No law shall be passed except by bill, and no bill shall be so altered or amended on its passage through either house as to change its original purpose. The enacting clause of all bills shall be: "Be it enacted by the legislature of the state of New Mexico." Any bill may originate in either house. No bill, except bills to provide for the public peace, health and safety, and the codification or revision of the laws, shall become a law unless it has been printed, and read three different times in each house, not more than two of which readings shall be on the same day, and the third of which shall be in full.

ANNOTATIONS

Comparable provisions. — Idaho Const., art. III, §§ 14, 15.

Iowa Const., art. III, § 15.

Utah Const., art. VI, § 22.

Courts will not look behind an enacted law in order to ensure that the legislature complied with the reading rule. N.M. Gamefowl Assn., Inc. v. State ex rel. King, 2009-NMCA-088, 146 N.M. 758, 215 P.3d 67, cert. denied, 2009-NMCERT-007, 147 N.M. 361, 223 P.3d 358.

Broadening of act. — The purpose of an act is not so changed as to violate this section merely by broadening the act and making it more comprehensive as to details. Black Hawk Consol. Mines Co. v. Gallegos, 1948-NMSC-007, 52 N.M. 74, 191 P.2d 996.

Reference statute. — Laws 1923, ch. 118 (since repealed), referring to intoxicating liquors, was a "reference statute," and the declaratory portion thereof was sufficient to meet the requirements of this section. State v. Armstrong, 1924-NMSC-089, 31 N.M. 220, 243 P. 333.

Multigraphed bill is a printed bill. 1923 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 23-3670.

House journal and bills are public records and should be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. 1925 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 25-3804.

Purpose of section is solely to prohibit amendments not germane to subject of legislation expressed in the title of the act purported to be amended. 1978 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 78-04.

Declaration directory. — Declaration of constitution that "no law shall be passed except by bill," can be considered merely as directory, as long as the legislative intent is clearly expressed. 1915 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 15-1470.

Legislature can appropriate money by joint resolution. 1915 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 15-1470.

Law reviews. — For article, "The Legislature," see 8 Nat. Resources J. 148 (1968).

Am. Jur. 2d, A.L.R. and C.J.S. references. — 73 Am. Jur. 2d Statutes §§ 50, 53, 56, 57, 59, 67.

Civil responsibility of member of legislative body for his vote therein, 22 A.L.R. 125.

Previous statute as affected by attempted but unconstitutional amendment, 66 A.L.R. 1483.

Applicability of constitutional provision requiring reenactment of altered or amended statute to one which leaves intact terms of original statute but transfers or extends its operation to another field, 67 A.L.R. 564.

Stage at which statute or ordinance passes beyond power of legislative body to reconsider or recall, 96 A.L.R. 1309.

Presumption of regular passage of statute as affected by legislative records showing that bill was defeated, 119 A.L.R. 460.

Applicability of constitutional requirement that repealing or amendatory statute refer to statute repealed or amended, to repeal or amendment by implication, 5 A.L.R.2d 1270.

Adoption of compiled or revised statutes as giving effect to former repealed or suspended provisions therein, 12 A.L.R.2d 423.

Simultaneous repeal and reenactment of all, or part, of legislative act, 77 A.L.R.2d 336.

82 C.J.S. Statutes §§ 18, 19, 24 to 27.