture did not intend to UBB the relatiormhipe of 'independent oontzmtcir or *employer-amployae~, as d&incd by the common law, 88 the orlterla to determine who are sntftled to benefits under *15 Ranarable Cl 8. Itiller, Page 15 the+ 3noaploymllt ",oqpsnoation Aat. The
I-, . 07 wvml 'lJlillvi&usl' le uwd thro*ut the not to refer to the person seekidn(; unem- ~loylne.nt bullefitn. ;:rUlo the term 'en+ player' ami 'enploylq unit' am uaed, they are ejmoiffoan~ define4 by the hot no that they have a Gstinot rmeclng
wMoh my or may nat coincide with t$e* * ,, ordfnary ooMeption or" 'eEIpl0yer. .
In our cpinfon X0. O-1290, soma lang!stge Watt used wtioh ml&t be taken to indloate an opinion that the oommon law principlea laid down In our 5tieOsr and 06rvant oases tight be looked to Sor the purpose of a~terminln6 w&itthrr or not a person I# an eatplo~me wlthla thi8 Aot.
That, howet6r. 16 not n60688ariJ.y tna6. Wh5.10 'an lOY66 undra that line of oasen woulR un&oubtsOy be an ag To ym within the Aot, we do not beUsve that t&e oomver80 w~uliI alwayo be true.
For the reaaone herclAn give&, WB are af tba opinion that the agent In @mstion ia ana ban bean dnoe April 1,
th6 alploymentoftheiaauraoa* ooalpsnywl~ths of the Texae unemp10yiMnt aoPrpen8ation hot, four8 Y6ry tmly ATTORt'G'Y(3RREXAL~T~ Glenn R. Lexfe AeeiBtMt A~'I'OR?JEY GENERAL