N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 6, § 380-3.1 – Permit requirements.

(a) Except as provided in section 380-3.5 of this Part, persons subject to this Part must obtain a permit before:
1. (1) emitting radioactive material to the air;
2. (2) discharging radioactive material to a water of the State as defined in ECL article 17, title 1;
3. (3) incinerating radioactive material;
4. (4) disposing of radioactive material in the environment; or
5. (5) using radioactive material in the environment in a manner that results in the release of radioactive material to the environment.
(b) Persons who obtain a permit may only release, use, or dispose of the radioactive material as prescribed by that permit.