The senate shall appoint their president and other officers, and determine their own rules of proceedings: And not less than thirteen members of the senate shall make a quorum for doing business; and when less than sixteen senators shall be present, the assent of ten, at least, shall be necessary to render their acts and proceedings valid.

June 2, 1784

Amended 1792 adding "president."

Amended 1877 increasing quorum from 7 to 13 and changing assent of 5 when less than 8 present to assent of 10 when less than 16 present.