(a) In General.— Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, this chapter shall take effect on .
(b) Regulations.— Sections 411(d), 412(c), 413(c), 414(c), 415(c), 416(c), 421(d), 425(d), 431(c), 431(d), 452(a), and 454(a) shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act.1
The date of enactment of this Act, referred to in subsec. (b), probably means the date of enactment of Pub. L. 104–331, which enacted this chapter and was approved .