Pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1707, the President is granted authority to declare a national emergency with respect to any unusual and extraordinary threat that has its source outside the United States, and to take action to meet that threat including the imposition of controls over property in which any foreign country or a national thereof has an interest. Criminal violations are investigated by the Treasury Department. Prosecution of violations which involve the export of property in which a foreign national or foreign country has an interest shall not be undertaken without prior approval of the CES of the National Security Division. See JM 9-90.020.

[updated December 2020]