OPINION
This is a double appeal involving shareholders’ ownership of two closely held corporations, breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract, and attorney’s fees.
In the first appeal, consisting of 37 issues (some overlapping and some containing numerous subparts), Michael T. Willis, Francie Willis, Urban Retreat of Houston, Inc., and Willis Hite Enterprises, Inc. seek reversal of a judgment awarding Dan Don-nelly $1.7 million for breach of contract, $1.7 million for breach of fiduciary duty, and a constructive trust on Urban Retreat stock and realty. First, we reverse and remand the breach of contract claim as more specifically delineated in this opinion because the trial court submitted an improper measure of damages. Because liability was contested, we may not reverse solely for a new trial on damages. Second, we affirm the judgment for breach of fiduciary duty. However, because the constructive trust partially provides a double recovery for breach of fiduciary duty and partially secures damages for breach of contract, which we are reversing and remanding, we remand for an election of remedies pertaining to breach of fiduciary duty and reverse that portion of the constructive trust relating to breach of contract.
In the second appeal, Dan Donnelly contends that the trial court erroneously awarded $400,000 in attorney’s fees in connection with his $26,982.58 default on a loan made to him by Mike Willis. We reverse and remand for a determination of properly segregated and reasonable attorney’s fees incurred in prosecuting the defaulted loan.
Background
A. Urban Retreat
Urban Retreat, a Houston day spa, had its genesis in 1989 through the planning of its visionary, Mike Willis, a Houston businessman. He and a hired consultant, Richard Hite, located a site for the spa adjacent to an exclusive neighborhood, negotiated a lease for the property, and obtained a loan to renovate the facility. Willis also formed two corporations, Urban Retreat of Houston, Inc. (the day spa, hereinafter “URB”) and Willis Hite Enterprises, Inc. (envisioned as a management business for a chain of spas, hereinafter “WHE”). 1
Having created the shell of Urban Retreat, Willis needed only to find staff and clientele. To this end, Hite approached Dan Donnelly, a popular hairstylist and president of an established local salon. Willis and Hite suggested that Donnelly could transfer his clientele and staff to the soon-to-open day spa. Donnelly would manage the spa, continue his hairstyling business, and strive to increase business. *23 In exchange, if certain longevity or gross revenue goals were met, Donnelly would gain ownership in URB and WHE, an increase in salary, and a seat on WHE’s board of directors. Willis personally assured Donnelly that he would provide the financial backing for the business.
Donnelly executed a Letter Agreement on July 10, 1989, which set forth the levels of URB and WHE stock ownership and salary he would attain over the years: (1) 25% URB stock and 10% of WHE stock after 12 months’ employment or when the spa’s gross revenues equaled those made in Donnelly’s salon the prior year; (2) annual increases of URB stock, up to 50%, contingent on yearly half-million-dollar gains in gross revenues; (3) $110,000 salary for two years; and (4) five percent of gross revenues as salary in year three and beyond. The Letter Agreement also provided each shareholder the right of first refusal to purchase another shareholder’s stock. Further, it set forth the value of Donnelly’s shares should his employment terminate: the greater of two times earnings in the prior year or assets minus liabilities.
Donnelly transferred his profitable business to URB, bringing several hairstylists, manicurists, and other salon personnel with him. URB held its grand opening in mid-December 1989. The gross revenues soon surpassed those of Donnelly’s previous salon.
However, Urban Retreat’s costs were great, and the construction expense had exceeded projections. Further, Willis and one other minimal shareholder had provided only $1,000 as capital contribution. The $800,000 construction loan was in URB’s name, although Willis provided a $600,000 certificate of deposit as collateral. Additionally, although Willis personally transferred almost $297,000 to URB, he listed it as a loan instead of capital contribution. 2 Thus, just six weeks after its grand opening, URB was over $1,000,000 in debt.
Willis quickly recognized the need to “stop the bleeding.” There is evidence that he proposed suspending Hite’s $7,000 a month salary even before the grand opening. He also considered transferring Hite’s employment to WHE instead of URB. In early 1990, Hite left Urban Retreat. 3 On January 1, 1990, just two weeks after the spa opening, the minimal shareholder transferred his 100 shares to Willis, leaving Willis the sole shareholder of URB’s 1,000 issued shares. 4 In April 1990, Willis hired a second consultant as URB’s “non-operating chief financial officer.” Willis promised to sell this man 25% of URB stock for $1 after Willis’s “capital investment” had been repaid.
Nonetheless, URB continued to lose money. Willis was thus faced with a financial quandary: he had personally guaranteed URB’s $14,000 a month lease, pledged his $600,000 CD as collateral for the construction loan, and invested $540,500 of cash by December 31, 1990. If URB did not meet its outside financial obligations, Willis would personally lose a large amount of money. The Letter Agreement with Donnelly added to the financial quagmire. It prevented Willis from firing Don-nelly within the first 12 months of business, except for gross misconduct. It also *24 guaranteed Donnelly’s stock ownership at the 12-month mark because gross revenues were on track. After 12 months, Willis could fire Donnelly and his shares would be worthless under the Termination provision of the Letter Agreement. However, Donnelly was by far the greatest revenue producer in the spa.
In March 1991 (after Donnelly met revenue goals ensuring him 25% URB stock and 10% WHE stock), Willis sought to change Donnelly’s status. Willis was no longer willing to provide 100% of the financing unless he was still “100% owner.” He wanted Donnelly to “step up” and “act like an owner.” Legal documents were prepared, but never signed, capping Don-nelly’s ownership at 25% of URB stock and rescinding the Letter Agreement. Willis also wanted Donnelly to assume some of the debt, but Donnelly declined to do so.
Certainly, it made good business sense for Willis to minimize his potential losses and work towards profitability. However, Willis then continued to control Urban Retreat in disregard of Donnelly throughout the years. He rationalized that Donnelly had relinquished ownership when he refused to “act like an owner.” When Don-nelly asked about stock issuance, Willis would assure him that he intended to five up to the Letter Agreement, but asked to delay until the business “turned the corner.” At the same time, Willis continued to use URB as a wholly-owned, sub-chapter S-eorporation for tax benefits. Willis also unilaterally cut Donnelly’s salary 5 in March 1992, supposedly temporarily, and diminished his management responsibilities. Willis continued to make “loans” to URB although there is no evidence such loans were approved by the board of directors. 6
Additionally, Willis controlled Urban Retreat through his wife, Francie. He supposedly transferred all of his URB stock to her. A “unanimous consent of the board” was prepared in March 1991, but never signed, reflecting URB’s permission for Francie to convey to Willis a beneficial interest in URB’s option to buy its realty. Then, on July 30, 1992, Willis and Francie personally purchased the URB realty for $1.6 million. On that day, Francie, acting as president, signed a waiver of URB’s option. Included in the waiver was the statement that a “third party” wished to buy the realty and that “said third party has required a release” of URB’s option. One week after closing, the Willises amended URB’s lease, increasing its total rent over the lease term by $280,000. URB’s monthly rent of $14,000 remained the same, though the Willises’ monthly note was then only $10,800. Further, in the new lease, the Willises obligated URB to .pay the property taxes. Finally, in March 1998, Francie signed a promissory note on behalf of URB, documenting that it owed her husband $1,897,896 in loans. 7
Over these years, Donnelly’s personal hairstyling revenues had increased, as did the overall gross revenues of the spa. In fact, every revenue goal in the Letter Agreement was met. Each time he asked *25 about his stock, Willis would assure Don-nelly that he would live up to the agreement. Finally, in late November 1994, Francie learned that Donnelly was helping a friend plan a new day spa. When she learned of this, she asked Donnelly to leave Urban Retreat.
B. Loans to Donnelly
In January 1992, Donnelly asked Willis to borrow $18,000. He signed a promissory note for that amount at eight percent annual interest, to be repaid $500 a month from Donnelly’s paychecks. On July 1, 1993, Willis loaned Donnelly an additional $20,000. He rolled the previous note into the second, for a total principal of $31,183.70, at eight percent annual interest, to be repaid from Donnelly’s paychecks. The entire amount would become due if Donnelly’s employment at URB terminated. After November 1994, Donnelly stopped paying the loan. Francie sent him a demand letter, wishing him well in his new endeavor and urging him to “honor the trust that Mike [Willis] placed in you.”
C. The Lawsuit
When Donnelly ignored Francie’s demand letter, Willis filed suit for the outstanding $26,982.58. Donnelly reciprocated by suing Willis, Francie, URB, and WHE for breach of the Letter Agreement and breach of fiduciary duty, among other claims. The jury ultimately found that URB and WHE breached the Letter Agreement; Willis and Francie ratified it; Donnelly was entitled to 50% of URB stock and 10% of WHE stock; and that contract damages were $1.7 million. The jury further found that Willis had breached his fiduciary duty to Donnelly and that those damages were $1.7 million. The jury rejected limitations questions for both issues. As for the loans to Donnelly, the jury found that he defaulted on the promissory note and owed $26,982.56 to Willis. Finally, the jury awarded both sides $400,000 in attorney’s fees.
Under the trial court’s judgment, Don-nelly was awarded (1) $1.7 million for the fiduciary duty claim; (2) $1.7 million for the contract claim; (3) a constructive trust on the Urban Retreat realty and on 50% of all URB stock and 10% of all WHE stock possessed by the Willises or Urban Retreat; and (4) $400,000 in attorney’s fees. The trial court awarded Mike Willis (1) $26,982.56 for the promissory note and (2) $400,000 in attorney’s fees.
Breach of Contract
In nine of the Willises’ issues and three of Urban Retreat’s issues, they attack the judgment against them for breach of contract.
A. Breach of Contract Jury Findings
In their first, second, and third issues, the Willises argue that Donnelly waived breach of contract because he failed to request jury findings that Willis and Francie breached the Letter Agreement. However, whether a party has breached a contract is a question of law for the court, not a question of fact for the jury.
Meek v. Bishop, Peterson & Sharp, P.C.,
Here, the existence of the Letter Agreement was undisputed; it was also undisputed that Donnelly never received the benefits promised in the Letter Agreement. The issues that were disputed, such as whether Donnelly waived enforcement of the contract (Question 6) and whether the Willises ratified it (Question 10), were submitted to the jury. It is uncontrovert-ed that the Willises failed to abide by the Letter Agreement. Thus, it was not necessary to submit the question about their breach to the jury, and Donnelly’s failure to request such a question does not result in waiver. Accordingly, we overrule the Willises’ first three issues.
B. Signatories to the Contract
In their fourth and fifth issues, the Willises argue they could not have breached the Letter Agreement because they were not signatories to it. The parties listed in the Letter Agreement were Willis, Hite, URB, WHE, and Donnelly. It was signed by Hite (individually and as president of WHE) and Donnelly. Willis’s signature line was crossed out.
The Willises contend their signatures or an authorized agent’s signature was required under the statute of frauds. The statute of frauds provides:
(a) A promise or agreement ... is not enforceable unless the promise or agreement, or a memorandum of it, is
(1) in writing; and
(2) signed by the person to be charged with the promise or agreement or by someone lawfully authorized to sign for him.
Tex. Bus. & Com.Code Ann. § 26.01(a)(2) (Vernon 2002). The Willises argue that they did not sign the contract nor is there evidence that Hite had authority to bind them.
In their argument, the Willises ignore the jury’s finding that they ratified the contract. Ratification is the adoption or confirmation by a person with knowledge of all material facts of a prior act that did not then legally bind him and that he had the right to repudiate.
Avary v. Bank of Am., N.A.,
C. Ratification
In their sixth issue, the Willises contend that their ratification of the contract is insufficient to support recovery for breach of contract. They again urge that a separate jury finding of breach is necessary. We have already overruled this contention in our disposition of issues one through three.
Additionally, in a single sentence in issue six, the Willises argue the evidence is legally and factually insufficient to show that they ratified or breached the Letter Agreement. Bare assertions of error, without citation to the record, present
*27
nothing for review. Tex.R.App. P. 38.1(h);
Thedford v. Union Oil Co. of Ca.,
D. Waiver through Pre-Suit Conduct
In the Willises’ seventh issue and Urban Retreat’s first and third issues, appellants contend that, as a matter of law, Donnelly waived breach of contract by his pre-suit conduct. Waiver is an affirmative defense. Tex.R. Crv. P. 94;
Rogers v. Cont’l Airlines, Inc.,
When an appellant attacks the legal sufficiency of an adverse answer to a finding on which it has the burden of proof, the appellant must overcome two hurdles.
Victoria Bank & Trust Co. v. Brady,
There is evidence in the record supporting the jury’s finding that Donnelly did not intentionally relinquish a known legal right. Donnelly testified, “Mr. Willis ... continually told me that ... once we turned the corner, you know, that he would at some point live up to the Letter Agreement. But until that time, I had to live by whatever compensation changes were enacted by Mr. Willis.” According to Donnelly, Willis would tell him that he could “not issue stock at this time.” Mike Willis’s testimony corroborates Donnelly’s account. He stated that he merely delayed issuing the stock and that had he been asked, he would have complied with the Letter Agreement. Because there is evidence supporting the jury’s finding, we do not review the record for evidence to the contrary. Accordingly, we overrule *28 the Willises’ seventh issue and Urban Retreat’s first and third issues.
E. Statute of Limitations
In the Willises’ eighth issue and subpart (a) of Urban Retreat’s second issue, they contend that Donnelly’s breach of contract claim is barred by the statute of limitations. A breach of contract action is subject to a four-year statute of limitations. Tex. Civ. PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 16.004 (Vernon 2002). Donnelly filed his lawsuit in August 1995. The jury found there was no failure to comply before August 24, 1991, making Donnelly’s claim timely.
Limitations is an affirmative defense, which the asserting party must prove.
Woods v. William M. Mercer, Inc.,
In contrast, Donnelly argues that his suit was timely, citing two cases with facts substantially similar to the facts in this case,
Pickett v. Keene,
In asserting the statute of limitations, appellants disregard the undisputed evidence that deadlines were postponed so the Willises could reap tax benefits and URB could “turn the corner.” “Even when an exact date of performance is specified in the contract, this provision can be waived by the parties.”
Sieber & Calicutt, Inc. v. La Gloria Oil & Gas Co.,
*29 F. Response to Jury Note
In the Willises’ ninth issue and Urban Retreat’s issue two, subpart (b), appellants contend the trial court improperly responded to the following jury note about the statute of limitations:
Does an answer of yes to question no. 7 [the statute of limitations question] indicate that the failure to comply [with the Letter Agreement] happened before that date and excludes the possibility that it happened on or after that date? 9
We find that appellants’ complaint is waived because (1) the record fails to sufficiently reflect (a) that a supplemental instruction was given to the jury or (b) the contents of such an instruction; and (2) appellants incorrectly and untimely presented their requested supplemental instruction to the trial court.
To show error regarding a supplemental jury instruction, the record must reflect the contents of the instruction and that the instruction was given.
Keene Corp. v. Gardner,
Next, appellants argue the trial court should have provided the supplemental question, ‘What is the earliest of any breach you have found?” in response to the jury’s note. However, appellants have waived error because they requested this supplemental question orally during jury deliberations. “To complain of the trial court’s omission of a requested instruction on appeal, a party is obliged to make a
written
request to the trial court
for
a substantially correct instruction.”
Jarrin v. Sam White Oldsmobile Co.,
Additionally, appellants have not provided case law that theft proposed supplemental question was legally correct, while Question 7 was not. The statute of limitations was theft affirmative defense, and they voiced no objection to Question 7 during the charge conference. Lastly, appellants’ argument about their proposed supplemental jury question simply reiterates theft previous points of error, which *30 we have overruled, about accrual of a contract claim.
For the above reasons, we overrule the Willises’ issue nine and Urban Retreat’s issue two, subpart (b).
BReach of Fiduciary Duty
The Willises’ next ten issues address Mike Willis’s breach of fiduciary duty.
A. Existence of Majority Shareholder/Minority Shareholder Relationship
In their tenth, eleventh, and twelfth issues, the Willises argue that there is no evidence of breach of fiduciary duty because, after October 1990, there was never a majority-minority shareholder relationship between Willis and Donnelly. Specifically, Willis argues that Francie became sole shareholder of Urban Retreat in October 1990, and thus he had no majority shareholder’s duty after that time. Further, he argues that Donnelly was never a shareholder.
When a party without the burden of proof challenges the legal sufficiency of the evidence to support an adverse jury finding, we construe the issue as a “no evidence” point.
See Gooch v. Am. Sling Co.,
The record includes evidence that Willis transferred stock to Francie as late as October or November 1991. Additionally, Francie testified that a magazine article in January 1991 identified her husband and Donnelly as the owners of Urban Retreat. This article was written approximately one month after the Letter Agreement contemplated transfer of 25% of URB stock and 10% WHE stock to Don-nelly. Further, shortly after March 1991, she was privy to a meeting between her husband and Donnelly in which Willis asked Donnelly to cap his ownership interest in URB at 25%. This is more than a scintilla of evidence showing that both Donnelly and Willis were shareholders in Urban Retreat after October 1990. Accordingly, we overrule issues ten, eleven, and twelve.
B. Claim Sounds in Contract Only
In issue 13, the Willises contend that a party cannot claim breach of fiduciary duty when the only alleged damages are the subject of a contract. The Willises argue that Donnelly’s only alleged damages arise from breach of the Letter Agreement; thus, the claim sounds only in contract.
See Southwestern Bell Tel. v. DeLanney,
First, we look to the source of the duty to act.
Id.
at 494. If the conduct in question gives rise to liability only because it breaches an agreement between the parties, the claim ordinarily sounds in contract.
Id.
In this first step, we “must look to the substance of the cause of action and not necessarily the manner in which it was pleaded.”
Reed,
Additionally, the contract between the parties may create both contract and tort duties.
Id.; see DeLanney,
In this case, breach of contract arose from failure to transfer shares to Donnelly and failure to compensate him at the rate set forth in the Letter Agreement. Donnelly alleged that breach of fiduciary duty arose from Willis’s (1) purchase of the URB realty; (2) lease of the realty to URB for the total debt on the property; (3) treatment of capital contributions as loans; (4) representation that Urban Retreat was worthless; and (5) personal use of Urban Retreat’s tax benefits. The damages for breach of contract, more fully addressed below, were the unpaid compensation and fair market value of the Urban Retreat stock. In contrast, the damages for breach of fiduciary duty involved the value of the realty and the benefits personally taken by Willis. Thus, Donnelly’s injuries did not arise solely from breach of the Letter Agreement. Accordingly, we do not agree that the damages sought were solely contract damages. We overrule issue thirteen.
C. Existence of Fiduciary Relationship
In their fourteenth issue, the Wil-lises contend the trial court erred in finding that a fiduciary relationship existed between Willis and Donnelly and in instructing the jury that such a relationship existed.
11
Whether a fiduciary relationship exists is normally a question of fact for the jury.
Procom Energy, L.L.A. v. Roach,
“[A] co-shareholder in a closely held corporation does not as a matter of law owe a fiduciary duty to his co-shareholder.”
Hoggett,
We disagree that there was no evidence of, or alternatively evidence conclusively disproving, a fiduciary relationship. There is evidence tending to show that Mike Willis engaged in oppressive conduct
12
and dominated control over the business.
See Hoggett,
Further, after Willis could not convince Donnelly to cap his ownership interest, he found a way to purchase the spa realty for himself. First, a corporate document was prepared allowing Francie to assign Willis an interest in the spa’s option. Later, he bought the realty, having Francie waive URB’s option the day of closing. Although URB supposedly could not afford to buy the realty, the Willises then charged the total debt to URB through rent.
13
By purchasing the realty, Willis also ensured that Donnelly’s stock value decreased under the Letter Agreement.
14
These could be construed as purposeful actions to dilute the value of shares while employing the business and its assets solely for Willis’s own benefit.
See generally Duncan v. Lichtenberger,
*33
Additionally, the evidence shows that Willis transferred all the URB stock to Francie as late as November 1991. By that time, Donnelly was a minority owner in the business, and he had a right of first refusal to purchase the shares per the Letter Agreement. Willis did not extend this opportunity to Donnelly.
See Thompson v. Hambrick, 508
S.W.2d 949, 951-54 (Tex.Civ.App.-Dallas 1974, writ ref'd n.r.e.) (fact issue whether majority shareholder’s sale of shares without offering right of first refusal to minority shareholder was a breach of fiduciary duty). Further, Willis unilaterally cut Donnelly’s salary and tried to cap his ownership interest, after delaying issuance of his stock. Willis’s own discovery answers reveal that he decided Donnelly was not acting like an owner, and he justified treating him like a nonowner for that reason.
See Davis v. Sheerin,
These examples defeat the Willises’ argument that only legal absolutes existed, i.e., no evidence supported the existence of a fiduciary relationship or that they conclusively disproved the existence of a fiduciary relationship. 15
Lastly, the Willises contend because it is a question of fact, the trial court erred in instructing the jury that a fiduciary relationship existed. 16 However, the Willises failed to object to Question 22 in the charge on this basis. 17 Instead, they objected as follows:
Plaintiffs would object to Question No. 22 in that there is no evidence to support submission of the issue.
Plaintiffs object to the submission of Question No. 22 because as a matter of law, Mike Willis owes no fiduciary duty to Dan Donnelly.
*34
These objections were insufficient to alert the trial court that existence of a fiduciary relationship was a fact question for the jury.
See State Dept. of Highways & Pub. Transp. v. Payne,
Accordingly, we overrule issue 14.
D.Failure to Obtain Findings
In their fifteenth issue, the Willises argue that Donnelly failed to obtain a jury finding on the existence of a fiduciary relationship. As we addressed in regard to issue 14, the Willises did not preserve error to complain about the lack of a jury finding. In their sixteenth issue, the Willises contend that Donnelly “failed to secure a finding as to ownership of any shares.” This point of error is vague, and the Willises offer no argument, citation to the record, nor authority in support of it. They have waived this issue.
Thedford,
E.Burden of Proof
In issue 17, the Willises complain that the trial court improperly placed the burden of proof for breach of fiduciary duty on Mike Willis. The Willises argue that before the burden of proof could be placed on Mike Willis, Donnelly was first required to establish the existence of a fiduciary relationship. This argument is an attempt to circumvent the Willises’ failure to object or to request the missing jury question on the existence of a fiduciary relationship. Further, the profiting fiduciary has the burden to prove questioned transactions were “fair, honest, and equitable.”
Estate of Townes v. Townes,
F.Standing to Sue
In issue 18, the Willises argue that Donnelly was required to bring a shareholder’s derivative suit to assert claims on behalf of the corporation for breaches of fiduciary duty. However, from our review of Donnelly’s pleadings, we conclude that he did not sue on behalf of the corporation. He only sued in an individual capacity.
To the extent the Willises are actually arguing that no fiduciary duties flowed to Donnelly individually, we refer to our analysis of issue fourteen. As discussed, there are instances in Texas law in which shareholders in closely held corporations owe other shareholders fiduciary duties. As we acknowledged in discussing issue fourteen, the existence of such a fiduciary relationship is a question of fact for the jury. As we further held, the Willises cannot complain on appeal about the absence of a jury finding because they failed to pre *35 serve error. Further, we disagreed with the Willises’ two contentions that (1) there was “no evidence” of a fiduciary relationship; or (2) they conclusively proved the nonexistence of such a relationship. We believe the evidence raised a fact issue on the existence of a fiduciary relationship between Willis and Donnelly, individually.
Accordingly, we overrule issue 18.
G. Statute of Limitations on Breach of Fiduciary Duty
In their nineteenth issue, the Wil-lises contend that Donnelly’s claim for breach of fiduciary duty is barred by the statute of limitations. There is a four-year statute of limitations for breach of fiduciary duty. Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. § 16.004 (Vernon 2002). The Willises argue that the only alleged breach of fiduciary duty was Willis’s failure to disclose information before Donnelly executed the Letter Agreement on July 10, 1989. Don-nelly did not sue until August 25, 1995, more than four years later.
However, Donnelly’s petition also alleged Mike Willis’s self-dealing, treating capital contributions as loans, failing to keep proper and accurate financial records, and improperly transferring stock to Francie. Evidence shows that (1) Francie received 100% of the URB shares as late as October or November 1991; (2) Mike Willis made numerous “loans” to URB after August 1991; and (3) Mike and Francie bought the URB property and waived the spa’s option to purchase it in July 1992. Because these alleged breaches of fiduciary duty occurred within four years of suit, Donnelly’s claims are not barred by the statute of limitations. We overrule issue nineteen.
CONSTRUCTIVE TRUST
In their twentieth, twenty-first, and twenty-second issues, the Willises contend that the trial court erroneously imposed a constructive trust on the URB realty, 50% of URB stock and 10% of WHE stock because (1) a fiduciary relationship did not exist or did not exist apart from the dealings made the basis of the lawsuit; (2) no fraud was established; (3) no pleadings support imposition of equitable relief; (4) there was no commingling; (5) equitable relief is improper to enforce contractual obligations and where the plaintiff gave services; (6) post-verdict evidence was improperly admitted; (7) imposition of the constructive trust violates their right to trial by jury and due process; (8) there was no evidence, insufficient evidence, and no finding upon which to impose a constructive trust; (9) constructive trusts should not be imposed where money damages are available; and (10) a constructive trust is improper because Donnelly had unclean hands. In issues five, six, and seven, Urban Retreat argues many of these same subissues and also claims that laches prevent imposition of the constructive trust.
A. Error in Imposing Constructive Trust
We address the first eight subissues, which constitute the Willises’ issue 20 and Urban Retreat’s issue five and portions of issue six. 18
Again, appellants contend no fiduciary relationship existed. Accordingly, we refer to our disposition of issue 14. Second, appellants argue that fraud must be shown before a constructive trust is imposed. However, “[a]ctual fraud, as well as breach of a confidential relationship, justifies the imposition of a construc
*36
tive trust.”
Meadows v. Bierschwale,
Third, appellants contend that there are no pleadings to justify imposition of the constructive trust on the realty. They do not cite any authority for the proposition that Donnelly, in seeking a constructive trust, must plead the specific property to which it should attach. In his petition, Donnelly sought a constructive trust because the Willises had been unjustly enriched by retaining all the Urban Retreat stock. His pleadings for a constructive trust also refer to and incorporate pleadings about Willis’s self-dealing, false characterization of capital, complete control of the business, and inaccurate record keeping. Further, Donnelly generally sought “all such other damages as [he] may be justly entitled,” and all “relief, at law or in equityf,] to which [he] is justly entitled.” The appellants did not specially except to the pleadings for equitable relief. “When a party fails to specially except, courts should construe the pleadings liberally in favor of the pleader.”
Horizon/CMS Healthcare Corp. v. Auld,
Fourth, appellants argue that a constructive trust was improper because the URB realty was never commingled with Urban Retreat stock. The cases appellants cite show that a constructive trust is proper when a fiduciary commingles assets.
See Graham v. Turner,
Fifth, appellants argue that a constructive trust was improper (1) to enforce contract rights and (2) because Donnelly “parted with services, not property,” and the proper remedy for services is payment. As detailed later in this opinion, we are reversing the contract claim because the jury considered the wrong measure of damages. Thus, we are also reversing the portion of the constructive trust that addressed Donnelly’s contract remedies. Additionally, we have already held that Donnelly sought damages for breach of fiduciary duty different from and in addition to those for breach of contract. Further, a constructive trust has a “very broad function of redressing wrong or unjust enrichment in keeping -with the basic principles of equity and justice.”
Ginther v. Taub,
Sixth, appellants protest that the trial court improperly admitted evidence post-verdict, specifically the affidavit of Sal Rodriguez, which was attached to Donnel *37 ly’s supplemental motion to enter judgment. Donnelly attached the affidavit as support for his post-verdict request to order amended URB tax returns. Appellants objected to the affidavit, but there is no ruling in the record as required by Rule of Appellate Procedure 38.1(a)(2). Further, the record does not reflect whether the trial court actually considered the affidavit. To the contrary, the trial court did not order amendments to the tax return. We thus overrule this subissue.
Seventh, appellants contend that imposition of the constructive trust violates their right to due process and trial by jury. Specifically, they complain that the trial court entered judgment on claims neither pleaded nor submitted to the jury. We have already addressed these claims as follows: (1) we found Donnelly’s pleadings for equitable relief sufficient for imposition of a constructive trust and (2) we also found that appellants failed to preserve error that the existence of a fiduciary relationship was a fact question for the jury. The jury’s finding of breach of fiduciary duty permits imposition of a constructive trust.
See Carr v. Weiss,
Eighth, the Willises contend in one sentence, without citation to the record or to authority, that “there was no evidence, no legally sufficient evidence, no factually sufficient evidence, and no finding of any basis upon which to impose a constructive trust on the stock or real property.” In the context of the Willises’ issue 20, this one sentence is merely a catch-all included at the end of briefing four-and-one-half pages long. Because it is multifarious, lacking in substantive analysis, and devoid of citation to authority and the record, they have waived this eighth subissue.
See Ryan v. Abdel-Salam,
Accordingly, having addressed these eight subissues, we overrule the Willises’ issue 20, Urban Retreat’s issue five, and the first portion of Urban Retreat’s issue six.
B. Money Damages Available
We next address the ninth subissue, which comprises the Willises’ twenty-first issue and Urban Retreat’s seventh issue. Appellants contend that the trial court erred in awarding equitable relief because Donnelly failed to establish that he lacked an adequate remedy at law. In other words, appellants claim that where money damages are available, a constructive trust may not be imposed. 19
The thrust of appellants’ argument is that (1) a constructive trust is an equitable remedy; (2) equitable remedies such as injunctions and specific performance require a lack of an adequate remedy at law; (3) thus, an inadequate remedy at law is a prerequisite to imposition of a constructive trust; (4) money damages are available to compensate any breach of fiduciary duty in this case; and (5) Donnelly is accordingly not entitled to a constructive trust. However, the forms of constructive trusts are “practically without limit” and may be “applied wherever necessary for the obtaining of complete justice,
although the law may also give the remedy of damages against the wrong-doer.” Fitz-Gerald v. Hull,
C. Unclean Hands
In the Willises’ issue 22
20
and the second portion of Urban Retreat’s issue six, appellants argue that Donnelly’s claims for equitable relief are barred by the doctrine of unclean hands. One who seeks a constructive trust must come with clean hands regarding the issue in dispute.
See Omohundro,
Appellants contend Donnelly’s hands are unclean because he breached his contract with them. Specifically, they contend he failed to bring his entire former staff to Urban Retreat, produced less revenue than promised, and attempted to establish a competing business.
21
However, breach of contract is an issue separate from breach of fiduciary duty. To bar equitable relief, a plaintiff’s inequitable conduct should arise with regard to the issue in dispute.
Wynne,
Because (1) Donnelly’s alleged unclean hands involve contract — a separate issue— and (2) appellants have not shown harm, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in disregarding appellants’ argument of “unclean hands.” Accordingly, we overrule issue 22 and the second portion of Urban Retreat’s issue six.
D. Laches
In the remainder of issue six, Urban Retreat argues that Donnelly’s claim for equitable relief is barred by lach-es. There are two essential elements of laches: “(1) unreasonable delay by one having legal or equitable rights in asserting them; and (2) a good faith change of position by another to his detriment be
*39
cause of the delay.”
Rogers v. Ricane Enter., Inc., 772
S.W.2d 76, 80 (Tex.1989). Extraordinary circumstances, which would work a grave injustice, must exist before laches bars a suit filed within the limitations period.
Caldwell v. Barnes,
Urban Retreat argues that it has been prejudiced because memories have faded over time. However, fading memory “is one of the policy reasons behind the statute of limitations.”
Wakefield v. Bevly,
Damages
In their twenty-third, twenty-fourth, and twenty-fifth issues, the Willises contend that the trial court improperly instructed the jury about the measure of damages for breach of contract and breach of fiduciary duty and improperly “stacked” the damages, which permitted a triple recovery. Urban Retreat urges these same issues in points of error eight, nine, and ten.
A. Breach of Contract Damages
First, appellants argue that the trial court submitted the wrong measure of damages for breach of contract to the jury. The jury awarded $1,707,684.30 in damages for unpaid salary and for stock value using the equation found in the Letter Agreement’s “Other Matters Relating to Shares.” We agree that the jury considered the wrong measure of damages for the stock value, although we disagree with the measure of damages urged by appellants.
“Damages must be measured by a legal standard, and that standard must be used to guide the fact finder in determining what sum would compensate the injured party.”
Allied Vista, Inc. v. Holt,
In contrast, the shares have value if the provision in “Other Matters Relating to Shares” applies. Under that provision, share value equals the market value of the real estate plus the previous 12 months’ gross revenue. 23 Thus, Urban Retreat’s debts would not be considered. However, the plain language of the Letter Agreement reveals that “Other Matters Related to Shares” is activated only in two situations: (1) when a shareholder exercises a right of first refusal and (2) in an exchange of stock if multiple “Urban Retreat companies” combine.
The parties simply disagree regarding which of the two provisions should be used to value the shares. However, neither of the two is a liquidated damages provision applicable in the event of breach of contract.
See Lafarge Corp. v. Wolff, Inc.,
Further, appellants cannot take advantage of provisions favorable to them in the very contract they breached.
See Baker Marine Corp. v. Weatherby Eng’g Co.,
In a breach of contract action for failure to transfer shares of a closely held corporation, “[t]he proper measure of damages is the fair market value of the stock.... ”
See Bowers Steel, Inc. v. DeBrooke,
(a) The nature of the business and the history of the enterprise from its inception.
(b) The economic outlook in general and the condition and outlook of the specific industry in particular.
(c) The book value of the stock and the financial condition of the business.
(d) The earning capacity of the company.
(e) The dividend paying capacity.
(f) Whether or not the enterprise has good will or other intangible values. 24
(g) Sales of stock and the size of the block of the stock to be valued.
(h) The market price of stocks of corporations engaged in the same or similar line of business having their stocks actively traded in a free and open market, either on an exchange or over-the-counter.
InterFirst Bank Dallas,
Regardless, the calculation should reflect the value at the time of injury.
See Bendalin,
We hold that the correct measure of damages is the fair market value of the stock in URB and in WHE at the time of Donnelly’s termination in November 1994. Accordingly, the trial court erred in submitting the wrong measure of damages.
*42
When a trial court erroneously instructs the jury on the measure of damages, the submission is reversible error. See
Arthur Andersen & Co. v. Perry Equip. Corp.,
B. Breach of Fiduciary Duty Damages
In the Willises’ issue 24 and Urban Retreat’s issue nine, appellants contend that the trial court erred in omitting a measure of damages in the breach of fiduciary duty question. In Question 25, the court asked the jury, “What sum of money, if any, if paid now in cash, would fairly and reasonably compensate Dan Donnelly for his damages, if any, that were proximately caused by such conduct [Mike Willis’s breach of fiduciary duty]?” The court, however, did not instruct the jury on what items to consider in assessing damages.
“[W]hen the trial court has erroneously failed to include instructions on the proper measure of damages, it is the complaining party’s burden both to object to the charge and to tender such instructions in substantially correct form.”
Tex. Commerce Bank v. Lebco Constructors, Inc.,
Although appellants objected, they failed to tender an instruction in substantially correct form. Their proposed measure of damages was the “Termination” provision from the Letter Agreement, which would limit damages for breach of fiduciary duty to stock value calculated at the greater of (1) assets minus liabilities or (2) two times the prior year’s earnings. However, Donnelly presented evidence that Willis’s purchase of the URB realty and his characterization of capital contributions as loans were breaches of fiduciary duty. Appellants’ proposed measure of damages would exclude consideration of realty value and the amount of money mischaracterized as loans. Thus,
*43
assuming that Question 25 was deficient,
27
appellants have waived error by failing to tender an instruction on the correct measure of damages.
See Miller v. Kendall)
C. Stacking
In the Willises’ twenty-fifth issue and Urban Retreat’s tenth issue, appellants contend that the trial court erroneously stacked the damages, permitting a triple recovery. First, they contend that the jury awarded the same amount of money for breach of contract and breach of fiduciary duty, which constitute a single injury. They then contend that the trial court tripled the recovery by imposing a constructive trust.
“A double recovery exists when a plaintiff obtains more than one recovery for the same injury.”
Waite Hill Servs., Inc. v. World Class Metal Works, Inc.,
Lastly, appellants argue that the constructive trust triples Donnelly’s recovery. Donnelly concedes that the constructive trust duplicates the money judgment and seeks remand for an election of remedies. “A party who seeks redress under two or more theories of recovery for a single wrong must elect, before the judgment is rendered, under which remedy he wishes the court to enter judgment.”
Star Houston, Inc. v. Shevack,
However, appellate courts sometimes remand a case for an election of remedies.
See, e.g., Waite Hill Servs.,
In summary, we overrule the Willises’ issue 25 and Urban Retreat’s issue ten to the extent appellants contend fiduciary duty damages are the same as contract damages. We partially sustain the issues as follows. First, we reverse and remand the constructive trust imposed on Urban Retreat stock because it duplicates damages for breach of contract, which we have reversed and remanded for a new trial. Second, we remand the constructive trust imposed on the realty for an election of remedies because it duplicates money damages awarded for breach of fiduciary duty.
Attorney’s Fees
A. Fees Awarded to Donnelly
In the Willises’ issue 26 and a portion of Urban Retreat’s issue four, appellants contend that Donnelly was not entitled to attorney’s fees. In the Willises’ issue 27 and the remainder of Urban Retreat’s issue four, they argue that Donnelly failed to properly present his claim, timely disclose expert opinions regarding the fees, and offer evidence about a reasonable fee.
Donnelly was awarded attorney’s fees in conjunction with his breach of contract claim. Tex. Civ. PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 38.001 (Vernon 1997) (permitting attorney’s fees for a “valid” claim on a contract). Because we have reversed and remanded the contract claim, Donnelly has no longer proved a “valid” contract claim.
See Wright Way Const. Co., Inc. v. Harlingen Mall Co.,
B. Fees Awarded to Mike Willis
In his cross-appeal, Donnelly contends in two issues that the trial court erred in awarding Mike Willis $400,000 in attorney’s fees for a $26,982.58 defaulted promissory note. Donnelly complains that the attorney’s fees were not segregated and thus include the costs of defending his suit against Urban Retreat and the Willises. “One of the thorniest and most frequently litigated issues involved in proof of attorney’s fees concerns segregation of recoverable fees.” Scott A. Brister, Proof of Attorney’s Fees in Texas, 24 St. Maey’s L.J. 313, 342 (1993). We agree that the attorney’s fees awarded to Mike Willis were not properly segregated, and we reverse and remand the issue.
In his first cross-issue, Donnelly argues the trial court erred in overruling his ob *45 jections to Question 4, in which the trial court asked the jury to determine Willis’s reasonable attorney’s fees “in this case.” 28 We interpret Donnelly’s briefing to contend that the trial court erred in awarding Mike Willis fees for all the legal work performed in the lawsuit, including defense of Donnelly’s counterclaims involving the Letter Agreement and Urban Retreat, and including fees incurred by Francie and Urban Retreat (who were not parties to the promissory note). In other words, Donnelly argues that Willis failed to segregate the attorney’s fees related to his successful recovery on the promissory note, which was the sole basis for his entitlement to an award of attorney’s fees. We agree.
We review such a claim of jury charge error for abuse of discretion.
Tex. Dept. of Human Servs. v. E.B.,
Whether attorney’s fees are authorized in a particular case is a question of law to be determined by the court.
Holland v. Wal-Mart Stores,
As a general rule, the party seeking to recover attorney’s fees carries the burden of proof.
Stewart Title Guar. Co. v. Sterling,
In the absence of segregation, a trial court may refuse to award attorney’s fees.
See S. Concrete Co. v. Metrotec Fin., Inc.,
Originally, Mike Willis sued Dan Donnelly for the balance owing on a $31,183.70 promissory note. The loan was made between the men in 1993, several years after Urban Retreat opened. The loan proceeds were for Donnelly’s personal use; he asserted affirmative defenses to recovery on the note and a usury counterclaim, the facts of which were unrelated to the business of Urban Retreat or the Letter Agreement. Donnelly stopped paying the note when he was terminated from Urban Retreat in 1994. The jury found he owed the balance of $26,982.58. Mike Willis successfully overcame affirmative defenses to the promissory note and the usury counterclaim.
Donnelly’s claims for breach of the Letter Agreement, breach of fiduciary duty, fraud in the inducement, and tortious interference against Willis, Francie, WHE, and URB all involved the Urban Retreat business. Most of the copious discovery and trial evidence addressed these claims, not the promissory note. Donnelly’s claims against the Willises and Urban Retreat did not involve the creation, execution, and non-payment of the promissory note. The promissory note arose from a separate transaction. Prosecution and defense of the promissory note did not require proof or denial of essentially the same facts. The only similarity of facts is that Willis and Donnelly were parties to both.
Because Mike Willis prevailed at trial to recover the balance of the promissory note, attorney’s fees are authorized for prosecuting that claim. See Tex. Civ. PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 38.001(8) (Vernon 1997). However, this statute does not au *47 thorize recovery of attorney’s fees for a party’s defense of breach of contract, fraudulent inducement, tortious interference, or breach of fiduciary duty claims. Id. There is no authority that entitles Willis to recover attorney’s fees for his defense of Donnelly’s breach of the Letter Agreement, breach of fiduciary duty, tor-tious interference, and fraud in the inducement counterclaims.
Willis relies upon the case of
Republic-Bank Dallas v. Shook,
At trial, Willis was not seeking to recover only his attorney’s fees on the promissory note and the usury counterclaim. Instead, the jury question asked: ‘What is a reasonable fee for the necessary service of Mike Willis’s attorneys in this case, stated in dollars and cents?” The question failed to limit recovery only for attorney’s fees Mike Willis incurred in prosecuting the note, overcoming defenses to it, and defeating Donnelly’s usury counterclaim, which was the sole counterclaim inextricably related to the promissory note. Re-publicBank is thus not support for Willis’s assertion that, as a matter of law, all of Donnelly’s counterclaims were so intertwined with the promissory note as to allow recovery of attorney’s fees for the whole case.
Willis next argues that the expert testimony of Finis Cowan supports recovery of total attorney’s fees. We have reviewed this witness’s testimony. Although he testified that he considered RepublicBank in arriving at his opinion, this is insufficient to demonstrate that the facts surrounding Willis’s recovery on the promissory note were integrally related to Donnelly’s other claims against the Willises and Urban Retreat. It was Mike Willis’s burden to present evidence segregating the attorney’s fees and he failed to do so.
Accordingly, we sustain Donnelly’s cross-issue one. Question 4 was erroneous because it did not properly limit recovery and because there was no evidence of segregated fees.
29
Because the determination of reasonable attorney’s fees is a question for the trier of fact, we remand the attorney’s fees issue for determination of what portion of the $400,000 in attorney’s fees is attributable to the successful prosecution of Mike Willis’s claim on the promissory note and defense of the usury counterclaim.
See Stewart Title,
Conclusion
In summary, we affirm the judgment against Mike Willis for breach of fiduciary duty. However, the constructive trust awards a double recovery for breach of fiduciary duty. We therefore remand for an election of remedies between the constructive trust on the realty and the $1.7 million awarded by the jury for breach of fiduciary duty.
Next, we overrule the Willises and Urban Retreat’s challenges to liability for breach of contract. We further hold that the statute of limitations for breach of contract did not accrue before August 24, 1991. However, the jury charge contained an incorrect measure of damages for breach of contract. Accordingly, we reverse and remand for a new trial on contract damages. Because we are reversing and remanding the damages issue, we also reverse and remand the portion of the constructive trust imposed on URB and WHE stock, which duplicates contract damages. As a consequence of the new trial on contract damages, we must also reverse and remand the contract liability issues, found in Questions 5, 6, 8, 9, and 10. Finally, because Donnelly is no longer a prevailing party, we reverse and remand the attorney’s fees awarded to him on his breach of contract claim.
In Donnelly’s cross-appeal, we hold that the trial court erred in permitting the jury to consider unsegregated attorney’s fees incurred by the Willises and Urban Retreat, instead of those incurred solely by Mike Willis in prosecuting Donnelly for defaulting on a promissory note and prevailing on Donnelly’s usury counterclaim.
Accordingly, we affirm the judgment for breach of fiduciary duty, remand for an election of remedies consistent with this opinion, reverse and remand all breach of contract issues, except the limitations question, reverse and remand the award of attorney’s fees to Donnelly, and reverse and remand the award of attorney’s fees to Mike Willis.
SUPPLEMENTAL OPINION ON REHEARING
Michael T. Willis, Francie Willis, Willis Hite Enterprises, Inc., and Urban Retreat of Houston, Inc., have filed a motion for rehearing and motion for rehearing en banc from our opinion. While we change nothing in our opinion or disposition of the appeal, we supplement the opinion to address three issues raised in the motion for rehearing. The motion for rehearing is denied.
Ratification
In issue eight of their motion for rehearing, appellants contend ratification by Michael and Francie Willis must also conform to requirements of the statute of frauds because the Letter Agreement was subject to the statute of frauds. This issue is raised for the first time in the motion for rehearing. An assignment of error raised for the first time in a motion for rehearing is too late to be considered.
Lee v. Lee,
Standing Versus Capacity
In issue seven of their motion for rehearing, appellants contend that Donnelly lacks standing to sue for Urban Retreat’s damages. Appellants confuse “capacity,” which has been waived, with “standing,” which we addressed in our original opinion.
“A plaintiff has
standing
when it is personally aggrieved, regardless of whether it is acting with legal authority.”
Nootsie, Ltd. v. Williamson County Appraisal Dist.,
Further, to challenge capacity, a party must file a verified denial.
See
Tex.R. Civ. P. 93(2);
see also Pledger v. Schoellkopf,
Remand of Limitations Issue
In their tenth issue, appellants contend we must reverse and remand the limitations issue because we reversed and remanded breach of contract and damages questions. Texas Rule of Appellate Procedure 44.1 permits an appellate court to reverse those portions of a matter in controversy that are affected by the error. The rule prohibits a separate trial solely on unliquidated damages if liability is contested. Tex.R.App. P. 44.1(b). In this case, the trial court erroneously submitted the wrong measure of damages for breach of contract. Because liability was contested, we reversed and remanded not only the damages question, but also questions about breach of contract, ratification, waiver, and percentages of ownership in the corporations. We did not reverse and remand the contract statute of limitations issue.
Accrual of the statute of limitations is a question of law.
Moreno v. Sterling Drug, Inc.,
Finding it unnecessary to write regarding the remaining seven points in their motion, we deny appellant’s motion for rehearing.
Notes
. Collectively, we refer to URB and WHE as Urban Retreat.
.This "loan” was not approved by resolution of URB’s board of directors, as required by the URB by-laws. In contrast, the $800,000 construction loan had been approved by the board (consisting of Willis, the minimal shareholder, and Hite).
. By terminating his employment so quickly, Hite never earned 25% of URB stock as contemplated in his own letter agreement with Willis.
. URB was authorized to issue up to 100,000 shares.
. From 5% of gross revenues to $3,000 per month, 60% of his hair styling, 10% of his product sales, and a 5% commission each month the Hair Department exceeded $100,000 in revenue.
. By 1992’s end, Willis's cash loans equaled $1,746,643. At 1993's end, this amount had increased to $1,897,896.
.Again, no evidence exists that URB's board of directors approved this "evidence of indebtedness ... issued in its name” as required by the by-laws. Supposedly, Willis, Francie, Donnelly, and two others were board members until March 17, 1993, when Fran-cie, as "sole shareholder,” made herself sole director.
. Question 6: "Was the failure to comply [with the Letter Agreement] excused? Failure to comply with an agreement is excused ... if compliance was waived by Dan Donnelly. A waiver is an intentional surrender of a known right or intentional conduct inconsistent with that right.” The jury answered, "No.”
. Question 7: "Did the failure to comply ... occur prior to August 24, 1991?”
. Nine other notes from the jury, and the trial court’s responses, do appear in the clerk’s record.
. In Question 22, the trial'court instructed the jury, "Mike Willis owed Dan Donnelly a fiduciary duty.”
."Oppressive conduct” is defined as:
1. majority shareholders' conduct that substantially defeats the minority’s expectations that, objectively viewed, were both reasonable under the circumstances and central to the minority shareholder’s decision to join the venture; or
2. burdensome, harsh, or wrongful conduct; a lack of probity and fair dealing in the company’s affairs to the prejudice of some members; or a visible departure from the standards of fair dealing and a violation of fair play on which each shareholder is entitled to rely.
Willis v. Bydalek,997 S.W.2d 798 , 801 (Tex. App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1999, pet. denied).
. The Willises argued that URB could not afford to buy the realty, although evidence suggests that Willis's improper characterization of capital as debt helped place the business in its allegedly poor financial condition.
. Under the Letter Agreement, Donnelly could sell his stock but first had to offer to sell them to other shareholders using the equation "real estate appraised at market value plus previous twelve months’ gross revenue.”
.The Willises include a catchall, multifarious assertion of error at the end of this portion of their argument, contending there is "no evidence, no legally sufficient evidence, and no factually sufficient evidence that Michael Willis had a fiduciary relationship with Donnelly....” We are not required to address multifarious issues.
See State v. Interstate Northborough P'ship,
. It is error for a trial court to instruct a jury that shareholders in a closely held corporation owe each other a fiduciary duty as a matter of law.
Pabich,
. The Texas Pattern Jury Charges includes a chapter about fiduciary duty. Tex. Pattern Jury Charges PJC 104.1-104.2 (2000). PJC 104.1 asks whether a fiduciary duty exists between parties. In this case, no one requested PJC 104.1 in the charge, and Willis did not object to its omission. PJC 104.2 then asks if one party complied with its fiduciary duty to another. In Question 22, the trial court tracked the language of PJC 104.2 almost word-for-word.
. Urban Retreat does not argue subissues three and eight.
. The jury awarded $1,707,684.30 for Mike Willis’s breach of fiduciary duty.
. The Willises fail to brief issue 22. We thus address the argument as presented in Urban Retreat’s brief.
. The Letter Agreement states that Donnelly agreed to "use his best efforts” to persuade his entire staff and clientele to transfer to Urban Retreat. The Letter Agreement also states that while employed at Urban Retreat, Donnelly may not compete in the Houston area by performing "personal care, beauty, and hair” services or owning an interest in a competing business.
. "After twelve (12) months of employment, if Mr. Donnelly is terminated, Mr. Donnelly would likewise be required to sell his shares of the Urban Retreat and Willis/Hite to those companies and would receive book value of such shares or the value of such shares as determined by multiplying two times prior year’s earnings ..., whichever is greater. 'Book Value' is defined as the assets minus liabilities....”
. "Book Value of Owners’ Equity = Real Estate Appraised at Market Value Plus Previous Twelve (12) Months Gross Revenues.”
. Per the Letter Agreement, WHE owns "all rights to the name 'The Urban Retreat.’ ” WHE’s ownership of the name is confirmed in a "URH/URC Contract.” The evidence does not reveal whether WHE had liabilities or other assets when Donnelly’s employment terminated.
. Under Rule 44.1(b), we remand the portion of the matter in controversy that is affected by the error and that is fairly separable. Accordingly, we remand Question 5 (the breach of contract question), Question 6 (whether the failure to comply was excused), Question 8 (the percentage of URB stock to which Donnelly was entitled), Question 9 (the percentage of WHE stock to which Donnelly was entitled), Question 10 (ratification), and Question 11 (damag&s incurred for breach of contract).
. When a measure of damages is omitted, the complaining party must request the correct measure. Tex.R. Civ. P. 278;
see Fairfield Estates, L.P. v. Griffin,
.
But see Rowe v. Rowe,
. Donnelly objected that in answering Question 4, the juty was not limited to assessing attorney’s fees incurred solely by Mike Willis for only the promissory note claim. Donnelly also objected that there was no evidence segregating the fees.
. Donnelly does not assert points of error for legal or factual insufficiency of the evidence. Even if he had done so, we could not reverse and render. If a party does not properly segregate attorney’s fees, it is error to completely deny recovery of attorney’s fees on a contract claim, as evidence of unsegregated attorney’s fees is more than a scintilla of evidence of segregated fees.
Int’l Sec.Life Ins. Co.,
. A brief survey of the law after the motion for rehearing was filed uncovered divergence in whether jurisdictions require ratification to conform with the statute of frauds. The case law cited in the motion for rehearing was not urged in the appellate briefing, further demonstrating that the issue is newly raised in the motion for rehearing.
