Tenn. Const. art. II, § 6
The number of Senators shall be apportioned by the General Assembly among the several counties or districts substantially according to population, and shall not exceed one- third the number of Representatives. Counties having two or more Senators shall be divided into separate districts. In a district composed of two or more counties, each county shall adjoin at least one other county of such district; and no county shall be divided in forming such a district.