1. (1) In a prosecution for an offense that includes, as an element, causing physical injury to another person, evidence of physical injury may include but is not limited to:

   1. (a) Testimony by the person alleged to have been injured;
   2. (b) Evidence of physical trauma;
   3. (c) Testimony from witnesses indicating that the person alleged to have been injured experienced substantial pain or impairment of physical condition; or
   4. (d) Expert testimony addressing the effect of the type and amount of force used by the defendant.
2. (2) As used in this section, “physical trauma” includes but is not limited to fractures, cuts, punctures, bruises, burns or other observable effects.

[2023 c.205 §1]