The provisions of this chapter apply to all prosecutions initiated pursuant to the statutes identified below. While all of them are considered environmental crimes, for convenient reference they are divided into four groups: pollution crimes, wildlife crimes, animal welfare crimes, and worker safety crimes.

1. 1. Pollution Crimes
   Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), 7 U.S.C. §§ 136y
   Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 791-798
   Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), 15 U.S.C. §§ 2601-2697
   Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, 30 U.S.C. §§ 1201-1211
   Rivers and Harbors Appropriations Act,33 U.S.C. § 403, andRefuse Act, 33 U.S.C. § 407
   Federal Water Pollution Control Act(Clean Water Act), 33 U.S.C. §§ 1251-1388
   Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act(Ocean Dumping Act),33 U.S.C. §§ 1401-1445
   Deepwater Port Act, 33 U.S.C. §§ 1501-1524
   Act to Prevent Pollution From Ships, 33 U.S.C. §§ 1901-1915
   Safe Drinking Water Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 300f-300j-27
   Atomic Energy Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 2011-2296b-7 (violations under 42 U.S.C. §§ 2272 and 2273)
   Noise Control Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 4901-4918
   Solid Waste Disposal Act(including, in Subchapter III, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)), 42 U.S.C. §§ 6901-6992k
   Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 7401-7671q
   Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), 42 U.S.C. §§ 9601-9675
   Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA)(SARA Title III), 42 U.S.C. §§ 11001-11050
   Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, 43 U.S.C. §§ 1331-1356b
   Federal Hazardous Material Transportation Law, 49 U.S.C. §§ 5101-5128
2. 2. Wildlife Crimes
   Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 661-667e
   Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 668-668
   National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 668dd-668ee
   Sikes Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 670a-670o
   Migratory Bird Treaty Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 703-712
   Migratory Bird Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 715-715r
   Airborne Hunting Act,16 U.S.C. §§ 742j-1
   Northern Pacific Halibut Act of 1982, 16 U.S.C. §§ 773-773k
   Whaling Convention Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 916-916<i>l</i>
   Fur Seal Act of 1966, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1151-1175<i> </i>
   Marine Mammal Protection Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1361-1423h
   Endangered Species Act of 1973, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1531-1544
   Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1801-1891d
   Antarctic Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 2401-2413
   Antarctic Marine Living Resources Convention, 16 U.S.C. §§ 2431-2444
   Lacey Act Amendments of 1981 (Lacey Act), 16 U.S.C. §§ 3371-3378, 18 U.S.C. § 42
   Atlantic Salmon Convention Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 3601-3608
   Pacific Salmon Fishing Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 3631-3645
   African Elephant Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 4201-4246
   Wild Exotic Bird Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 4901-4916
   North Pacific Anadromous Stocks Convention Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 5001-5012
   Atlantic Coastal Fisheries Cooperative Management Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 5101-5108
   Rhinoceros and Tiger Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 5301-5306
   High Seas Fishing Compliance Act, 16 U.S. C. §§ 5501-5509
   Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Convention Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 5601-5612
   Hunting, fishing, trapping; disturbance or injury on wildlife refuge, 18 U.S.C. § 41
3. 3. Animal Welfare Crimes
   Humane Methods of Livestock Slaughter Act, 7 U.S.C. §§ 1901-1907 (including violations cross-referenced under 21 U.S.C. §§ 601-626)
   Animal Welfare Act, 7 U.S.C. §§ 2131-2159
   Animal Fighting Prohibition Enforcement Act, 7 U.S.C. § 2156, 18 U.S.C. § 49
   Horse Protection Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 1821-1831
   Animal Crush Video Prohibition Act, 18 U.S.C. § 48
4. 4. Worker Safety Crimes
   Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), 29 U.S.C. §§ 651
   Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act, 29 U.S.C. §§ 1801-1872
   Mine Safety and Health Act (MSHA) of 1977, 30 U.S.C. §§ 801-966
   Atomic Energy Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 2272-2297h–13

*Due to the unique history of Mine Safety and Health Act (MSHA) enforcement, at the election of the United States Attorney, the responsibility for the investigation and prosecution of MSHA cases will rest with the United States Attorney’s Office. When the United States Attorney makes such an election for a particular case, the United States Attorney’s Office will notify the Environmental Crimes Section of the election to prosecute the case (as required in JM 5-11.103), and of its disposition (as required in JM 5-11.108). If a United States Attorney’s Office makes such an election to solely handle a MSHA case or matter within its district, it may also solely handle any appeal in the case or matter. In such an appeal, the United States Attorney’s Office will provide reasonable notice to ENRD and a copy of the draft brief for comment prior to filing.

[cited in JM 5-11.102; JM 5-11.109; JM 5-11.112; JM 5-11.114; JM 5-11.115; JM 5-11.117; JM 5-11.119]

[updated May 2018]