(c) Each utility shall use its best efforts to avoid or minimize to the maximum extent practicable, any adverse environmental effects associated with the construction (including clearing and site-restoration activities) of subsurface telephone facilities, by:

1. (1) limiting clearing of trees, shrubs and landscaped areas in accordance with safe construction, operating and maintenance practices;
2. (2) minimizing off R/W impacts by confining construction activities and access to the smallest areas possible, consistent with safe and efficient construction and operation practices;
3. (3) scheduling construction for those times that would minimize damage or disruption to sensitive resources and agricultural production activities (except as otherwise agreed to by the landowner);
4. (4) minimizing disturbances to sensitive resources such as streams, wetlands or rare, threatened or endangered species habitats by limiting machinery movement in or near such resources during construction and throughout the life of the facility;
5. (5) selecting construction and maintenance equipment that minimizes damage to and disruption of soils;
6. (6) minimizing topsoil damage and soil erosion due to grading and other soil-scarifying activities by promptly stabilizing disturbed soil and employing soil separation as appropriate, and thereby preventing erosion and siltation and minimizing compaction; and
7. (7) minimizing traffic disruption when construction vehicles travel along or cross R/W by providing appropriate traffic controls.

(d) The clearing, construction and site restoration practices set forth in the following sections shall be observed by each utility where applicable:

1. (1) Each utility shall take care to prevent or minimize the grading or piling of soil off the R/W, particularly in cultivated land(s) and near streams and wetlands.
2. (2) Before constructing a new access road, each utility shall give preference to using existing access to the R/W; however, where steep slopes (over 20 percent) are encountered along the R/W or where soils, which would not support construction equipment or would result in extensive rutting or compaction, are encountered, the construction of either a temporary or permanent off R/W access road shall be considered. However, the placement of permanent access roads in cultivated land shall be avoided wherever possible, unless such roads are requested or agreed to by the landowner or farm operator.
3. (3) Each utility shall endeavor to complete stream crossings in the shortest amount of time, with the least amount of adverse environmental impact.
4. (4) Where necessary each utility shall properly install temporary drainage and erosion control devices during clearing and grading operations, appropriately maintain them during construction and incorporate them, where necessary, into final grading operations.
5. (5) Before grading and trenching, each utility shall make an on-site effort to verify the location of any buried gas lines, water lines, sewer lines, drainage tiles or similar facilities which may be encountered. All such facilities removed, cut, broken or otherwise damaged during facility construction shall be restored or replaced to at least their preexisting condition, unless the affected property owner declines such restoration or replacement or where such facilities would interfere with the safe and efficient operation and maintenance of the subsurface telephone facilities.
6. (6) At the project planning stage, before initiating grading or trenching operations in cultivated land on land used in agricultural production (as demonstrated by the affected farm operator), each utility shall discuss with such farm operator and the appropriate county soil and water conservation district the soil characteristics of the project area, drainage, irrigation, cultivation and other land management installations and practices, flood control, the proposed depth-of-cover above the facility and the appropriateness of topsoil segregation. In cultivated land, all cable shall be installed with a minimum 24 inches of cover. However, the farm operator may require a depth-of-cover greater than 24 inches as a condition of permitting a right-of-way across his or her land where necessary to safely accommodate such practices and projects. In such cases, where practicable, the depth-of-cover shall be included in the easement recorded in the county records office. All such decisions shall take into account the recommended practices and standards of the United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, as noted in the farm operator's farm conservation plan on file with the county soil and water conservation district. The farm operator shall not be liable for any damage to the buried cable which occurs as a result of land fitting activities including, but not limited to, plowing, subsoiling and disking. Cable plow installation may be used in cultivated land unless the land within the area of construction contains subsurface drain lines. In those cases open trenching shall be used unless the farm operator agrees to cable plow installation. A generic plan and procedure for the repair of drain lines removed, cut, broken or damaged by either method of installation shall be developed by the utility with the soil conservation service and the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets showing the method(s) for shouldering of the tile drain line repair into the undisturbed trench wall, the support of the repair tile and the maintenance of the drain line's gravity flow. In all cases of removal, cutting, breakage or damage of drain lines during construction by the utility, repairs shall be undertaken at the utility's expense.
7. (7) Where adverse effects to significant plantings such as ornamental shrubs and trees, as well as visual screens, cannot be avoided during construction, such plants shall be carefully removed and planted in a temporary location and then be returned as close as possible to their original location following back-filling. If such plants must be removed and are destroyed, they shall be replaced with species and varieties as close as possible in height, diameter and grade to those removed. Exceptions would be where such vegetation would interfere with the operation and maintenance of the facility, the construction is done at the request of the affected landowner, or where the affected landowner and the utility agree otherwise. If the affected property has been the subject of Federal, State or local agency review jurisdiction, the involved Federal, State or local agency must also agree to the extent the resulting disturbance affects a condition of a previously issued permit or other approval. Transplanting and plant replacement shall be done consistent with established horticultural practices.
8. (8) In areas where livestock are confined or farm equipment is operating, all trenches which will remain open overnight or on nonworking days shall be temporarily fenced or barricaded, unless the trench shoring or sheeting material extends at least 40 inches above the working surface. Where reasonably determined necessary by the affected landowner or farm operator, temporary access should be constructed to permit persons, vehicles and livestock to cross safely from one side of the trench to the other.
9. (9) Should dewatering of the trench become necessary, all water shall be filtered and dissipated through appropriate filter material or discharged onto vegetated or graveled areas, to prevent stream siltation and sedimentation and soil erosion. No such water shall be discharged onto cultivated land in the cropping season or directly into regulated streams, ponds or wetlands. If cultivated land receives discharges outside the cropping season, measures shall be applied to dissipate the water to prevent soil erosion.
10. (10) Engine-powered construction equipment shall be properly muffled and maintained to avoid producing excessive noise. Such equipment shall not be permitted to idle unnecessarily near noise sensitive uses. Near such uses, the quietest equipment which is readily available to each utility and appropriate for the task shall be employed. If blasting is necessary, explosive charges shall be controlled to limit the sound pressure level to 127 dB.
11. (11) Whenever artifacts or relics which appear to have historic value are uncovered during construction, work shall be stopped immediately at the site of impact and the State Historic Preservation Office shall be notified. Work elsewhere may continue. Construction at the impact site shall not be resumed until the State Historic Preservation Office or its designated representative determines the significance of the find and, if required, develops a plan to salvage or protect such resource. If prompt clarification of the situation by such officials is not forthcoming or if complications arise, the commission shall be notified immediately.

12. (12) In restoring the R/W each utility shall:

    1. (i) recycle all waste material or dispose of it in accordance with governing rules and regulations;
    2. (ii) grade the entire disturbed R/W to restore it to original grade and contour, unless changes made to grade and contour are agreed to by the landowner;
    3. (iii) contact the county soil and water conservation district for the most appropriate seed mix and application rates in the construction area;
    4. (iv) utilize the most appropriate seed mix and application rate, giving consideration to compatibility with undisturbed areas of the R/W and the surrounding land and consistent with erosion, wildlife and other environmental concerns;
    5. (v) determine the site-specific seed mix to be applied on active agriculture land in consultation with the affected farm operator;
    6. (vi) by the end of the workweek in which construction commences, apply mulch (and seed, if no further disturbance is planned) on all disturbed sites at least 20 feet from all streams and wetlands;
    7. (vii) stabilize all cut and fill banks by employing the most appropriate erosion control devices and techniques;
    8. (viii) complete stream bank restoration as soon as practicable after the stream crossing installation is completed. If seasonal conditions do not permit final restoration, temporary restoration measures shall be undertaken, with final restoration measures to follow as soon as practicable thereafter; and,
    9. (ix) repair or replace (and leave in a condition equivalent to or better than, the preexisting) all existing installations or improvements, for example, lawns, fences, walls, curbs, sidewalks, culverts, mailboxes, gates, tiles, drainage ditches, waterways, ponds which are disturbed, damaged or destroyed during construction, unless previous arrangements with landowners or farm operators dictate otherwise.