Consular officials will normally serve subpoenas on American citizens (including American Nationals who, while not citizens, owe permanent allegiance to the United States, as well as alien residents, who have been lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States, although not citizens) residing abroad, except in those countries (such as Switzerland) which prohibit foreigners from serving legal documents. In these cases, the Office of International Affairs (OIA) in the Criminal Division or the Office of Foreign Litigation (OFL) in the Civil Division should be consulted, as appropriate.

American citizens are entitled to compensation for travel and expenses in these cases. When the testimony of the employee of a foreign government is contemplated, it is imperative that the attorney submit a request directly to OIA in the Criminal Division, or the OFL in the Civil Division, prior to communicating with the witness or the foreign government. The appropriate office will request the Department of State to obtain the approval of the foreign government involved.

Payment for subsistence, witness fees, and actual cost of travel, for both American and foreign citizens, is fixed by 28 U.S.C. § 1821.

[updated February 2018] [cited in JM 3-1.200]