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Com. v. Jean, J.
2959 EDA 2015
| Pa. Super. Ct. | Nov 22, 2016
|
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Case Information

*1 J-A21014-16

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37 COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF

: PENNSYLVANIA v. :

:

JOSHUA JEAN, :

: Appellant : No. 2959 EDA 2015 Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence July 14, 2014 in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, Criminal Division, No(s): CP-51-CR-0013192-2013 BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., DUBOW and MUSMANNO, JJ.

CONCURRING STATEMENT BY MUSMANNO, J.: FILED NOVEMBER 22, 2016

I agree with the Majority’s conclusion that, where the prosecutor had elicited testimony regarding Appellant’s prior arrest (or incarceration), defense counsel’s decision to forego a curative instruction waived Appellant’s ability to plead prejudice on appeal. See Commonwealth v. Norman , 549 A.2d 981, 986 (Pa. Super. 1988) ( en banc ) (citing Commonwealth v. Miller , 481 A.2d 1221 (Pa. Super. 1221 (Pa. Super. 1984), and concluding that, “[w]hen counsel chooses to refuse appropriate curative instructions for [a] legitimate tactical reason, the defense may not plead prejudice on appeal.”). I write separately to express my disagreement with the conclusions reached by this Court in Norman and Miller .

A trial court may grant a mistrial “only where the incident upon which the motion is based is of such a nature that its unavoidable effect is to deprive the defendant of a fair trial by preventing the jury from weighing *2 J-A21014-16

and rendering a true verdict.” Commonwealth v. Cash , 137 A.3d 1262, 1273 (Pa. 2016) (citation omitted). However, our Supreme Court has concluded that “‘[a] mistrial is not necessary where cautionary instructions are adequate to overcome prejudice.’” Id. (quoting Commonwealth v. Chamberlain , 30 A.3d 381, 422 (Pa. 2011)).

Absent a defendant’s confession, nothing can be more damaging and prejudicial to a defendant than testimony regarding a defendant’s prior arrest or conviction. In my 35 years of judicial experience, once a jury learns of a defendant’s prior conviction, the presumption of innocence, in reality, disappears. The impact of such testimony is immediate, and prevents the jury “from weighing and rendering a true verdict.” See Cash , 137 A.3d at 1273. The remedy of a “curative” instruction is illusory, as it cannot overcome the impact of such testimony on a jury.

Judge Dubow joins this concurring statement.

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Case Details

Case Name: Com. v. Jean, J.
Court Name: Superior Court of Pennsylvania
Date Published: Nov 22, 2016
Docket Number: 2959 EDA 2015
Court Abbreviation: Pa. Super. Ct.
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