OPINION BY
Joseph Elements and Janice Elements, his wife, (the “Klementses”) appeal -from a final order of the Court of Common Pleas of Washington County (trial court). We affirm in part and reverse in part.
In January 1997, Cecil Township (Township) filed an action in equity against the Klementses to compel compliancе with the Township’s Ordinance. The complaint alleged that the Klementses were maintaining an unlawful junkyard with approximately forty vehicles in and around their property. On September 24, 1997, the parties entered into a Consent Order. The Consent Order, required that (1) all vehicles without current inspection and registration be removed within 30 days of the order and any vehicle not so removed be removed by the Township with the costs born by the Klementses; (2) all vehicles that have a current inspection and registration be stored behind the proposed fence line; (3) a six foot wooden fence be erected; (4) no vehicles without a valid work order be permitted on the property; (5) in support of a valid work order, a non-inspected/registered vehicle may be stored behind the fence not to exceed 90 days; and (6) all parts, debris, motorcycles, and/or vehicle-related items be stored behind the building.
On December 15, 1997, the Township filed the first rule to show cause why the Klementses should not be held in contempt. Following a hearing, the trial court gave the Klementses 45 days to erect a fence and ordered that the Consent Order is to be complied with, to the extent that it can be, until the fence is erected by order dated January 15,1998.
On May 4, 1998, the Township filed a second petition to show cause why the Klementses should not be held in contempt. Following a hearing, on May 27, 1998, the trial court found that the Kle-mentses were in contempt of the Consent Order and ordered that $3,500 be paid to the Township. The order direсted that if the Klementses failed to comply with the Consent Order by a certain date, the $3,500 would be forfeited to the Township. If the Klementses complied with the Consent Order, the Township was to return the sum of $3,500, without interest, less reasonable counsel fees, to the Klementses in monthly installments of $500, so long as compliance is maintained.
On November 21, 2001, a third petition to show cause was filed. Following a hearing on the same, the trial court rendered the following findings of fact. The evidence presented by the Township as well as Joseph Elements’ own testimony proved that there are continuous violations of the Consent Order. The Klementses have continually and, at times, willfully ignored the Consent Order. The Klementses have continually made excuses as to why the
Since the time of the initial court order, there have been at least four or five occasions where vehiсles have been involuntarily removed from the premises by the Cecil Township Police, involving at least six to ten vehicles during each seizure. Paragraph 5 of the Consent Order contemplates that there will be inspections to verify work orders before removal. There have been virtually no inspеctions by the police prior to removal. The police have seized the vehicles and have forced the Klementses to retrieve the vehicles by producing the work order. The removals have occurred at midnight and/or early Sunday morning. This in contrary to paragraph 5, which contemplates contact during reasonable work hours.
In the normal course of business operations, in support of the right guaranteed by paragraph 1 of the Consent Order, numerous vehicles have accumulated at the Klementses’ property, even though the work has been completed fоr the customer. These are appropriately road-worthy and not junk. However, for various reasons, including late payment of fee, the customers have not regained possession of their vehicles.
The trial court further found that over the years, there have been substantial disagreemеnts between the parties concerning the interpretation of the Consent Order. The third petition to show cause, while brought by the Township, was agreed upon by both parties in order to bring the issues before the court to clarify the earlier orders and establish an unambiguous procedure.
By order dated March 28, 2002, the trial court ordered, inter alia, that the $3,500 deрosit be forfeited to the Township and that all unregistered/unlicensed vehicles are to be removed from the property within seven (7) days, and from one week hence, there are to be no unregistered/unlicensed vehicles placed/parked on the property. The trial court ordered that, in all other respects, the Consent Order and its amendments shall remain in full force and effect. From this decision, the Klementses have filed the present appeal. 1
The Klementses have raised the following issues for our review:
1. Whether the trial court, without authority, amended the obligations of the party beyond the scope of what had previously been agreed to?
2. Whether the Township met its burden of proof to demonstrate a willful violation of a court order so as to support the contempt charge?
The Klementses contend that the trial court lacked authority to modify the parties’ Consent Order. We agree.
In Pennsylvania, a consent decree in an equity action is not treated as a legal determination by the courts, but rather, as an agreement between parties.
Penn Township v. Watts,
A consent decree is not a legal determination by the court of the matters in controversy but is merely an agreement between the parties. It is in essence a contract binding the parties thereto. As a contract, such a decree requires a mutual understanding of and concerted action by the parties.... A court has neither the power nor the authority to modify or vary the terms set forth in a consent decree, under such circumstances, in the absence of fraud, accident or mistake.... The consent decree derives its efficacy from the agreement of the parties and the approval of the chancellor. It bound the parties with the same force and effect as if a final decree had been rendered after a full hearing upon the merits.
Commonwealth v. United States Steel Corporation,
Where a decree in equity is entered by the consent of the parties, it is binding upon the parties until they choose to amend it.
Weeast v. Borough of Wind Gap,
In the case before us, paragraрh 5 of the Consent Order clearly permits unlicensed/unregistered vehicles to be stored or maintained on the premises behind the fence fine for a period not to exceed 90 days provided the vehicles have a valid work order. The Klementses negotiated this term in the Consent Order in order to аllow the retrieval of spare parts for use in Klementses’ vehicle reconstruction business. The trial court’s order of March 28, 2002 no longer permits any unregistered and unlicensed vehicles to be stored behind the fence line even if they are supported by a work order. Paragraph 2 of the trial сourt’s order provides:
All unregistered/unlicensed vehicles are to be removed from the property within seven (7) days, and from one week hence, there are to be no unregistered/unlicensed vehicles placed/parked on the property on any portion of Mor-ganza Road аdjacent to the Defendants’ real estate.
This portion of the trial court’s order is contrary to the Consent Order. The pro 1 hibition of any unregistered and unlicensed vehicles to be stored behind the fence line even if they are supported by a work order is a material change to that which thе parties agreed. Although the parties consented to the clarification of the earlier orders, the parties did not agree to the modification of the Consent Order.
As a result, the trial court did not have the authority to modify the consent decree, but was required to give effect to the intеntions of the parties and enforce the orders as contemplated by the agreements, unless modification was necessitated by fraud, accident or mistake. Neither the order nor the opinion of the trial court provides any basis for concluding that the exceptions to the rule against modification were applied in this case. We, therefore, conclude that the trial court has erred in modifying this portion of the Consent Order.
The courts of this Commonwealth possess an inherent power to inflict summary punishment for contempt as a result of disobedience or neglect of the lawful orders or process of the court.
Commonwealth v. Garrison,
In a contempt proceeding, the burden is upon the complaining party to prove noncompliance by a preponderance of the evidence.
Barrett v. Barrett,
In the case before us, the trial court found that there had been substantial disagreements between the parties concerning the interpretation of the Consent Order that necessitated court clarification to establish an unambiguous procedure. Specifically, the trial court found that the Township’s midnight removal of vehicles from the property was contrary to the Consent Order which contemplated inspections to verify work orders prior to removal during reasonable work hours. As a result, the trial court сlarified this procedure by ordering the following:
Thereafter and prior to towing and removal of any vehicle, Elements will be served with a written notice of violation. If the violation is not corrected forthwith, the Township may tow the offending vehicle and initiate the contempt process. Fines, as wеll as costs and fees will be assessed following a hearing on the contempt issue.
Trial Court Opinion, p. 6. While portions of the Consent Order, primarily those relating to procedure for the removal of the vehicles, needed clarification, in all other respects, the 1997 Consent Order and the trial court’s subsequent orders to compel compliance with the Consent Order remained in full force and effect.
The Township, the burdened party, presented the testimony of Lieutenant Robert Ware, as well as records and. photographs of auto parts, debris and other junk on the property аnd their state of disrepair, to demonstrate that the Klementses have not
Accordingly, the order of the trial court is affirmed in part and reversed in part. The order is affirmed insofar as it orders the forfeiture of the $8,500 fine upon finding that the Elementses have not purged themselves of their contemptuous conduct. The order is reversed insofar as the trial court modified paragraph 5 of the 1997 Consent Order.
ORDER
AND NOW, this 21st day of April, 2003, the order of the Court of Common Pleas of Washington County is affirmed in part and reversed in part. The order is reversed insofar as the trial court modified paragraph 5 the 1997 Consent Order. The order is affirmed in all other respects, including the forfeiture of the $3,500 fine upon finding that Elementses have not purged themselves of their contemptuous conduct.
Notes
. This Court’s scope of review in an equity matter is limited to determining whether the trial court committed error of law or abused its discretion.
Penn Township v. Watts,
