1. (1) Tank systems.

   1. (i) Every facility having an AST system must inspect the AST system at monthly intervals in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section.

   2. (ii) Except as provided in subparagraph (iii) of this paragraph, every category 1 AST system that has a tank as described in clause (a) or (b) of this subparagraph must be inspected at 10-year intervals in accordance with paragraph (b)(2) of this section.

      1. (a) An AST that has a design capacity of 10,000 gallons or more.

      2. (b) An AST that has a design capacity of less than 10,000 gallons and is in close proximity to sensitive receptors. ASTs within 500 horizontal feet of the following resources are considered to be in close proximity to sensitive receptors:

         1. (1) a perennial or intermittent stream;
         2. (2) a public or private well;
         3. (3) a primary or principal aquifer as defined in USGS Water Resource Investigation Reports 87-4274, 87-4275, 87-4276, 87-4122, 88-4076, and Appendix C;
         4. (4) a wetland as defined in Part 664 of this Title;
         5. (5) a lake/pond, estuary, or other similar surface water body; or
         6. (6) a storm drain.

   3. (iii) Any category 1 AST system that has a tank as described in clause (a) or (b) of this subparagraph is exempt from the requirement established in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph.

      1. (a) An AST that is entirely aboveground, such as a tank on a rack, cradle or stilts.
      2. (b) An AST that stores only no. 5 or no. 6 fuel oil.

2. (2) Underground piping that routinely contains petroleum must be monitored for leaks as follows:

   1. (i) Underground pressurized piping.

      1. (a) Underground piping installed before December 27, 1986 that conveys petroleum under pressure must be tested for tightness in accordance with paragraph (d)(2) of this section at 10-year intervals.
      2. (b) Underground piping installed on or after December 27, 1986 that conveys petroleum under pressure and is part of an AST system storing motor fuel must be equipped with an automatic line leak detector that is operated in accordance with paragraph (d)(1) of this section.

   2. (ii) Underground suction piping and gravity-fed piping. Underground piping installed before December 27, 1986 that conveys petroleum under suction or hydrostatic pressure from the AST must be tested for tightness in accordance with paragraph (d)(2) of this section at 10-year intervals.

      (b) Inspections of AST systems.

      Inspections of AST systems must be conducted in accordance with the following:

3. (1) Monthly inspections. The inspection must include, as applicable, identification of leaks, cracks, areas of wear, corrosion and thinning, poor maintenance and operating practices, excessive settlement of structures, separation or swelling of tank insulation, malfunctioning equipment, and structural and foundation weaknesses.

   1. (i) For an AST system that includes a tank that is fully enclosed within pre-fabricated secondary containment, the inspection must cover the exterior surfaces of:

      1. (a) the secondary containment of the AST; and
      2. (b) the accessible portions of piping and ancillary equipment.

   2. (ii) For an AST system that includes a tank that is insulated in order to store heated petroleum and is within secondary containment, the inspection must cover the exterior surfaces of:

      1. (a) the insulation of the AST; and
      2. (b) the accessible portions of piping and ancillary equipment.
   3. (iii) For an AST system not covered under subparagraph (i) or (ii) of this paragraph, the inspection must cover the exterior surfaces of the tank, piping, and ancillary equipment.
   4. (iv) For every AST system, the inspection must cover any leak detection system, cathodic protection monitoring equipment, or other monitoring or warning system which may be in place.

4. (2) Ten-year inspections. The inspection must include:

   1. (i) an inspection that is conducted in accordance with API Standard 653 (April 2009) or STI SP001 (September 2011), and a tightness test of any underground piping; or

   2. (ii) a tightness test of the AST system that is performed in accordance with subdivision (c) of this section.

      (c) Tightness testing of ASTs.

5. (1) Qualifications of test technicians. All tightness tests must be performed by a technician who has an understanding of variables which affect the test and is trained in the performance of the test.

6. (2) Test reports.

   1. (i) A copy of the test report must be provided by the facility to the department within 30 days after performance of the test.

   2. (ii) All test reports must be in a form satisfactory to the department and must include the following information:

      1. (a) facility registration number;
      2. (b) tank identification number used on the application form required in section 613-1.9 of this Part for the AST tested;
      3. (c) date of test;
      4. (d) results of test;
      5. (e) test method;
      6. (f) certification by the technician that test complies with criteria for a tightness test in subparagraph (iii) of this paragraph;
      7. (g) statement of technician’s qualifications;
      8. (h) address of technician; and
      9. (i) signature of technician.

   3. (iii) Tank tightness testing must be capable of detecting a leak at the rate of 0.1 gallon per hour from any portion of the AST that routinely contains petroleum while accounting for the effects of thermal expansion or contraction of the product, vapor pockets, tank deformation, evaporation or condensation, and the location of the water table.

      (d) Methods of leak detection for underground piping.

      Each method of leak detection for piping used to meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(2) of this section must be conducted in accordance with the following:

7. (1) Automatic line leak detectors. Methods which alert the operator to the presence of a leak by restricting or shutting off the flow of petroleum through piping or triggering an audible or visual alarm may be used only if it will detect a leak of 3 gallons per hour at 10 pounds per square inch line pressure within one hour.

8. (2) Line tightness testing. A periodic test of piping may be conducted only if it can detect a leak at the rate of 0.1 gallon per hour at one and one-half times the operating pressure.

   (e) Inspection and leak detection recordkeeping.

   Every facility must maintain records demonstrating compliance with all applicable requirements of this section. These records must include the results of monthly and 10-year inspections. Monthly inspection records must be maintained for at least 3 years. Ten-year inspection records must be maintained for at least 10 years. A copy of the results of tank tightness testing must be submitted to the department within 30 days after performance of the test. At a minimum, the records must list each component tested and describe any action taken to correct an issue.

   (f) Additional testing and inspection.

   When a leak is suspected, or where inspections or tests required by this Part have not been performed, the department may order the facility to inspect and to test the AST system or equipment for tightness. If the facility fails to conduct such inspections and tests within 10 days after receipt of the department’s order, the department may conduct inspections or tests for tightness. The expenses of conducting such tests as ordered by the department must be paid by the tank system owner.

(a) Specific requirements for category 1, 2, and 3 AST systems.