(c) Rates and surcharges for occurrence policies providing primary coverage, up to $1 million/$3 million, issued or renewed during the period July 1, 1991 through June 30, 1992, shall be as follows:

1. (1) For Frontier Insurance Company, rates shall be five percent less than those established pursuant to section 70.11(c)(1) of this Part. No surcharge shall be collected for this insurer.
2. (2) For Group Council Mutual Insurance Company, rates shall be those established pursuant to section 70.11(c)(2) of this Part. In addition, a surcharge of 4 percent shall be collected for this insurer.
3. (3) For Medical Liability Mutual Insurance Company, the rate adjustments shall be as indicated in subdivision (j) of this Part, which also reflects a territorial modification approved by the superintendent in accordance with section 2307(a) of the Insurance Law. No surcharge shall be collected for this insurer.
4. (4) For the Medical Malpractice Insurance Association, the rate adjustments shall be as indicated in subdivision (j) of this Part, which also reflects a territorial modification approved by the superintendent in accordance with section 2307(a) of the Insurance Law. No surcharge shall be collected for this insurer.
5. (5) For Physicians Reciprocal Insurers, rates shall be five percent less than those established pursuant to section 70.11(c)(5) of this Part. No surcharge shall be collected for this insurer.
6. (6) For all other insurers, rates shall be those established by paragraph (3) of this subdivision, unless the insurer can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the superintendent that another rate is appropriate. No surcharge shall be collected for any such insurer unless specifically required by the superintendent.

(d) Rates for policies providing excess coverage issued or renewed during the period July 1, 1991 through June 30, 1992 shall be as follows, and no surcharges shall be collected on these policies:

1. (1) For a first excess layer providing $1 million/$3 million of excess coverage above $1 million/$3 million primary coverage, and purchased directly by a physician, the rate shall be 33 percent of the $1 million/$3 million rate for primary coverage established for the Medical Malpractice Insurance Association in accordance with subdivision (c) of this section.
2. (2) For a first excess layer providing $1 million/$3 million of excess coverage above $1 million/$3 million primary coverage, and purchased by a hospital in accordance with section 18 of chapter 184 of the Laws of 1988 as amended by section 60 of chapter 165 of the Laws of 1991, the rate shall be 35.8 percent of the $1 million/$3 million rate for primary coverage established for the Medical Malpractice Insurance Association in accordance with subdivision (c) of this section.

3. (3) For a second excess layer providing $1 million/$3 million of excess coverage above the underlying primary coverage and the first layer of excess coverage described in paragraph (1) or (2) of this subdivision, the rate shall be 25 percent of the $1 million/$3 million rate for primary coverage established for the Medical Malpractice Insurance Association in accordance with subdivision (c) of this section.

   (e) Claims-made primary and excess coverage rates.

4. (1) Claims-made coverage rate. The rate for a claims-made policy shall be the corresponding occurrence rate multiplied by the appropriate claims-made factor, as follows:

   Year in Claims–Made Program	Claims–Made Factor
   First	31%
   Second	64
   Third	85
   Fourth	94
   Fifth	99
   Sixth	102
   Seventh	104
   Eighth and later	105

5. (2) Optional extended reporting period (tail) rates:

   1. (i) The rate for optional tail coverage required to be offered for a claims-made policy shall be the corresponding occurrence rate multiplied by the appropriate tail factor, as follows:

      Number of years completed in claims–made program	Tail factor
      One	74.8%
      Two	122.1
      Three	146.4
      Four	162.4
      Five	173.3
      Six	181.0
      Seven	186.7
      Eight or more	190.6

   2. (ii) For a policy terminated on a date other than its anniversary date, the tail factor shall be obtained by interpolation, on a daily basis, between the tail factors applicable to the preceding and following policy anniversaries.
   3. (iii) For any policy written at a reduced rate because the insured was eligible for a new-doctor discount, the tail premium shall be reduced by the percentage that the current year's rate (exclusive of any surplus contributions) was reduced as a result of such new-doctor discount.

(f) Rates for claims-made policies where the physician, while receiving coverage under a claims-made policy, changes classification or territory.

1. (1) When a physician insured under a claims-made policy changes either classification, territory or both, it is necessary to adjust the rate applicable to such physician to reflect the fact that claims made under the policy after the change could include claims for occurrences which took place under the former classification or territory. Under normal circumstances, such an adjustment would be a relatively simple calculation. However, the presence of a loading for pre-paid extended reporting period coverage in the rate structure complicates the calculation in that the amount of such loading applicable to the difference in rates before and after the change must be considered. Accordingly, the procedure established by paragraph (2) of this subdivision shall be used by all insurers.

2. (2) The rates applicable to a physician who changes classification or territory shall, for a period of eight years following the effective date of such change, be calculated in accordance with the following procedure:

   1. (i) Calculate the annual rate that would have applied had the physician made no change in classification or territory.
   2. (ii) Subtract from the amount calculated above, the annual rate for the former classification or territory, corresponding to the appropriate claims-made step which would have applied had the insured physician initially entered the claims-made program when the change became effective. (NOTE: The first year step on the first year this calculation is done; the second year step on the second year, etc.)
   3. (iii) Add to the result in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, the annual rate for the new classification or territory, corresponding to the appropriate claims-made step which would have applied had the insured physician initially entered the claims-made program when the change became effective. (Note: The first year step on the first year this calculation is done; the second year step on the second year, etc.)
   4. (iv) Subtract from the result in subparagraph (iii) of this paragraph the annual rate for the new classification or territory which corresponds to the appropriate claims-made step applicable to this physician. (Note: This would be the same claims-made step as used in subparagraph [i] of this paragraph applied to the new classification or territory.)

   5. (v) Determine the Change in Risk (CIR) factor applicable to this insured from the following table. Multiply the result in subparagraph (iv) of this paragraph by the appropriate CIR factor. (Note: The CIR factor is determined once only, when the insured makes a change in classification or territory. Once the CIR factor has been determined, it is used for all future calculations applicable to the subject change.)

      Last completed claims– made step prior to change	Change in risk factor
      One	.65
      Two	.58
      Three	.49
      Four	.41
      Five	.32
      Six	.24
      Seven	.16
      Eight	.08
      Nine or more	.00

   6. (vi) Add the result in subparagraph (v) of this paragraph to the annual rate for the new classification or territory which corresponds to the appropriate claims-made step applicable to this physician. (Note: This is the same figure used in subparagraph [iv] of this paragraph.)

3. (3) All insurers providing claims-made coverage subject to this Part shall:

   1. (i) Amend their policy applications to require the applicant to identify every insurer which previously provided coverage on a claims-made basis and to indicate if and how any classification or territory has been modified since first entry into the claims-made program.
   2. (ii) Confirm the classification or territory information with the previous insurer or insurers.
   3. (iii) Furnish, upon the written request of an insurer, or former or current insured, classification or territory information relative to such insured or former insured.

4. (4) For the purposes of this subdivision, the term classification shall include changes from full-time to part-time or part-time to full-time practice.

   (g) Excess coverage-types of policies; required tail.

5. (1) Pursuant to section 60 of chapter 165 of the Laws of 1991, excess coverage policies providing $1 million/$3 million of excess coverage above $1 million/$3 million of primary coverage, purchased by general hospitals on behalf of physicians, shall cover occurrences from July 1, 1991 through June 30, 1992. Accordingly, all physicians' and surgeons' medical malpractice liability insurers, and only such insurers, that issue such an excess policy on a claims-made basis shall simultaneously issue full tail coverage.

6. (2) Except where required to be issued on a claims-made basis pursuant to section 5504(f) of the Insurance Law, excess coverage policies issued or renewed on and after July 1, 1991 shall provide coverage on either an occurrence or claims-made basis, subject to paragraph (1) of this subdivision, provided that:

   1. (i) An excess coverage policy shall be renewed on the same basis (occurrence or claims-made) as issued, except that the insured may choose to substitute claims-made for occurrence coverage.
   2. (ii) If the insured so requests, an excess coverage policy issued by the same insurer that issued the underlying primary coverage shall be issued with the same type of coverage (occurrence or claims-made) as the primary coverage.
   3. (iii) The provisions of section 70.7(b)(2) of this Part continue to apply to all medical malpractice liability insurers.

(h) Rates for claims-made and tail excess coverage policies purchased by hospitals. The aggregate rate for a claims-made excess policy and its simultaneously issued tail, purchased by a general hospital on behalf of physicians, shall equal the corresponding occurrence excess coverage rate.

1. (1) No later than August 15, 1991, all physicians' medical malpractice liability insurers shall file required amended rate manual pages with the superintendent in accordance with the rates established by this Part. Insurers writing, or required to write, coverage for which rates are not specifically established by this Part shall file proposed rates with supporting documentation by August 15, 1991.
2. (2) A physicians' medical malpractice liability rate filed by a rate service organization on behalf of its members and subscribers shall be established in accordance with this Part and any such organization shall make appropriate filings by August 15, 1991.
3. (3) The rates and rating plans for medical malpractice liability insurance issued by an insurer to a federal purchasing group and its members shall be established in accordance with the provisions of this Part, except that, if the insurer and purchasing group have complied with all applicable provisions of the Liability Risk Retention Act, 15 USC 3901 et seq., and Part 301 of this Title, and if the insurer submits rates or a rating plan affording advantages, based upon the purchasing group's loss and expense experience, not afforded to other persons, the superintendent shall review such submission, and thereafter establish rates or a rating plan, as appropriate, reflecting such advantages. Any such insurer presently issuing such coverage shall file proposed rates with adequate documentation by August 15, 1991.

(i) Required filings.

(j) Rate and territory changes for medical liability mutual insurance company the medical malpractice insurance association.